International Journal of Pedagogics
73
https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ijp
VOLUME
Vol.05 Issue03 2025
PAGE NO.
73-75
10.37547/ijp/Volume05Issue03-21
Methodology Of Working on Literary Language Tools In
Primary School Reading Lessons
Rustamova Davlatkhon Toyirjon qizi
The Teacher of Fergana State University, Uzbekistan
Received:
23 January 2025;
Accepted:
25 February 2025;
Published:
14 March 2025
Abstract:
This article discusses the importance of developing language skills in primary school students,
emphasizing the role of narrative texts in improving both oral and written speech. It highlights the teacher's
responsibility in fostering creative and independent thinking, promoting language sensitivity, and instilling a love
and respect for the native language. The article further explores the significance of preparatory work before
reading, the development of vocabulary through text analysis, and the moral and intellectual growth that occurs
through literary education. The ultimate goal is to nurture students as well-rounded individuals who appreciate
the richness of their language and culture, and develop strong moral values.
Keywords:
Language development, narrative texts, speech culture, primary education, teacher's role, vocabulary
development, creative thinking, moral education, literary education, native language.
Introduction:
Each linguistic phenomenon has its own
place and function in speech activity. It is a requirement
of the times that students have the ability to use
language opportunities depending on the situation, to
express their thoughts, to select and use the necessary
words and sentence forms, phrases and figurative
expressions. A teacher who teaches in the mother
tongue should be a true creator, encourage students to
listen to the subject, understand it, think freely and
independently, compare, differentiate, separate and
classify, be able to convey their thoughts and ideas to
others, and control and manage the formation of skills
and qualifications. This should be formed from the
primary grades. The formation of independent and
creative thinking skills in students is directly and
indirectly related to the subject of the mother tongue,
which is considered one of the leading subjects in
school education. Native language classes should
arouse interest in learning all the beauty and magic of
the language, introduce it to its laws that cannot be
determined by any program, which should serve as the
main and most important factor in establishing a
promising education. Working on a narrative text in the
development of students' speech cultivates language
sensitivity in students, familiarizes them with the rich
means of expression of their native language. A literary
text has the ability to introduce a young reader to the
magical world of their native language. They should be
used as a means of spiritual education for students.
Forming spirituality in students not only creates an
understanding of it, but also affects the formation of
their behavior. Starting from primary education, it is
necessary to instill in students the richness of the
vocabulary, beauty, possibilities, range of expression,
magic, etc. of the mother tongue, and to instill feelings
of love and respect for the language. Instilling feelings
of love and respect for the mother tongue is an integral
part of patriotic education, both directly and indirectly.
LITERATURE ANALYSIS AND METHODOLOGY
Since the goal of primary education is to equip students
with the foundations of knowledge at the level of the
requirements of the State Standard and the curriculum,
to educate them as complete individuals, all efforts
should be directed to the implementation of this goal.
In implementing the above tasks, the narrative texts
given in the primary school “Reading Book” are of great
importance. By working on the text, students' speech is
developed, and their moral qualities are formed. The
development of students' speech culture is of great
importance in language and literary education. Because
a student who has mastered oral and written speech
well will easily and fully master all subjects, and his
desire for knowledge and innovation will increase. In
modern pedagogy, the development of students'
International Journal of Pedagogics
74
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International Journal of Pedagogics (ISSN: 2771-2281)
speech is considered an important pedagogical
problem. After all, as stated in A.Zunnunov's
"Methodology of Teaching Literature", developing
students' speech is a long-term process, and if classes
related to developing speech are not conducted
consistently and continuously, it is impossible to
achieve good, high-quality education and students'
mastery of cultural speech. Developing students'
speech through working on the text is one of the most
appropriate methods, and in this process the following
skills and qualifications are formed:
•
acquiring knowledge;
•
reading correctly, fluently and expressively;
•
thinking creatively and independently;
•
analyzing and drawing the necessary conclusions;
•
being polite;
•
mastering speech culture.
It is necessary to strive to develop students' oral and
written speech equally. Because both forms of speech
serve for the growth and improvement of each other.
These requirements are also followed when working on
the text of the work. Elementary school reading lessons
are a component of literature lessons in higher grades,
and the main type of work in them is work on the text.
The development of both oral and written speech
through working on the text of the work can be shown
on the example of texts studied in reading lessons.
Development of speech through work on the
dictionary. In this case, after reading the text, students
identify unfamiliar words in it and, with the help of the
teacher, understand them. For example, the following
vocabulary work can be carried out on the text of
“Sumalak”3 (tale) presented in the 2nd grade “Reading
Book”
(authors:
Q.Abdullaeva,
M.Yusupov,
M.Mahmudova, S.Rahmonbekova):
Seed - grain taken for sowing.
Ivitish - to put in water
Nish urmoq - to start growing
Mix - to cut into small pieces
Azan - early in the morning
Taste - to eat
Delicious food - sweet food
Bardam bel - to be healthy
Developing speech by retelling the content of the text.
In this type, students shorten and expand the content
of the text, change the images, and retell the story by
expressing their own opinions. Of course, using the
words from the text is effective when retelling. When
retelling the story "Sumalak", students should
distinguish the main points and use the words they
learned by working on the dictionary. Such a retelling
could be as follows: “Once upon a time, there was a
farmer. When spring came, he put the grain he had
taken to the seedbed into the water. The weather was
bad, and the wheat that had been soaked began to
sprout. The farmer's children were hungry. So he told
his old woman to make something from it so that the
wheat wouldn't go to waste. The old woman put the
wheat that the farmer had ground into a pot and boiled
it. When she woke up during the call to prayer and went
to get news from the pot, a wonderful smell hit her
nose. When she tasted the food in the pot, it was very
delicious. The next year, the farmer's children also ate
the same food. Thus, the tradition of cooking sumalak
was born. Sumalak became widespread among the
people and became a delicious delicacy. Sumalak is
prepared every year during the Navruz holiday. This
food helps people restore their health and become
strong.
DISCUSSION AND RESULTS
Working on a work of art is a complex process, and the
teacher's educational and educational tasks of reading
lessons require taking into account the specific features
of the work of art and the readiness of students. In a
work of art, all components are interconnected. Images
develop in the work. As events develop, the characters
are revealed more and more. These features require a
holistic approach, perception, that is, synthesis, when
working on a work. After reading the work from
beginning to end, it is analyzed, and then again a high-
quality synthesis is carried out. Before starting to read
the work, it is necessary to prepare students for reading
a work of art. So, the preparatory period gives the
process - synthesis - analysis - synthesis. In order for
students to correctly perceive the content of the work,
they need to have a certain idea of \u200b\u200blife.
For this, preparatory work is carried out. Tasks of
preparatory work. Enriching students' imaginations
about the events and phenomena reflected in the
work, providing new information that affects the
conscious perception of the text, creating conditions
for students to connect the facts described in the work
with their observations in their own lives. Introducing
the writer's life, arousing interest in the writer's life and
creativity. Preparing students for emotional perception
of the work. Explaining the lexical meanings of words
that help to understand the content of the work. The
forms of preparatory work are varied, and the teacher
selects the type of work depending on the content of
the work and the circumstances. 2-5 minutes are
allocated for the preparatory period. Excursion. This
type of work can be used when studying topics related
to the image of nature or production, construction,
urban, rural life.
International Journal of Pedagogics
75
https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ijp
International Journal of Pedagogics (ISSN: 2771-2281)
CONCLUSION
As is known, covering a qualification graduation work
has its own difficulties. We tried to achieve the plans
we set for ourselves as much as possible. After all,
children's education is mainly carried out by parents
and educators. Preschool children, who do not yet
know how to read, write, or draw, are completely
unaware of the secrets of the world. Nevertheless, they
strive to learn the secrets of the world around us as
quickly as possible. In this case, parents in the family,
educators in kindergartens, and teachers in school will
help them, that is, they will learn to read excerpts from
works of art, understand the content and essence. They
will be able to learn to read the colorful letters of the
illustrations of fiction books. Children's literature,
which is an integral part of adult literature, is also of
great importance in raising the growing younger
generation as complete people. Children's literature is
distinguished by the large and complex task it sets
before itself: to raise the future generation to be
physically strong, spiritually pure, intellectually sound,
with complete faith and conviction, with high moral
character, courageous and courageous, and patriotic.
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