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3. Policy Interventions. Governments and international organizations must enforce policies
that protect minority rights and encourage intercultural dialogue. Legal frameworks should
penalize acts of discrimination and hate crimes.
4. Community Engagement. Local communities play a vital role in promoting tolerance
through interfaith dialogues, cultural exchange programs, and grassroots initiatives that foster
mutual respect. Tolerance is an essential principle for maintaining social harmony, protecting
human rights, and ensuring peaceful coexistence. While challenges such as extremism,
misinformation, and cultural conflicts persist, proactive efforts in education, policy-making, and
media regulation can help cultivate a culture of tolerance. As societies continue to evolve,
embracing tolerance as a core value will be crucial for sustainable development and global peace.
References
1.Allport, G. (1954). The Nature of Prejudice. Addison-Wesley.
2.Banks, J. A. (2008). Diversity and Citizenship Education: Global Perspectives. Jossey-Bass.
3.Dahl, R. A. (1998). On Democracy. Yale University Press.
4.Huntington, S. P. (1996). The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order. Simon
& Schuster.
5.Locke, J. (1689). A Letter Concerning Toleration. Awnsham Churchill.
6. Mill, J. S. (1859). On Liberty. J. W. Parker and Son.
7. Piaget, J. (1932). The Moral Judgment of the Child. Harcourt, Brace & World.
8. Sunstein, C. R. (2017). #Republic: Divided Democracy in the Age of Social Media. Princeton
University Press.
9.UNESCO. (1995). Declaration of Principles on Tolerance.
10.United Nations. (1948). Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
11.Van Dijk, T. A. (1993). Elite Discourse and Racism. Sage Publications.
INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO TEACHING ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN
LANGUAGE
Egambergenova Nurziyo Maxmud qizi,
Student of KSU
Annotation:
This study delves into the methods which are modern and more innovative for
teaching English as a foreign language (EFL), and aims to explain enthusiastic strategies for
teaching English. This research was conducted by following the stages of library research. It
examines mostly the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) , task-based learning, assignments
for students and gemification in language instruction. The article highlights how these kind of
strategies enhance student engagement, motivation and language retention. In addition, the
implementation of innovative strategies aims to prepare students to master the skills needed in
the digital and global era. Innovative and modern learning strategies are proven to provide
various benefits in the language learning process. Moreover, the research discusses challenges
such as teacher training, technological accessibility and curriculum adaptation which are faced
184
by teachers and students while learning process. The findings suggest a lot of useful approaches,
such as combining traditional and innovative methods that can significantly improve language
fluency in EFL learners.
Key words :
teaching English as a foreign language, innovative learning strategy, skill, method,
artificial intelligence, integration
In modern society foreign languages is becoming an essential component of professional
training. Experts in different fields interested in a high level of language proficiency, because it
affects the successful solution of issues and professional growth. In many areas there is a need to
establish contacts with foreign partners.[2] School would provide a basic set of knowledge that
will help to study foreign language in higher educational institutions, training courses or
independently. Today, there is a large set of training materials for people with different levels of
language knowledge.
Teaching strategies are approaches or methods that teachers use to facilitate learning and help
students achieve their learning objectives.[3]
Teaching strategies play a crucial role in the teaching and learning process and can help the
teacher achieve the learning objectives.[13]
To achieve these objectives, the strategies implemented can vary widely and can be tailored to
suit the needs and learning styles of individual students or groups. These strategies are approaches
that teachers use to facilitate student learning and make the process more effective and engaging.
Teaching strategies can help students learn by doing, preventing boredom and contributing to their
learning goals' success. [6]
According to scientific calculations of national and foreign scientists, the term “method” has
two basic meanings:
• A certain path to the goal, means to achieve the result.
• Complete methodological system and the fundamental direction of the learning process, which
prevail in the various periods of the science development. Modern stage is characterized by careful
selection of methods of foreign languages teaching. Particular emphasis today is made on modern
information technology and actual trends. There is a sort of selection of the most effective methods,
techniques and tools during the preparation of specialists in various fields.[4-5]
The most important goal, according to scientists is the formation of a secondary language
personality. Students must take a new language to a fundamentally new level. To do this, it is
important to separate it from the mother tongue, in order to avoid errors in perception. During
selection of innovative methods following criteria taken into account:
• Creating a comfortable and supportive atmosphere for student, promotion of natural interest and
desire to learn a new foreign language.
• Involvement of emotions, feelings, experiences in the educational process to stimulate verbal,
written and creative abilities.
• Use of the cognitive approach in the educational process.
• Call to work with the language on their own at the level of emotional and physical capabilities.
Various forms of work will help to achieve these goals. Practical experience allows concluding
that the personality and interests of the student directly affects the quality of foreign language
understanding. To do this, it is important to use a variety of techniques and learning tools.
185
By the end of the 20th century in pedagogy has accumulated a lot of interesting and effective
methods and approaches. Scientists have enriched the methodology of foreign languages teaching,
so it has become complex and multifaceted science.[11]
Effective teaching strategies should be based on thoroughly understanding the subject matter
and the learners themselves. Teachers should consider their students' age, ability, and learning
style, as well as the goals and objectives of the lesson. Teachers should also be innovative in
choosing the strategy that aligns with the needs and abilities of their students, and teachers can
create a more engaging and effective learning environment. Pujiati & Tamela (2019) stated that it
is important for teachers to implement innovative teaching strategies and accommodate the needs
of an inclusive classroom. Inclusivity in education is a topic that has gained a lot of attention from
the government and also educators all around the globe.[12]
Hidayah & Morganna (2019) suggested several teaching strategies be used in teaching EFL in
inclusive classrooms, such as active learning, peer-tutoring, cooperative learning, and direct
instruction. Their study also suggested that the teacher must be ready to implement many different
teaching strategies in the classroom to meet the student's needs. Teachers must also continuously
develop their pedagogical skills and knowledge to implement the strategies well.[6]
Previous studies on teaching strategies listed the type of strategies that can help the students
in the classroom along with their limitations. This study elaborates the innovative teaching
strategies that can be used to teach English as Foreign Language. This study describes the
definition of innovative teaching strategies in EFL classrooms, followed by the importance of
implementing an innovative teaching strategy. Types of innovative teaching strategies will be
presented in the last part of the article to comprehensively discuss the topic.
This study is a literature review. It means that the result and discussion of this study are made
by collecting several pieces of literature, research, and articles.[7]
The sources were carefully selected to match the current topic of discussion and were taken from
many respectable websites and journals. There were more than 30 sources collected for this study.
Those sources were then selected based on the topic of their discussion. This step was done to
select the best sources that correlate with the present study. The results of those sources were
summarized and then categorized to answer the problem of the present study. The data taken were
presented qualitatively to provide comprehensive rich, detailed, and contextualized information
about a topic, allowing researchers to better understand complex phenomena.[9]
This study covers several problems. First, the definition of innovative teaching strategies will
be discussed. The discussion is followed by discussing the importance of implementing innovative
teaching strategies. The last part of this study will discuss the type of innovative teaching strategies
for EFL and how those strategies are implemented in the classroom.
Innovative teaching strategies in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) are approaches to
language instruction that depart from traditional methods and aim to make learning more engaging,
effective, and efficient for students.[1]
One of the main goals of innovative teaching strategies is to foster a more interactive and
collaborative learning environment. The innovative teaching strategy is also expected to contribute
to developing students' language skills, as they allow students to use the language in meaningful
contexts and receive feedback from their peers and teachers.[10]
From the explanation above, it can be understood that innovative learning is a learning strategy
that is different from conventional learning. The most prominent thing that distinguishes the two
186
is that conventional learning is teacher-centered, while innovative learning is studentcentered.
Therefore, in innovative learning, students are expected to be directly involved in building their
knowledge. In addition, through innovative learning, students are also expected to be able to master
the skills needed to be able to compete in the global world, such as critical thinking skills, creative
and innovative thinking skills, communication skills, and collaboration skills. Therefore
innovative learning Strategies such as cooperative learning, problem-based learning, and project-
based learning are directed to achieve these skills. Likewise, the assessment process is also directed
to assess students' abilities in implementing the knowledge gained in real contexts in everyday life.
Thus, the assessment process is carried out with authentic assessment. This study is still limited to
a literature review aimed at explaining innovative learning strategies in the context of learning
English as a foreign language. For this reason, further research is still needed, especially to
examine how successful and what obstacles are experienced in implementing innovative learning
in the context of learning English as a foreign language in Uzbekistan.
References
1.
Ampa, Andi & Nurqalbi, Nurqalbi. (2021). Innovative Learning Strategies to Increase
Students’ Participation and Quality of English Teaching and Learning Process. Technium Social
Sciences Journal. 26. 314-325. 10.47577/tssj.v26i1.5195.
2.
Bocharova OV, Kasharnaya SM. The use of electronic textbooks in the teaching of subjects:
Guidelines for teachers of UNPO. Kurgan: IPKiPRO of Kurgan Region; 2008.
3.
Espmarker, J., & Tedenby, E. (2020). Effective Teaching Methods and Strategies in the EFL
Classroom to Facilitate Students’ Vocabulary Development
4.
Filatov VM. Methods of teaching foreign languages in primary and basic secondary school.
Rostov-on-Don: Feniks; 2004
5.
Galskova ND. Modern methods of foreign languages teaching. Moscow: ARKTI; 2003.
6.
Hayati, A., Afriani, Z., Akbarjono A. (2021). Teacher’s Teaching Strategies in EFL Class.
Jadila: Journal of Development and Innovation in Language and Literature Education.
10.52690/jadila.v1i3.126
7.
Hidayah, J., & Morganna, R. (2019). Fulfilling the needs of diverse students: teaching
strategies for EFL inclusive classrooms. Suar Betang, 14(2), 183-195.
8.
Knopf, J. W. (2006). Doing a literature review. PS: Political Science & Politics, 39(1), 127-
132.
9.
Moleong, L. J. (2018). Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif [Qualitative Research
Methodology]. PT Remaja Rosdakarya.
10.
Orlich, D. C., Harder, R. J., Callahan, R. C., Trevisan, M. S., & Brown, A. H. (2012).
Teaching strategies: A guide to effective instruction. Cengage Learning.
11.
Passov EI. Communicative method of teaching a foreign speaking. Moscow: Prosveshchenie;
1985 Fazeli SH. The role of personality traits in the choice and use of the compensation category
of English language learning strategies. Indian Journal of Science and Technology. 2012;
5(6):2938–44.
12.
Pujiati, H., & Tamela, E. (2019, March). English Teaching and Learning Strategies on Genre
Based Approach in Indonesian EFL Class: A Case Study. In Seventh International Conference on
Languages and Arts (ICLA 2018) (pp. 397-403). Atlantis Press.Seminar Proceeding (pp. 336-
342).
187
13.
Pungki & Suwartono, 2019).Pungki, Diana & Suwartono, Tono. (2019). Teacher strategies
in a large EFL classroom. 13.
PROVERB AS A GENRE OF FOLK ART
Erdonova Mokhlaroyim Akmal kizi,
Master’s student at Uzbekistan State World Languages University Tashken
Scientific advisor Professor, f.f.n Israil.M.I
Annotation.
This article is devoted to learn proverbs from various angels. Proverbs are succinct,
often metaphorical expressions of wisdom and morality, handed down through generations. They
encapsulate cultural values, social norms, and collective experiences, making them an integral
part of folk art. As a genre, proverbs serve multiple purposes: Cultural reflection, educational
tool, oral tradition and communicative function. As a folk art form, proverbs are dynamic,
adapting to changing contexts while retaining their core wisdom. Their universal appeal lies in
their ability to condense life's complexities into relatable, timeless expressions.
Key words:
wisdom, morality, cultural values, social norms, folk art, oral tradition.
Introduction
: Proverbs have been considered as a form of the most concise folklore form
but not the possibly straightforward among other verbal genres (legends, jokes, fairy tales, riddles
and tall tales) for thousand years. A proverb, derived from the Latin term "proverbium," is a widely
recognized and frequently repeated saying that conveys a complete thought. Proverbs articulate
truths rooted in common sense or the practical experiences of individuals. They have played the
primary guidance for people in terms of sharing experience, morality,wisdom in social interactions
for centuries around the whole world. One of the vital roles of proverbs is to contain everyday
observations and common experiences in formulaic form which can let them be rhetoric in both
oral and verbal language or because of their rhetorical form it is super easy to remember them in
conversations immediately. Moreover, they are the most effective form to use in daily interactions
due to their figurative style. This case has happened since preliterate times, and obviously, our
modern technological society cannot deny it either. Without any doubt, analyzing proverbs` origin
is difficult as we have no information who transformed this first and how general public used it.
Another fact why we are not apparently aware of their origin is that they were used in oral speech
first and it appears difficulty to find its source. However, according to the content, analyzing their
language and specific object, it might be possible to assume when these proverbs originated
(Hrisztova-Gotthardt & Varga, 2015, 32). Various origins of proverbs in European languages,
including English, have been found. Among the ancient classical writers, Aristotle was the pioneer
in studying proverbs. Additional references to proverbs are identified in the works of Homer, Plato,
Aristophanes, and others. Latin proverbs played a significant role in educational settings,
particularly in school translation exercises, which facilitated their dissemination into other
languages (Mieder, 2014, 13). During the Renaissance, Erasmus of Rotterdam greatly devoted to
the proliferation and study of proverbs through his work "Adagia," a collection of proverbs
accompanied by explanations and commentary. In Germany, Martin Luther's efforts were
instrumental in the spread of proverbs. He translated traditional proverbs and created a lot of
original German ancient proverbs, thereby enriching the vernacular wisdom literature.
