JOURNAL OF IQRO – ЖУРНАЛ ИҚРО – IQRO JURNALI – volume 15, issue 02, 2025
ISSN: 2181-4341, IMPACT FACTOR ( RESEARCH BIB ) – 7,245, SJIF – 5,431
ILMIY METODIK JURNAL
Mekhriniso Izatovna Bakayeva
Asian International University
THE IMPORTANCE OF BIOPHYSICS IN THE TRAINING OF MEDICAL
PERSONNEL
Abstract:
This article discusses the importance of biophysics in the training of medical
personnel, the main tasks of biophysics, the role of physics in medicine, the biophysical
approach to diagnostics and treatment.
Keywords:
biophysics, physiological and pathological processes, laser surgery, ultrasound,
magnetic resonance imaging, physical and chemical principles, laser radiation, spectral analysis,
electrocardiography.
Аннотация:
в данной статье рассматривается значение биофизики в подготовке
медицинских кадров, основные задачи биофизики, роль физики в медицине,
биофизический подход к диагностике и лечению.
Ключевые слова:
биофизика, физиологические и патологические процессы, лазерная
хирургия, ультразвуковое исследование, магнитно-резонансная томография, физико-
химические принципы, лазерное излучение, спектральный анализ, электрокардиография.
Introduction.
Medicine and physics are two areas that constantly surround us in our daily lives.
Every day, the influence of physics on the development of medicine is increasing, due to which
the medical industry is being modernized. This makes it possible to cure or stop and control
many diseases. The use of physics in medicine is undeniable. Indeed, any device, function or
function used by doctors to make an accurate diagnosis, from a scalpel to the most complex
devices, is made possible by achievements in the world of physics. It is worth noting that physics
has always played an important role in medicine, and at one time these two areas were a single
science.
A future doctor must know physics, because relying on physical laws allows us to study the
functioning of a living organism and explain normal physiological and pathological processes.
Physics is increasingly being introduced into medicine: laser surgery, ultrasound examination of
soft tissues, magnetic resonance imaging, X-rays, gamma scalpel operations, etc.
Main part.
Biophysics is a science that enjoys the inextricable connection of biology, physics
and chemistry, as well as medicine and mathematics. Biophysics has penetrated all areas of
medicine and is an undoubted assistant in analyzing the results.
Biophysics is a science that studies the physical properties of biological objects, as well as the
physical and physicochemical laws underlying their activity. The direct object of the study of
biophysics is living matter at various levels of its organization (from molecular to organism or
even population). Biophysics, along with biochemistry, bioorganic chemistry, molecular biology,
immunology and a number of other sciences, is included in the complex of sciences united under
the name of physical and chemical biology. The study of the processes associated with the
disruption of the human div and its vital functions is the subject of medical biophysics. Medical
biophysics is the science of physical processes and phenomena occurring in biological systems,
primarily in humans, under normal conditions and in diseases. Medical biophysics belongs to the
JOURNAL OF IQRO – ЖУРНАЛ ИҚРО – IQRO JURNALI – volume 15, issue 02, 2025
ISSN: 2181-4341, IMPACT FACTOR ( RESEARCH BIB ) – 7,245, SJIF – 5,431
ILMIY METODIK JURNAL
interdisciplinary fields of knowledge and serves as a link between fundamental biology and
medical sciences with the exact sciences.
The main tasks of medical biophysics are:
• study of the physical and physicochemical foundations of normal and pathological processes,
development of new methods of treating diseases;
• determination of physical and physicochemical indicators that can be used for objective
diagnostics of the functional state of the organism;
• study of the mechanisms of action of physical factors (ionizing radiation, light, ultrasound, etc.)
on the organism and the development of pathological processes.
Advances in medical biophysics deepen our knowledge of the mechanisms of the emergence and
development of diseases, contribute to the development of new laboratory diagnostic methods
and the improvement of treatment methods. Medical biophysics plays a significant role in the
study of the physicochemical foundations of pathology; Biophysical methods adapted to the
conditions of clinical laboratories are increasingly used for diagnostic purposes, as well as to
assess the effectiveness of treatment. Biophysical methods are used in the creation of new drugs
both at the stage of their initial selection and at the stage of elucidating the mechanism of action.
Finally, based on the methods and theoretical achievements of biophysics, new methods of
treating patients are created and traditional methods are improved. Thus, it can be called a new
direction in clinical medicine, which widely uses the achievements of biophysics.
Physicochemical medicine involves the development and application of a number of methods of
detoxification of the div based on physicochemical principles, including hemosorption,
hemodialysis, electrochemical oxidation of foreign compounds, etc.
The biophysical approach and modern research methods have made it possible to reveal some of
the mechanisms of the primary photophysical and photochemical stages of such important
processes as photosynthesis, vision, the effect of ultraviolet radiation on nucleic acids, proteins
and lipids that make up living cells, etc. It is being intensively studied, but the mechanism of
action of laser radiation on biological objects has not yet been fully revealed. The results of these
biophysical studies are increasingly being used in medical practice. For example, in the treatment
of psoriasis, furocoumarins are used that bind nucleic acids during ultraviolet irradiation of the
skin, thereby stopping the proliferation of skin cells characteristic of this disease. Knowledge of
the mechanism of the reactions that occur allows us to select the most effective furocoumarin
derivatives and use antioxidants to reduce the side (erythemal) effects of ultraviolet radiation.
The use of lasers in the treatment of wounds and ulcers based on the activation of certain enzyme
systems in tissues is promising. The possibilities of expanding the therapeutic use of
electromagnetic radiation in the microwave range are being intensively studied.
In the study of photobiological processes, along with optical spectroscopy methods, the electron
paramagnetic resonance method plays an important role, which allows direct detection of free
radicals formed as primary products of photochemical transformations of biologically important
compounds. The chemiluminescence method is of great importance in the study of free radical
processes in biological systems. It turned out that the interaction of peroxide radicals with each
other, in particular during lipid chain (peroxidation), is accompanied by chemiluminescence or
very weak. The higher the intensity of the luminescence, the more radicals are present in the
object under study.
JOURNAL OF IQRO – ЖУРНАЛ ИҚРО – IQRO JURNALI – volume 15, issue 02, 2025
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The use of physical methods along with biochemical methods (analysis of products formed
during free radical oxidation, the use of enzymes that regulate free radical processes, for example,
superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, lipoxygenase, etc.) made it possible to
determine the important role of free radical processes in the pathogenesis of a number of diseases.
In particular, cell damage under the influence of a number of intoxications, ultraviolet or ionizing
radiation, hypoxia, stress, vitamin E, selenium deficiency in food and many other conditions is
associated with the activation of the formation of free radicals. The intensification of the free
radical process of oxidation of oxygen, lipids and other substances, blood plasma lipids,
apparently, is one of the causes of the development of atherosclerosis. Activation of free radical
processes occurs under the influence of many oncogenic compounds. In malignant tumors in the
terminal stages of the disease, an increase in free radical oxidation of tissue lipids is also
characteristic. There is evidence indicating the involvement of free radical lipid oxidation in the
development of glaucoma and cataracts. The role of free radical processes in the emergence and
development of schizophrenia, epilepsy and a number of other nervous and mental diseases is
discussed.
Currently, it is relevant to study a living organism at various levels of its organization, using the
universality of physical laws and the rigor of mathematical solutions. The study of complex
macroscopic molecular systems (cells, organisms) is the task of biophysics. Control and
regulation in the organism are carried out through molecular signals, transducers and information
receptors. Biological laws are studied using physical concepts and methods. Biophysics is a
mandatory part of the general professional training of medical students and is of particular
importance as a fundamental science. Science is based on the latest achievements (physics,
chemistry, biology, etc.) and studies physical and physicochemical processes in biological
objects. The course uses knowledge of physics, mathematics, general biology, and thus acts as a
unifying science.
It is based on the use of many principles and ideas of diagnostics and research. Many modern
medical devices are physical devices by their structure. Mechanical magnitude - blood pressure
is an indicator used to assess a number of diseases. Hearing sounds originating from inside the
div allows you to obtain information about the disease or health of organs. A medical
thermometer, the operation of which is based on the thermal expansion of mercury, is a common
medical diagnostic instrument. In recent years, as a result of the development of electronic
devices, diagnostic methods based on recording biopotentials occurring in a living organism
have become widespread. The most well-known method - electrocardiography - is the recording
of biopotentials reflecting the activity of the heart. The importance of the microscope in medical
and biological research is well known. Modern medical devices based on fiber optics allow us to
see the internal cavities of the div. The method of spectral analysis is used in forensic medicine,
hygiene, pharmacology and biology. The achievements of atomic and nuclear physics have led to
the development of quite popular diagnostic methods: X-ray diagnostics and targeted atom
methods.
Conclusion.
In modern medicine, physical and physicochemical methods of studying biological
objects are widely used. High-quality medical education should be fundamental. In our opinion,
increasing the level of fundamentality of medical education should be associated not only with
teaching biophysics at a high scientific level, but also with the well-equipped physics
laboratories with modern medical equipment. It is known that a number of physiological
processes in the human div are based on general physical laws. Along with treatment methods,
many diagnostic methods are also based on the application of physical principles, the use of
physical phenomena and processes. Most medical devices are physical devices by design.
JOURNAL OF IQRO – ЖУРНАЛ ИҚРО – IQRO JURNALI – volume 15, issue 02, 2025
ISSN: 2181-4341, IMPACT FACTOR ( RESEARCH BIB ) – 7,245, SJIF – 5,431
ILMIY METODIK JURNAL
Medicine uses the results of theoretical and experimental achievements of physics. Thus, physics
is very important for medicine in general, as well as for the formation of future doctors.
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