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ADAPTATION POTENTIAL OF PERSONALITY IN PSYCHOLOGY
Reymov Muxamedali Kengesbayevich
1st year of Master's degree
Nukus state pedagogical institute named after Ajiniyaz
(Nukus, Republic of Karakalpakstan)
p439614@gmail.com
+998907366863
Abstract
: This article deals with the adaptation potential of personality and approaches to its study.
Key words
: Adaptation, personality, potential, psychological phenomenon, adaptation process.
Nowadays in modern psychological science the problem of adaptation is topical. A person
throughout life is constantly adapting to dynamically changing environmental conditions. The main
criterion for a successful adaptation of a worker is his successful activity in new known unknown
conditions.
The analysis of the process of development of adaptation potential of a personality provides an
opportunity to discover internal and external factors mediating the formation of adaptation potential
of a personality, which in turn determines the main stages of adaptation. Detection of the peculiarity
of the development of personal adaptive potential, the study of internal and external factors
mediating the positive growth of personal adaptive potential.
Adaptation is a continuous process of adjustment to the circumstances of the physical and social
environment, concerning all levels of life activity of the human organism and psyche.
Potential is a significant parameter for measuring personal and professional development of
everyone.
The problem of adaptation is one of the most complex global problems of modern psychology, as it
is an object of interdisciplinary research, and can be applied to various aspects of adaptation:
biological, psychological, social.
From the point of view of psychology, which studies potential as a psychological phenomenon,
potential is a process of constant self-development and aspiration to achieve the highest points of
personal professional development of a person and the realisation of creative opportunities and
abilities.
The totality of abilities and all subjective qualities of an individual that allow him/her to
successfully adapt to the surrounding conditions is the adaptation potential. The origins of the
concept of personal adaptation potential in psychology go back to the works of A.G. Maklakov, S.T.
Posokhova, D.A. Leontiev; the modern concept of adaptation is also based on the works of D.A.
Novikov, G. Sellier and others.
It is not the physical div and its functions that are subjected to adaptive changes in order to achieve
this state, but the system of social behaviour of a person, which is the peculiarity of social
adaptation. Hence, social adaptation can be defined as the process and result of establishing a
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relative mutual correspondence between the needs of the individual and the requirements of the
social environment.
A.G. Maklakov formulated the following provisions regarding personal adaptation potential:
1. Adaptation is not only a process, but also a property of any living self-regulated system, which
consists in the ability to adapt to changing conditions of the external environment. The level of
development of this property determines the interval of changes in the conditions and nature of
activity, within which adaptation is possible for a particular individual.
2. Adaptation abilities of an individual largely depend on psychological features of the personality,
which determine the possibility of adequate regulation of the functional state of the organism in
various conditions of life and activity. The more significant the adaptation abilities, the higher the
probability of normal functioning of the organism and effective activity at increasing intensity of
exposure to psychogenic factors of the environment.
3. the adaptation capabilities of an individual can be assessed by evaluating the level of development
of psychological characteristics that are most important for the regulation of mental activity and the
adaptation process. And the higher the level of development of these characteristics, the higher the
probability of successful adaptation, the greater the range of environmental factors to which an
individual can adapt. These psychological features of personality are interrelated and constitute one
of the integral characteristics of mental development of personality - personal adaptation potential.
Indicators of personal adaptation potential contain information about conformity or nonconformity
of psychological characteristics of personality to generally accepted norms.
4. The personal adaptation potential not only contains information about the degree of conformity of
the mental state to the generally accepted norms, but also allows differentiating people by the degree
of resistance to the influence of psychoemotional stressors, which makes it possible to solve the
problems of forecasting the effectiveness of activity in extreme conditions with a certain degree of
success.
According to A.G. Maklakov, psychological features of a person constitute his personal adaptation
potential, which includes the following characteristics:
1. peculiarities of building contact with others, characterising the level of personality conflict;
experience of social communication, revealing the need for communication and the possibility of
building contacts with others on the basis of available experience;
2. Nervous-psychic stability, the level of development of which determines tolerance to stress. 3;
3. feeling of social support, which determines the sense of personal significance for others. 4;
4. Self-esteem of the personality, which is the core of self-regulation and determines the degree of
adequacy of perception of activity conditions and one's abilities;
5. Moral normativity of the personality, which characterises the degree of orientation to the norms
and rules of behaviour existing in society;
6. Orientation to compliance with the requirements of the collective.
A.G. Maklakov et al. developed the method ‘Multilevel personality questionnaire’ Adaptability’ to
assess the level of development of these characteristics. This questionnaire is a standardised
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technique and is recommended for use in solving problems of psychological support of educational
and professional activities, psychological selection.
It should be noted that scientific literature often uses similar, but not similar, and narrower in
meaning concepts such as resilience, stress resistance, coping, self-control, etc. to describe the
category of adaptation.
Conclusion
: The well-being of the adaptation process is largely associated with internal factors,
certain personal properties, which can be combined under the concept of ‘personal adaptation
potential’, defined as an integral characteristic that includes a persistent set of individual-
psychological and personal properties affecting effective adaptation.
References:
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Maklakov A.G. Lichnostniy adaptasionniy potensial: yego mobilizasiya i prognozirovanie v
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Markov V.N. Lichnostno-professional'niy potensial upravlensa i yego osenka / V.N. Markov.
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Kengesbayevich, R. M. (2025, January). PSYCHOLOGICAL DEFENCES IN CHILDREN.
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