International Journal of Management and Economics Fundamental
98
https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ijmef
VOLUME
Vol.05 Issue 05 2025
PAGE NO.
98-100
10.37547/ijmef/Volume05Issue05-20
The Use of Electroactivated Air to Intensify Grain Drying
by Active Ventilation
Mamataliev Dilshodbek Khamidovich
Andijan State Technical Institute, Department of Accounting and Management, Senior Lecturer, Uzbekistan
Received:
31 March 2025;
Accepted:
29 April 2025;
Published:
31 May 2025
Abstract:
The post-harvest grain processing process is one of the most important in agricultural production
technology. It is post-harvest processing that contributes to the production of high-quality products, long-term
and effective preservation of these products, right up to the harvest of a new crop.
Keywords:
Drying of wet products, biological activity, Drying, high humidity, recirculating drying, vacuum drying,
Electroactivated air, criterion model.
Introduction:
One of the main objectives of agricultural
production is to increase the production of grain crops
to meet the growing food needs of the population.
The post-harvest grain processing process is one of the
most important in agricultural production technology.
It is post-harvest processing that contributes to the
production of high-quality products, long-term and
effective preservation of these products, right up to the
harvest of a new crop.
Post-harvest grain processing consists of several
stages: cleaning, sorting and drying of wet products.
The amount of moisture contained in the grain affects
its biological activity, quality and safety. This is the most
important and reliable factor in regulating the vital
activity of grain. In order for the grain to be stored well,
its humidity should not exceed the conditioned
humidity, which, even in good weather, the humidity of
the harvested grain is 4-6% higher than the conditioned
humidity. In adverse weather conditions, grain
moisture reaches 25-35%. Up to 20% of the crop is lost
due to high humidity and inadequate storage
conditions. Drying helps to reduce the moisture
content of grain, increases its shelf life, but is the most
energy-intensive process in post-harvest grain
processing.
To obtain grain with conditioned humidity and reduce
energy consumption in agricultural production, the
following methods of grain drying intensification are
used: recirculation drying, preheating, vacuum drying,
drying using infrared radiation, drying with high
frequency currents, drying grain under the influence of
an electric field, and many others. Recently, methods
of exposure to dried material with electroactivated air
have been increasingly used.
Electroactivated air is used in agriculture for drying,
increasing the nutritional value of feed, temporary
storage, and disinfection. The analysis of the works
showed that the inconsistency of the data obtained by
different authors on the concentrations of ozone and
aeroions for various technological processes does not
allow us to identify the main reasons affecting the
efficiency of processing processes. The available
research results allow us to talk about the effectiveness
of using aeroions to intensify grain drying, but they are
also contradictory and require clarification of
processing modes.
In this regard, the following ways are outlined to
intensify grain drying by active ventilation using
electro-activated air:
1. Finding conditions for drying grain by active
ventilation using electro activated air.
2. Determination of grain drying conditions by active
ventilation using cyclic exposure to electro activated
air.
3. Development of grain drying modes by active
ventilation using electro activated air.
In accordance with the above, the purpose of the study
is formulated in the article.:
Development of energy-saving technology for grain
International Journal of Management and Economics Fundamental
99
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International Journal of Management and Economics Fundamental (ISSN: 2771-2257)
drying in active ventilation units using electroactivated
air.
The object of the study is the process of drying grain
with electroactivated air in active ventilation units.
The subject of the study is the patterns of heat and
moisture exchange in the grain layer during drying of
grain with electro activated air.
The following task has been set:
- To conduct theoretical studies on the description of
the effect of electro activated air on the processes of
heat and moisture exchange in the grain layer, on the
intensification of drying. To formulate a hypothesis
about the mechanism of intensification of grain drying
using EAW with cyclic supply of aerations. To develop a
mathematical model of the drying process of the grain
layer under the cyclic action of EAW.
- To conduct comparative experimental studies of grain
drying modes under cyclic exposure to EAW.
- To develop regression models describing the
processes in the grain layer under cyclic exposure to
electro activated air in order to intensify drying.
- To evaluate the economic effect of using cyclic modes
of exposure to electroactivated air to intensify grain
drying by active ventilation.
Formulated
Working hypothesis:
Activation of the stored energy of the grain, as a
biological object, to intensify the grain drying process
by active ventilation is possible with cyclic exposure to
electro-activated air.
Scientific hypothesis:
An increase in the drying rate of grain and a decrease in
the energy intensity of the process is possible due to
the activation of the stored energy of the grain, as a
biological object, using cyclic modes of external
influences.
"Analysis of the issue of intensification of grain drying
by active ventilation" describes the need for drying
grain during its post-harvest processing. An analysis of
grain drying plants, including active ventilation plants,
common known methods for intensifying convective
drying, and methods for intensifying the grain drying
process by active ventilation has been performed. A
review of the methods for intensifying the grain drying
process using electroactivated air made it possible to
assess the prospects of using electroactivated air -
aeroions for these purposes. The problems of
realization of grain drying by active ventilation using
electroactivated air are considered. The mechanisms of
heat and moisture exchange in the grain layer during
drying are considered, and analytical models of the
mechanisms of action of electroactivated air on grain
drying are presented. A hypothesis is proposed on the
mechanism of intensification of grain drying using EAW
with cyclic supply of aeroions. The purpose and
objectives of the work are formulated.
The scientific novelty of the research results is
represented by:
- a mechanism for intensifying grain drying using EAW
with cyclic supply of aerations;
- the criterion dependence of the change in the
concentration of ions in the air when using EAV in
active ventilation installations, the criterion model of
grain drying with electro activated air and the criterion
of electro activation of the grain layer during EAV
drying;
- equations of the drying rate of the elementary grain
layer for the modes of application of the drying agent
with a constant concentration of aeroions and with
cyclic saturation of aeroions and regression equations
based on thermodynamic criteria of the drying process
of the elementary grain layer under various modes of
use of electro activated air.
Of practical importance are:
- parameters and modes of grain drying by active
ventilation using electro activated air;
- a mathematical model of the grain drying process with
electro activated air, which makes it possible to
optimize the parameters of the active ventilation
hopper to
ensure a minimum drying time using electro activated
air;
- The results of using cyclic modes of exposure to
electro activated air when drying grain with active
ventilation: the drying rate increased by 30%, the
energy intensity of the process decreased by 21%.
CONCLUSIONS
1. An analysis of the elements of technologies and
equipment used for drying grain has shown that cyclic
modes of exposure to electro activated air (EAV) with
the
recommended
maximum
permissible
concentration of aerations at the level of 3.5 • Y10m~3
can be used to intensify the process of active
ventilation.
2. A criterion dependence of the change in the
concentration of ions in the air when using EAV has
been developed in active ventilation installations, and
the process criterion model show that in order to
reduce the time
10-3 drying cycles can control the concentration of
aerations from 0 to 3.5 • 10 m and the duration of the
concentration fluctuations from 10 minutes, depending
International Journal of Management and Economics Fundamental
100
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International Journal of Management and Economics Fundamental (ISSN: 2771-2257)
on the seed culture.
3. Comparative experimental studies of grain drying
modes under cyclic exposure to electro activated air
and factor analysis of the results made it possible to
establish:
- The intensification of EAW grain drying depends on
the initial and current grain moisture, temperature and
speed of the drying agent. Thus, at an initial grain
moisture of 16%, the drying time decreases by 30% and
at an initial moisture of 24% - by 13%. At a drying agent
temperature of 20 °C, the drying time is reduced by
30% and at a temperature of 34 °C - by 66%;
- a change in the weight coefficients of the temperature
of the center and the surface of the grain by no more
than 0.2%, with a factor analysis of the grain heating
data, allows us to conclude that the change in drying
intensity when using EAV cannot be attributed to the
temperature effect on moisture exchange;
- a change in the weighting coefficients of the A
criterion by 58%, the Ko criterion
by 27%, in the factor analysis of thermodynamic criteria
for various drying modes, led to the conclusion that the
use of cyclic modes of exposure to EAW leads to
increased changes in the moisture content field in the
grain, compared with the intensity of the temperature
field.
4. The developed mathematical models with a 95%
confidence probability adequately reflect the drying
process of the elementary grain layer under various
modes of application of EAW and show that:
- the use of cyclic modes of changing the concentration
of aeroions in the drying agent with an oscillation
period of 10 minutes and an aeroion concentration
from 0 to 3.5 -1010m-3 is equivalent to an increase in
the speed of the drying agent by 2 times compared with
the classical method, and by 1.35 times compared with
the mode with a constant concentration of aeroions;
- the influence of biological reactions of grains in cyclic
mode on reducing the drying time of grain to 30% is
confirmed. This effect is equivalent to a 1.3-fold
increase in the drying agent rate.
5. An assessment of the economic efficiency of using
cyclic modes of EAV exposure to intensify grain drying
by active ventilation showed that the productivity of
the active ventilation unit increased by 30%, and the
energy intensity of the process decreased by 21%.
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