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MUSICAL PEDAGOGICAL SKILLS AND ITS PLACE IN EDUCATIONAL
INSTITUTIONS
Karimova Dildora Anvarovna
Associate Professor of Tashkent State Pedagogical
University named after Nizami
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15165154
The changes being made in the education system of independent
Uzbekistan are, of course, important in preparing the younger generation for the
future of the country. Improving the quality of education, arming young people
with modern knowledge and developing their critical thinking skills are one of
the most urgent tasks today.
The Law "On Education", adopted in 2020, has strengthened the legal basis
for reforms in the field of education and paved the way for innovations in all
aspects of the education system. The changes being made in the education
system of independent Uzbekistan are, of course, important in preparing the
younger generation for the future of the country. Improving the quality of
education, arming young people with modern knowledge and developing their
critical thinking skills are one of the most urgent tasks today.
The Law "On Education", adopted in 2020, has strengthened the legal basis
for reforms in the field of education and paved the way for innovations in all
aspects of the education system. This law aims to make educational processes
more democratic and transparent, take into account the individual needs of
students, and improve the quality of pedagogical activities.
Providing young people with knowledge and skills at the level of modern
requirements, encouraging them to think creatively, and directing them to a
sense of social responsibility is the task of every specialist. It is also important to
develop independent thinking and critical decision-making skills in young
people, as well as to encourage them to come up with innovative ideas. Thus,
today's reforms in the field of education serve not only to impart theoretical
knowledge, but also to develop practical skills. This, in turn, will be a key factor
in preparing responsible and resourceful specialists for the future of our
country. This law aims to make educational processes more democratic and
transparent, take into account the individual needs of students, and improve the
quality of pedagogical activity. Providing young people with knowledge and
skills at the level of modern requirements, encouraging them to think creatively,
and directing them to a sense of social responsibility is the task of every
specialist. It is also important to develop independent thinking and critical
decision-making skills in young people, as well as to encourage them to come up
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with innovative ideas. Thus, today's reforms in the field of education serve not
only to impart theoretical knowledge, but also to develop practical skills. This, in
turn, will be a key factor in preparing responsible and resourceful specialists for
the future of our country.
It is aimed at forming a new generation of personnel, prepared on the basis
of world-class achievements in the education system and possessing high
general and professional culture, creative and social activity, the ability to
independently set goals in socio-political life, capable of promoting and solving
future tasks.
A start has been made to ensure a high quality indicator of the effectiveness
of education, to improve the content of education on the basis of State
Educational Standards. Monitoring is being carried out at the school, district,
city, and republican levels to apply State Educational Standards in all academic
subjects in the educational process and determine the compliance of the
knowledge mastered by students with these standards at the end of the
academic year.
As envisaged in the national program, the provision of information to the
educational process is being developed on the basis of modern information
technologies and computer networks. The publishing base of science and
education is being developed. Educational - methodological, scientific,
innovative, modern technologies are being improved and implemented in the
educational process.
As is known, the subject of didactics is teaching, learning, and educational
content. The three components involved in this are inextricably linked, and none
of them can be ignored.
When we start with learning or teaching, the question naturally arises of
what (what content of educational material) we want to learn or teach.
Both teaching and learning and their final result depend on the content of
education.
Since it is accepted to master texts of various contents in specific ways, the
nature of teaching depends on its content, which depends on the organizer of
learning, that is, the teacher.
In short, didactic thinking means searching for and identifying constant
connections and relationships between learning, teaching, and educational
content.
The teacher seeks ways, methods and styles, teaching forms, methods and
situations that activate students, are convenient for him and the student, and,
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relying on modern pedagogical technology, increases the effectiveness of the
educational process. By teaching students to think independently, he achieves
high quality and efficiency of the educational process.
For this reason, pedagogical technology, didactic technology, educational
technologies are considered the most effective tools in the educational process.
They are widely used in world pedagogical practice.
The most urgent issue and task today is the implementation of educational
standards in the educational process.
If this task is not implemented, the issues of achieving quality and efficiency
in the field of education and upbringing, improving the educational process will
remain unresolved.
- Pedagogical technology currently forms the basis of all pedagogical
professions and professions related to the organization, management, and
control of the educational process. All educators should be aware of modern
pedagogical technologies. As the content, goals, and objectives of education and
upbringing expand over time, its forms and methods are also improving.
Currently, the main areas of human activity are turning into a holistic system,
that is, technologies, that allow the full implementation of the goals set by this
activity. Similarly, in the field of education, pedagogical technology has begun to
be used in recent years.
The concept of pedagogical technology emerged in the 20th century and has
been going through various stages of development.
From the mid-1950s to the 1960s, the term "educational technology" was
used, which meant programmed education.
In the 1970s, the term "pedagogical technology" was used, which meant a
previously designed and clearly defined educational process that guarantees the
achievement of specific goals.
Since the beginning of the 1980s, pedagogical technology has been used to
refer to the creation of computer and information technologies in education.
Definitions of pedagogical technology:
"Pedagogical technology is the activity of forming a well-rounded person."
At the same time, taking into account that pedagogical technology is a broad
and multifaceted concept, we can give several more definitions of it:
Pedagogical technology consists of the process of learning to master
information, use it in practice, and create new information by discovering new
meanings and contents in it and various connections between information.
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Pedagogical technology is a set of educational methods, methods, ways and
educational tools; it is a set of organizational and methodological tools of the
pedagogical process.
Pedagogical technology is a systematic method of creating, applying and
defining the entire process of teaching and learning, taking into account
technical resources and human relationships, which sets itself the task of
optimizing forms of education.
Pedagogical technology is the process of transmitting and mastering
information in a form and method convenient for mastering.
Thus, pedagogical technology consists of the activity of influencing a person
(a learner) for a predetermined purpose.
Pedagogical technology is a process that guarantees the training of a
student to independently study, acquire knowledge, and think.
In the process of pedagogical technology, a student independently receives,
learns, and masters knowledge under the guidance of a teacher.
Based on the principles of democratization, individualization of education,
and taking into account regional characteristics, a teaching concept has been
developed for all subjects, including music. The subject of musical culture serves
to form the spiritual, artistic and moral culture of students, to implement the
education of national pride and patriotism, to develop creative skills, refinement
and artistic taste, to expand the scope of thought, to educate independence and
initiative. The subject of musical culture is connected with all subjects taught in
general secondary schools, including literature, fine arts, physical education,
labor and other subjects. The introduction of DTS in music education, along with
all subjects, allows for the full use of national musical heritage. These are
reflected in practical folk melodies and songs, the creative activities of singers
and musicians. Maqom, shashmakom epics and today's modern music. Such
opportunities of musical art serve as a unique and unique source in the
upbringing of the new generation, their harmonious development. From time
immemorial, the pedagogy of music education and upbringing has been
improving on the example of the East, including the Uzbek, and its excellent
traditions of teacher and student. State educational standards standardize the
study of the elementary foundations of mass folk music pedagogy, professional
music creators, music performers (musicians, singers), great singers,
maqomists, and dostoniks. The new educational content based on the State
Educational Standards in music education, along with the musical knowledge
and skills of students, ensures the development of such qualities as observation,
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memory strengthening, figurative imagination, creativity, independence,
initiative, artistic and musical taste. The new content of musical culture
education involves raising the younger generation to the level of a cultured
person who can inherit our national musical heritage, who can perceive the
universal, riches of music. The main goal is for students to study the art of music
with all its grace, to engage in mass musical activities: artistic perception of
music, singing individually and in groups, dancing, and the formation of creative
skills. In addition, the main task of music education is to develop students'
musical talent, increase love and passion for the art of music, create the
necessary conditions for the development of the talent of students interested in
the art of music, and satisfy their artistic needs. At the same time, in-depth study
of the universal musical values of the peoples of the world ensures that the
younger generation enjoys cultural masterpieces that have a tendency to
international influence.
The development of society never stops, its wheel always turns forward,
this is a natural, historical process. Therefore, a teacher of musical culture
should systematically form students' spiritual, artistic and moral culture,
educate national pride and patriotism, cultivate creative skills, refinement,
artistic taste, expand the circle of thought, and form independence and initiative.
We know that pedagogy, as a science of education, involves understanding the
essence of education, revealing its laws and thereby influencing the educational
process of human interests.
The first of the pedagogical skills of a teacher of musical culture should be
to study the translations gained in the field of education. This, of course, will
help in solving many problems.
Along with the experience of advanced teachers, the activities of ordinary
teachers are also studied. Because the problem in the process of studying
experiences is to identify achievements and shortcomings. In this, observation,
interviewing, questionnaires, studying students' written and creative works,
pedagogical documents are used, for example: during observation, a pedagogical
phenomenon to be studied is recorded with a specific purpose. This process is
carried out on the basis of a clear plan.
The interview is conducted to clarify the materials collected during the
collection of facts - evidence or observation. "The interview is used as an
independent or auxiliary method."
Questionnaires are carried out to collect material. A skilled teacher, like all
students, must study school documents. This includes being aware of the
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personal files of teachers, methodologist's reports, diaries, meeting minutes. He
also conducts extracurricular music club activities. For example: In ancient
Greece, it was believed that wisdom and courage can be cultivated with the help
of music. In fact, every art has a spiritual effect on a person. Music has a great
power in emotional influence. Therefore, music is widely used in many countries
in many areas.
In the current theory and practice of school activities, there are many
options for implementing new ways of implementing and conducting the
educational process. Each author and practitioner adds his own individual
contribution to the pedagogical process. However, many new technologies have
enough similarities in their goals, content, methods and means of application
that they are classified according to these common features.
- by the level of application;
- by the philosophical basis;
- by the main developing factor;
- by the concept of mastery;
- by the orientation towards the qualities of a personal character
- by the characteristics of the content;
- by the type of management;
- by the approach to the child;
- by the most commonly used methods;
- by the categories of learners.
Based on the above classification, as an example, the current traditional
school education can be classified as follows.
- by the level of application: general pedagogical;
- by the philosophical basis; compulsory pedagogy
- (general compulsory education)
- by the main developmental factor: the main focus is on educating well-
rounded people who are active members of society; at the same time, attention
is paid to the all-round development of the individual;
- by the concept of mastery; associative - reflective, relying on (example,
example, role model).
- by orientation according to the qualities of the individual, informative, that
is, aimed at the formation and strengthening of knowledge, skills, abilities;
- by content characteristics: secular, technocratic, in the content of general
education, didactics is given a central place in the organization and conduct of
the educational process;
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- by type of management: traditional-classical (classical), with the addition
of technical means of education;
- by approach to the child: authoritarian;
- by the most commonly used methods: explanatory-illustrative;
- by the categories of learners: mass.
At the same time, the development of society in individual countries and in
the world as a whole has created new pedagogical technologies based on a
humanistic philosophical basis.
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Наука и технология в современном мире, 2(7), 47-49.
2. Karimova, D. A. (2023). Musiqa o’qitish metodikasi: boshlang’ich sinflarda
musiqa tinglash faoliyati. Science and Education, 4(3), 389-394.
3. Karimova, D. A. (2023). Musiqa o’qitish metodikasi: boshlang’ich sinflarda
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47.
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