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Delivering constructive feedback plays a crucial role in advancing students’ oral
communication skills. Teachers can incorporate various strategies to assess students’ speaking
abilities effectively. One useful method is recording students' speeches, presentations, or
conversations, which allows them to listen to their own speech patterns and recognize areas that
require improvement. Video analysis can also be employed to help students observe their div
language, facial expressions, and articulation, fostering a more comprehensive self-assessment
process. Additionally, peer feedback sessions create an interactive learning environment where
students exchange insights and suggestions, encouraging a collaborative approach to learning. By
using structured assessment criteria such as rubrics and progress-tracking tools, students can
systematically evaluate their performance, set specific improvement goals, and work towards
refining their pronunciation, fluency, and overall speaking confidence. Regular feedback sessions
contribute to continuous learning and help students become more self-aware and motivated to
enhance their oral communication abilities.
Conclusion
Enhancing oral communication skills in a national group of students necessitates a
multifaceted approach that integrates interactive discussions, task-based learning, and
technological innovations. By creating a dynamic and engaging learning environment, educators
can facilitate meaningful speech practice and foster students’ confidence in real-world
communication. The incorporation of pronunciation drills, drama-based activities, and feedback
mechanisms further supports students in refining their articulation, fluency, and overall speaking
proficiency. As language learning continues to evolve, adapting teaching strategies to students’
cultural backgrounds and utilizing modern resources will ensure effective and sustainable skill
development. Ultimately, a well-rounded approach empowers students to express themselves with
clarity and confidence in various academic, professional, and social contexts."
References
1.
Brown H. D., Teaching by Principles: An Interactive Approach to Language Pedagogy (3rd
ed.). Pearson Education. 2007.
2.
Celce-Murcia M., Brinton D. M., Goodwin J. M., Teaching Pronunciation: A Course Book
and Reference Guide (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. 2010.
3.
Thornbury S., How to Teach Speaking. Pearson Longman. 2005.
4.
Harmer J., The Practice of English Language Teaching (4th ed.). Pearson Education. 2007.
5.
Nation I. S. P., Newton J., Teaching ESL/EFL Listening and Speaking. Routledge. 2009.
SPECIFIC FEATURES OF PROVERBS REFLECTED NATIONAL MENTALITY
Qarjawbaev Orazali Esbosin uli, Student of KSU
Scientific advisor: PhD.,associate prof. A.Toleubaeva
Abstract:
This article will explore the unique characteristics of proverbs found in both English
and Karakalpak literature. This article will conduct a thorough analysis of some proverbs that
have been transcribed by English writers, as well as some other proverbs found in Karakalpak
folk literature. Every proverb holds some kind of literary, cultural, or educational meaning; every
example will be examined in detail, and a description of the moral message of these proverbs will
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be investigated. Several proverbs written by English writers, including W. Shakespeare, G.
Chaucer, J. Milton, and A. Pope, will be examined in detail. In addition to this, some appropriate
examples of Karakalpak folk proverbs will be presented and investigated deeply in order to
provide the understandable meanings of them.
Keywords:
proverb, psychology, moral message, expressive meaning, literature, folk tale,
education, competence, mankind, analysis, and behavior.
Introduction
Since the development of languages in the history of mankind, learning and investigating
the literary peculiarities of languages has become of great importance. The semantic meaning of
the literary stylistic devices and expressive meanings of every language attracted the attention of
scholars all over the world. The linguists have been trying to examine the moral message of the
literary works, as every single literary piece of writing holds unique and peculiar educational or
cultural meaning to humans. For this reason, the specific features of proverbs should be learned in
more detail by those who would like to discover their magical impact on the general behavior of
the nation. The usage of proverbs plays an important role in both English and Karakalpak literature.
The proverbs used in the huge works of each language play an essential role in educating people
to live a sound life and make the world a better place by making good deeds. As it is said in
Karakalpak folk literature: «Naqıldı bir aytpasa, aqılsız aytpaydı, aqıllı adam sózin naqılsız
aytpaydı», the person who uses proverbs in their speech tends to be more knowledgeable than
those who do not normally utter proverbs in the purpose of expressing their ideas more effectively.
Owing to this fact, the semantic meanings and specific peculiarities of proverbs, according to the
national mentality of English and Karakapak literature, have been examined and shown in detail,
providing appropriate examples.
Main Body
The works of English writers and poets include a great deal of proverbs in order to make
people sensible and give appropriate directions for them to live a proper life. William Shakespeare
is one of the playwrights who utilized proverbs in his literary career. For instance, he employs the
proverb "Brevity is the soul of wit" in his play "Hamlet." This proverb highlights the value of
concise and intelligent speech. In psychology, an intelligent or wise person is known as someone
who does not speak a lot and only utters the most suitable, short, but effective utterance in their
speech. It emphasizes that the natural behavior of a knowledgeable person excludes very long and
useless sentences. Another brilliant proverb used by Shakespeare is «What is done is done».
Shakespeare wrote this proverb in the play "Macbeth," encouraging people to accept their past
actions as unchangeable. People are expected to summarize the mistakes in the past and try not to
repeat them again in life later. The proverb indicates the positive direction of looking at the future
in an optimistic way by understanding the practical value of drawbacks observed in the past
without caring too much. One more good illustration of the proverb may be: «Many a true word
hath been spoken in jest». It is written in the play called “King Lear”. The word “jest” means an
act performed for amusement or a joke. This implies that humor can occasionally reveal the truth.
In fact, the truth is commonly thought to be bitter and expected to be told seriously without funny
expressions. However, the proverb in the work by Shakespeare says that truth may be presented
in an amusing way, not to hurt the souls of other people. For this reason, telling every truth in a
strict position is not considered the most appropriate solution.
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Geoffrey Chaucer also used a wide range of proverbs in his literary works. In the work called
“The Canterbury tales”, different proverbs are incorporated to reflect the wisdom and values of
time. One example of those proverbs is that «Time and tide wait for no man». This proverb is
taken from the story of “The Clerk’s tale”. It emphasizes the unstoppable nature of time. The moral
message of that utterance is to show people that time is considered the most precious wealth in
life. Every person is expected to appreciate every moment of their life journey before it is too late.
And this might also explain everything that could be found or restored except for time. This fact
leads to the belief that time conservation is crucial for human beings. Another proverb in his works
is that «Love is blind». This is extracted from “The Merchant’s tale”. It suggests that love often
overlooks flaws. This means the person who loves someone does not generally care about the
mistakes or negative personality of the loved one. This may be betrayal, disrespect, or
inappropriate behavior towards the relationship. However, the lover may overlook the partner's
flaws due to their unconditional love. The next meaningful proverb is that «As good as a wink to
a blind house». It conveys that an action is pointless or unnoticed. This proverb warns people about
those who do not appreciate the hard work done for their sake. The author aims to convey that in
life, individuals should be able to distinguish between those who are honest and those who are
dishonest. Some humans do not usually notice the assistance or other important actions performed
by others and may complain all the time instead.
John Milton, in his “Paradise Lost”, used some educational proverbs for mankind. For instance,
«The childhood shows the man» implies that early habits and behavior shape a person’s character.
It tries to express that whatever the person does in childhood is about to play a central role in
forming the characteristics, behavior, and attitude for the next chapters of life. For this reason, this
proverb challenges humans to give up negative or useless habits and behavior on time and focus
on truly positive habits, which can help in life later on.
Alexander Pope’s “An Essay on Criticism” is filled with proverbial wisdom. One illustration
of the proverbs used by Pope is that «A little learning is a dangerous thing». It warns against
shallow understanding. This proverb encourages people to learn everything more thoroughly and
form competence in every sphere of life. It claims that commencing to complete something without
enough knowledge will certainly lead to failure and is considered to be dangerous for a person.
Therefore, we encourage humanity to acquire sufficient knowledge about the crucial choices we
make in life.
Karakalpak literature is also well-known for its usage of proverbs in folk literature. These
types of proverbs hold educational meaning in the process of directing people to the correct way
of life. For instance, «Qolı qıymıldaģannıń awzı qıymıldaydı» [7; p 19] means people should be
hardworking and love labor, as it is the only correct way to have a sound life with abundant goods
reached with pure work. This proverb tells people not to be lazy people who wait for everything
without taking action. Another great example of proverbs in Karakalpak folk literature is that
“Nannıń usaģı da nan” [7; p 20]. It teaches people to appreciate every tiny slice of bread, as it is
commonly thought of as the most important food in national mentality. This proverb tells mankind
not to waste any other food, not just bread. Another brilliant proverb is «Úndemegen úydey
báleden qutıladı» [7; p 21]. To some extent, its meaning is similar to that of William Shakespeare.
This proverb also emphasizes the importance of maintaining silence. In the moments of chaos, it
is useful for human beings to stay calm and silent instead of panicking and uttering useless
sentences. In these circumstances, people may process the situation and make up their mind by
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thinking and staying quiet. The next excellent example of Karakalpak proverbs is that «Jaqsılıq
jerde qalmas» [7; p 20]. This proverb encourages people to do charitable deeds as much as
possible. Because it says that every good action done by a person is their potential assistance in
the future. Owing to this fact, humans are commonly motivated to perform good actions and help
others more. One last illustration of Karakalpak proverbs is «Altın gúmis tas eken, Arpa, biyday
as eken» [7; p 20]. It is used in order to show the importance of crops, which is highly valued
among the Karakapak nationality. Given that the majority of Karakalpak people have been
peasants for many centuries, crops hold great significance for them. For this reason, people widely
use this proverb to educate their children to save the harvest instead of chasing unnecessary metals
like gold or silver. They believe that food is the source of survival, while metals cannot solve
catastrophic situations such as famine, drought, or flood. This is a unique characteristic of
Karakalpak proverbs, based on their usage and interpretation.
Conclusion
The practical value of using proverbs in both English and Karakalpak literature is of huge
importance. As a result of utilizing the educational, cultural, and more importantly, literary
proverbs, the writers and poets may educate people to live a proper life and do charitable deeds.
Ordinary readers, in turn, may develop a strong understanding of how to behave appropriately in
challenging situations. Every single proverb has its own moral message for humans and impacts
the psychology of readers. Through reading the literary works or folk tales, people can get positive
directions and summarize their mistakes in life. When a person knows a wide range of proverbs,
they are considered to be a knowledgeable person who could cope with difficult troubles. For this
reason, people should continue learning other proverbs in the works of English and Karakalpak
literature, as proverbs are appreciated as one of the fundamental and inseparable units of the
literature of mankind.
References
1. «Hamlet» by William Shakespeare (2012, The Folger Shakespeare library);
2. «Macbeth» by William Shakespeare (1993, Dover Publications, Inc.);
3. «King Lear» by William Shakespeare (2011, Broadview Press);
4. «The Canterbury tales» by Geoffrey Chaucer (2003, Penguin Publishing Group);
5. «Paradise Lost» by John Milton (2003, Hackett Publishing Company, Inc.);
6. «An essay on criticism» by Alexander Pope (2010, The Floating Press);
7. « Ádebiyat» 5-klass ushın sabaqlıq-xrestomatiya (2015, Bilim, Nókis).
8. Konisov G.U. (2024). The role of observation in linguistic typology. Zenodo.
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14270801
THE PECULIARITIES OF WORD FORMATION IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK
Qoldosheva Shohinur Oral qizi, Student of KSU
Scientific adviser: Musaev Abish Abilkazievich
Abstract:
This article explores the peculiarities of word formation in English and Uzbek, two
languages from distinct linguistic families. The study highlights major word formation processes
such as affixation, compounding, blending, reduplication, and borrowing, using examples from
literature. By comparing these methods, the research provides insights into the similarities and
