Volume 04 Issue 10-2024
136
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
10
P
AGES
:
136-142
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
As stated in the PIRLS international research scope, this study assesses the ability of fourth graders to read a variety
of texts and understand the meaning of the texts they read. A paper from of PIRLS research was chosen in Uzbekistan.
Digital PIRLS includes electronic PIRLS (ePIRLS), which assesses online reading of information in a simulated Internet
environment.
KEYWORDS
International Assessment, PIRLS, ePIRLS, Codes “8” and “9”, Texts in PIRLS Bulletin 3, African Rhinoceros and
Oxspect Birds.
INTRODUCTION
On the basis of the relevant decision of the Cabinet of
Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan1, preparation
for international studies in the field of education
quality assessment in the public education system was
started. Scientific research aimed at the development
and implementation of innovative methods of
assessment and development of students' reading,
mathematical and natural-scientific literacy, and
creative thinking related to PISA programs is being
conducted.
Evaluation of the quality of education in the public
education system of the Republic, organization of
Research Article
ASSESSMENT OF ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS IN THE INTERNATIONAL
PEARLS STUDY ON READING LITERACY ASSESSMENT OF PRIMARY
CLASS STUDENTS
Submission Date:
October 06, 2024,
Accepted Date:
October 11, 2024,
Published Date:
October 16, 2024
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijp/Volume04Issue10-23
Matyakubova Nuriya Azimbayevna
Independent researcher of Urganch State University, Trainee-teacher of the "Methodology of Primary
Education" department, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ijp
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 04 Issue 10-2024
137
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
10
P
AGES
:
136-142
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
research, establishment of international relations,
scientific research and innovation activities of the
students, first of all, creative ideas and creativity of the
young generation. Progress in International Reading
and Literacy Study (PIRLS) is an international
assessment program to assess the level of reading and
comprehension of primary 4th graders based on the
decision of the Cabinet of Ministers for the purpose of
support and encouragement. is considered The
"Roadmap" for the preparatory processes of the
participation of the Republic of Uzbekistan in
international studies has been approved, and
systematic work has been started on this basis.
Among these researches, as case studies, the National
Study on Student Literacy Assessment based on the
requirements of the PISA program, the research based
on the requirements of the TIMSS program for the
component of the quality of education within the
framework of the Human Capital Index - 2020 project,
and REDS studies can be cited as examples.
PIRLS assesses elementary school students' classroom
and extracurricular learning with two overarching
goals: artistic experience and information acquisition
and use.
LITERATURE ANALYSIS
•
State Inspection of Education Quality Control
under the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of
Uzbekistan, National Center for the Implementation of
International Research on the Evaluation of the Quality
of Education, NEWSLETTER 2021-
№3 (General a set of
tasks intended for primary school teachers and
students of secondary educational institutions) -
Tashkent - published in 2021. Published under the
general editorship of Professor U.N. Tashkenbayev,
Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences. Authors
A.A. Ismailov - Director of the National Center for the
Implementation of International Research on the
Evaluation of the Quality of Education - National
Project Manager of PISA International Research, H.J.
Daminov, K.K. Karimberdiyev, Z.Sh. Islamova.
•
This newsletter (set of assignments) was based
on the materials used in the PIRLS (The Progress in
International Reading Literacy Study) research
conducted by the International Association for the
Evaluation of Educational Achievement (International
Association for the Evaluation of Educational
Achievement).
•
Newsletter Experimental works based on the
newsletter recommended based on the decision of the
meeting of March 29, 2021 (minute no. 1) of the
Scientific Council of the State Inspection of Education
Quality Control under the Cabinet of Ministers of the
Republic of Uzbekistan were also covered in the article.
•
According to the Decree of the President of the
Republic of Uzbekistan No. 60 dated 28.01.2022, the
State Program was developed, and the following tasks
were defined in paragraphs 175-176:
•
Ensuring the participation of Uzbekistan in the
international assessment program TIMSS 2023, which
assesses the literacy of students of the 4th and 8th
grades in mathematics and natural sciences in 2023;
•
Promotion of the international program,
organization of seminars and trainings, development
of the potential of school principals and teachers;
•
Strengthening the material and technical base,
improving the quality of Internet connection and
Volume 04 Issue 10-2024
138
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
10
P
AGES
:
136-142
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
organizing research in 166 schools selected by
international organizations.
Training and professional development of personnel,
school education based on the results of studies to be
announced at the international level in 2024.
Ensuring the participation of Uzbekistan in the
international PISA 2025 research program on student
literacy assessment.
• Payment of membership fees in accordance with the
agreement with the Organization for Economic Co-
operation and Development (OECD);
• In cooperation with the
Organization for Economic
Cooperation and Development, tasks and tasks such as
organizing the pilot test of the research in 2024 and the
main tests in 2025 and developing measures aimed at
ensuring the successful participation of schools in the
research are set as priorities.
It is known that reading literacy is directly related to
people's goals for studying. When many young readers
are just beginning to read, they read mostly narrative
texts (such as stories or picture books) or texts that
provide students with information and questions
about their environment. According to the curriculum,
because reading is important for obtaining information
from books and other materials, young students are
required to develop reading literacy and read to learn.
For the first time, the 4th grade students of our country
took part in the PIRLS international assessment
program held in 2021, among about 60 countries. They
took 49th place out of 57 countries. This result was not
satisfactory for us. In order to improve the results of
this, it is necessary to strengthen the knowledge and
methods of the international evaluation program of
teachers.
The PIRLS International Assessment Program aims to
improve students' reading comprehension, new ideas,
and a broader understanding of other cultures and
countries. Assessment of student achievements is
carried out by conducting objective tests not from all
students,
but
from
students
selected
as
representatives of this layer. Also, questionnaires were
conducted among school principals, teachers,
students, and even parents, and valuable information
was collected on the factors affecting the quality of
education.
The PIRLS international study provides an international
comparison of information on the level of
development of reading comprehension skills of
primary school students, analyzes that can serve public
policy in the field of education to improve reading and
teaching. is a major international assessment program
that provides Research focuses on demonstrating
understanding of how to apply knowledge to new
projects and situations. The content of the text is
understood and the purpose of reading is achieved
only when the reader and the text interact. A key
consideration in selecting texts for the PIRLS
assessment program is to provide multiple text types
based on intended reading goals. In this, the main goal
is to create an environment similar to the study
activities conducted both in school and outside of
school for students. The reader is an active participant
in this process, observes the text and consciously
chooses effective reading strategies.
There are many definitions of reading literacy. Literacy
is the ability to understand and use all forms of written
Volume 04 Issue 10-2024
139
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
10
P
AGES
:
136-142
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
language valued by the individual and required by
society.
Reading literacy is the ability of a person to understand
texts, use them, reflect on them and react to them in
order to achieve the goal of developing his knowledge
and potential, finding his place in society. At the
beginning, in the middle and at the end of the reading
process, the student uses a set of language skills,
cognitive and metacognitive strategies, and primary
knowledge and skills in content formation.
The PIRLS assessment of elementary school students'
classroom and extracurricular learning has two
overarching goals.
Because both learning goals are equally important for
elementary students, the PIRLS program consists of
the same number of items that assess each goal. In
turn, each of these goals integrates four broad
comprehension processes. These are:
1.
FOCUSING AND FINDING CLEAR
INFORMATION
2.
DIRECT - DRAWING CORRECT CONCLUSIONS
3.
CHECKING AND ASSESSING LANGUAGE
AND TEXT ELEMENTS
4.
INTERPRETING AND HARMONIZING IDEAS
AND INFORMATION
PURPOSE OF READING
LITERACY
ENHANCE ARTISTIC
EXPERIENCE
ACQUISITION AND USE OF
INFORMATION
Volume 04 Issue 10-2024
140
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
10
P
AGES
:
136-142
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
As not all countries are ready to switch to electronic
assessment, PIRLS 2021 will be held in two formats, i.e.
digital and paper. Digital PIRLS also includes electronic
PIRLS (ePIRLS), which evaluates online reading of
information in a simulated Internet environment.
Based on this, a paper form of PIRLS research was
chosen in Uzbekistan. Students are given 40 minutes
to complete two sections or sections consisting of a set
of questions. Four options are given in the assessment.
Each four-choice question has one correct answer. A
correct answer to this type of question is evaluated
with 1 point.
The PIRLS study uses two other types of questions,
which are:
1. Multiple-choice questions for the question by the
students (usually, in this type of questions, the phrase
"check all the relevant answers" is used);
2. Questions in which the students should determine
the events described or narrated in the text in the
correct order based on the text.
Criteria for evaluation of open questions
One-point, two-point and three-point evaluation
criteria are introduced in the evaluation of open
questions.
Scoring criteria for one-point questions
Acceptable answer (1 point)
Unacceptable answer (0 points)
Scoring criteria for two-point questions
Complete understanding (2 points)
Partial understanding (1 mark)
Not understanding at all (0 points)
Criteria for evaluating three-point questions
Broad understanding (3 points)
Satisfactory understanding (2 marks)
Minimum understanding (1 mark)
Unsatisfactory understanding (0 points)
Also, unexplained answers will be scored "0". Open-
ended questions have specifics on how to code "no
answer" (no response). Two codes are defined for this:
codes "8" and "9". When assigning these codes in
cases of non-response, the following instructions
should be followed.
PIRLS3 The following texts and tasks used in the
research are given:
1. AFRICAN RHINOCEROS AND OXPEKER BIRDS
2. THE SAVIOR DOLPHIN
3. TAILOR
4. ELIGIBILITY OF CHORI
5. PEARL
6. SEARCH FOR FOOD
7. PUPPY RAISING
AFRICAN RHINOCEROS AND OXPEKER BIRDS
Based on the table, information about rhinoceros and
oxpeckers is given.
Volume 04 Issue 10-2024
141
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
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2771-2281)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
10
P
AGES
:
136-142
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
RHINOCEROS
OXSPEAKER
Rangi: kulrang
Rangi: jigarrrang
Og‘irligi: 3600 kilogramm
Og‘irligi: 0,5 kilogramm
Bo‘yi: 1,8 metr
Bo‘yi: 20 santimetr
Oziqlanishi: o‘t va barglar
Oziqlanishi: hasharotlar va
kanalar
"Rhinoceros and oxpeckers help each other. They are
very different creatures. A rhinoceros is a very large
terrestrial animal. Only an elephant is bigger than him.
And the oxpecker bird is very small. "Oxpeckers live on
rhinos." Based on the given information, they answer
the questions through an open and closed test.
CONCLUSION
The importance of the teaching process in the
development of students' learning performance in the
PIRLS international program, joint efficiency in the
organization of the teaching process, the relationship
between school staff, parents and students mutual
trust is considered a factor that serves to create a
positive learning process at school, and these factors,
in turn, create a positive learning environment.
According to the 2016 study, out of 50 countries,
Russia, Singapore, Hong Kong, Ireland and Finland had
the highest scores, while Russian and Singaporean
students had the highest reading and comprehension
scores. showed high results. Also, Russian primary
school students led the world in this criterion.
The high results of reading literacy in these countries are related to the following factors:
Availability of books and digital devices at home
Intellectual parents and their love for books
The fact that the child has learned to read and write before going to school and the
high rate of inclusion in preschool educational institutions
Volume 04 Issue 10-2024
142
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
10
P
AGES
:
136-142
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
REFERENCES
1.
Resolution No. 997 of December 8, 2018 of the
Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan
"On measures to organize international research in
the field of education quality assessment in the
public education system"
2.
Decree of the President of the Republic of
Uzbekistan "On the development strategy of New
Uzbekistan for 2022-2026", paragraphs 175-176, No.
PF-60, 28.01.2022
3.
On approval of the concept of development of the
public education system of the Republic of
Uzbekistan until 2030". Decree of the President of
the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PF-5712 of April 29,
2019.
4.
Sh. Ismailov and others. Materials of the seminar-
training on the topic "On international research in
the field of education quality assessment (in the
example of mathematics in the PISA International
Assessment Program)". Tashkent-2019.
5.
A.A. Ismailov and others. Assessment of students'
mathematical literacy in international studies
(Methodological
manual
for
mathematics
teachers, methodologists and experts in the field).
National Center for the Implementation of
International Studies on the Evaluation of the
Quality of Education under the Education
Inspectorate. - Tashkent, 2019.
6.
A.A. Ismailov and others. Newsletters designed to
prepare students for international studies
(newsletters for mathematics, natural sciences,
native
language
and
literature
teachers,
methodologists and specialists in these fields).
National Center for the Implementation of
International Research on the Evaluation of the
Quality of Education under the Inspectorate of
Education. - Tashkent, 2020.
7.
A.B. Radjiyev et al. International research program
on the assessment of student literacy. Manual.
Tashkent. National center for the implementation
of international studies on the assessment of the
quality of education. - 2019.
8.
Mullis, I.V.S, Martin. M. O. (Eds). (2017). TIMSS 2019
Assessment Frameworks. Retrieved from Boston
College, TIMSS & PIRLS International Study Center.
9.
A.A. Ismailov and others. National Center for the
Implementation of International Studies on the
Evaluation
of
the
Quality
of
Education,
NEWSLETTER 2021-
№3 for the preparation of
students for international studies (for teachers and
students of primary schools of general secondary
education institutions a set of intended tasks) -
Tashkent - 2021.
