Volume 02 Issue 10-2022
22
International Journal Of Literature And Languages
(ISSN
–
2771-2834)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
10
Pages:
22-25
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.914
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
The article analyses the specific features of the use of the trinity in the works of the Russian writer I.A.Bunin and the
American writer Mark Twain and their ideological and artistic functions
KEYWORDS
Artistic text, principle of ternary, element, composition, space, reality, symbolism, problem, image, hero, character,
image.
INTRODUCTION
It is known that the principle of trinity is widely used in
philosophy. In particular, the French scientist Jacques
Lacan also approached man based on the principle of
trinity in the perception of existence. It is written in the
sources as follows: "The basis of the entire logical
construction of Lacan is the triad of "reality - imagery -
symbolism"
("Realnoe
-
Voobrajaemoe
-
Simvolicheskoe"). It is the dimension or order of
human existence, and from their conformity the
subject's "destiny" emerges. It is possible to
conditionally distinguish the necessary stage of Lacan's
concept, depending on which of the general system,
reality, imagery, symbolism, is more emphasized. For
example, the Russian writer I.A. An observation of the
character of the dog in Bunin's story "Dream of Dust"
and its relationship to man in real life, in imagination
Research Article
THE USE OF THE TRINITY IN THE WORKS OF I.A.BUNIN AND MARK
TWAIN
Submission Date:
October 01, 2022,
Accepted Date:
October 05, 2022,
Published Date:
October 25, 2022
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijll/Volume02Issue10-04
S. Khodjaev
Department Of Literary Studies FSU, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ijll
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 02 Issue 10-2022
23
International Journal Of Literature And Languages
(ISSN
–
2771-2834)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
10
Pages:
22-25
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.914
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
and metaphorically can: "It's not enough to talk about
who? Everyone on earth deserves it. Once upon a time
Chang recognized the universe and master to whom
his earthly existence was bound. Since then, six years
have passed like an hourglass on a ship. It's night again
- is it a dream or am I right? - it's dawning again - is it a
dream or am I right? Chang is old, Chang is numb, drunk
- he was still wise." This is how the exposition of the
story begins. If you pay attention to the passage, the
narrator describes the dog and its drowsy state. In this
way, events are depicted between the aging Chang
and his imagination and reality. More specifically,
Chang describes the presence he sees in his mind. In
this, the dog is brought as a symbol of loyalty, both in
a symbolic sense and in a real sense. Here, the French
scientist Jacques Lacan's above-mentioned logical
formula based on the principle of trinity is prominent.
Through his devotion and love for a dog and his owner,
the writer solves social problems in his society,
including the lack of affection, when he was young and
full of strength, he worked as a ship captain, and when
he lost his strength, he spent his days alone, penniless,
and destitute in the attic of an apartment building in
the cold winter days of Odessa. The tragedy of the
drunken specialist, the dog's lack of understanding of
what is built on the relationship between people
(because he considers that all people deserve respect)
are artistically expressed.
After the expository passage in "Dust's Dream", the
dozing dog remembered his former master and the
happy moments he spent with him. It is mentioned that
while a man who came to Odessa from distant China
was selling dead fish, the young captain bought it from
this China. It is said that the puppy was nicknamed
Chang, meaning Chinese, or derived from a Chinese
person. Here it is revealed that Chang actually had
three masters. The first is Chinese, the second is a ship
captain, and the third is a journalist, and when the first
is desperate, he sells the puppy. Here, it can be seen
that the dog showed loyalty to the person and did not
receive loyalty from him, and the captain treated him
as a very kind and close person, they had breakfast
together, and they remembered to be together on
long trips. The journalist is also lonely, he is not as kind
as the captain, but he lives to himself, but he does not
talk to him about his pain like the captain. Dust lives in
my house in memory of its former owners. It seems
that the plot composition of this story is based on the
events related to the dog and its owners, that is, three
characters. They are united by the image of Chang. It
can be observed that the principle of trinity is leading
in the story and that the trinity plays a key role in the
structure of the story.
Lacan's tripartite principle can also be found in Mark
Twain's novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.
Because it describes the events with reality, the
imagery in them is convincing. Because in the middle
and second half of the 19th century in the United
States, it was natural for an orphan child and a black
slave to walk alone. Pianist fathers and fraudsters are
also common occurrences. On a larger scale, what
Huck saw copied brings symbolism to the lives of
children of this age. So, if existence, imagination,
symbolism form the basis of human existence,
literature as a product of artistic thinking (or a form of
social consciousness) does not deviate from Jacques
Lacan's concept. This makes it possible to find reality,
imagination and symbolism in any artistic work. It relies
on interpretation and analysis methods. For example,
we see the principle of trinity in the following passage
from the novel:
Volume 02 Issue 10-2022
24
International Journal Of Literature And Languages
(ISSN
–
2771-2834)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
10
Pages:
22-25
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.914
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
"Look at me, don't let me down!" he said. - although
there are more idiots in Buer during my absence! I will
rub your skin and put straw inside. They say that your
knowledge has come out - you know how to read and
write. Do you think your father is useless if he is
illiterate?...
Well, I'll show her (Mrs. Mary Douglas, who adopted
the child) what it's like to stick her nose where she
didn't ask! And you, look, drop out of school, did you
hear? I'll show them! The child was taught to be proud
in front of his father and hold his nose up, did you
appreciate it?! If I see you hanging around in front of
that school, look at yourself! Your mother did not know
how to read, did not know how to write, she died
illiterate. All your relatives were illiterate and passed
that way. I can't read or write either. Have you become
an author, look at this! I'm not one to just look at it, you
hear?!”
1
[28]
In the passage, it is possible to observe the relationship
between the angry father, the child and the adopted
woman. While the ignorant father is a nanny, the
neglected Huck is taken in by a woman named Mary
Douglas, whose husband died in the war. He admits
this openly in front of everyone and starts this business
with the approval of the judge in the town. But the
father, who heard that others are taking care of his
son, suddenly appears and is angry at the situation of
Huck, who is living and studying in conditions that he
could not create. Because he himself is illiterate,
ignorant, a thief, a drinker, and he is unable to create
1
The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (Tom Sawyer’s
Comrade) by Mark Twain. A Glass bookclassic. – р. 18
conditions for his son. But it also does not allow others
to do the work. So, father, son and Douglas trio served
as the main motive for the development of the plot in
this novel. Because a child disappears the very day the
father breaks into his bed. In fact, his father kidnapped
him to a hut in a remote mountain forest. When the
search does not help, no one will stop looking for it.
Then Huck escapes from his father's prison, finds his
dear friend, the negro Jim, and they go on a trip down
the river.
There were many reasons why the child ran away from
his father's house. First, his father would leave Huck
alone in the hut, lock him up, and sometimes starve him
for three days. Secondly, the hut was in the form of a
semi-basement, it was in a large forest, and only the
cries of various wild animals and the frightening sound
of birds could be heard. Third, his father tries to kill
Huck the day he drinks. Therefore, he tries to get rid of
his father, the boy understands that if he goes to Mrs.
Douglas, his father will catch him again, that a single
woman is helpless. That's why it goes further. So, in
this novel by Mark Twain, the trio of Huckleberry Finn,
Father Finn and Mary Douglas is based on the motif.
The plot, character and narrator's speech form a
unique triad through the description of places such as
a house, a town, a school, a forest, and a river. After all,
in this way, it is scientifically based that "artistic space
and time... are elements of composition in the analysis
of triplets”
2
.
2
The category of space and time of tercets. KV.Yulchiyev-
Scientific journal of the Fergana State University, 2019/4. –
p.131-134.
Volume 02 Issue 10-2022
25
International Journal Of Literature And Languages
(ISSN
–
2771-2834)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
10
Pages:
22-25
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.914
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
REFERENCES
1.
Горных А.А.
Лакан (Lacan) Жак (1901—
1981) /
Постмодернизм.Энкциклопедия.
–
Минск:
Интерпрессервис, 2001
2.
Бунин
И.А.Сны
Чанга.
Рассказ.
http://az.lib.ru/b/bunin_i_a/text_1820.shtml
3.
The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (Tom Sawyer’s
Comrade) by Mark Twain. A Glass bookclassic
–
http://boorzip.ru
4.
The category of space and time of tercets.
KV.Yulchiyev-Scientific journal of the Fergana State
University, 2019/4.
–
p.131-134.
