INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN SCIENCE
International scientific-online conference
19
PREVALENCE AND STRUCTURE OF STATODYNAMIC DISORDERS
IN ELDERLY PATIENTS
Parmanov Oybek Khudoinazarovich
Bukhara State Medical Institute
THE THESIS
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15195052
The purpose of the study.
To study the prevalence and structure of
statodynamic disorders in elderly patients according to the data of treatment
and hospitalization in a neurological clinic.
Materials and methods:
1,450
elderly patients, of whom 641 (44.2%) patients had locomotor syndrome
(complaints of balance disorders, gait, coordination of movements, trembling
and hyperkinesis) (Fig.3.1). The average age of patients with SDN was 68.5±9.3
years.
Relevance.
According to statistics from the World Health Organization
(WHO), in 2020 the number of people over the age of 60 was more than 1 billion,
and by 2050 this figure will double. As patients age, there is a significant
increase in the risk of developing static-dynamic disorders, which leads to a
deterioration in the quality of life of the elderly. Balance and gait disorders lead
to an increased number of falls, injuries, disability, and frequent hospitalizations
in the older age group, making this a public health issue (Smith et al., 2020; Maki
et al., 2021). In old age, static-dynamic disorders are the result of many factors,
including changes in the muscular and nervous systems, age-related changes in
the cardiovascular system, as well as the presence of concomitant diseases such
as chronic myocardial ischemia, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus, which
makes the diagnosis and treatment of this pathology a difficult task (Tinetti,
2019; Shumway-Cook et al., 2017).
Materials and methods:
1,450 elderly patients, of whom 641 (44.2%)
patients had locomotor syndrome (complaints of balance disorders, gait,
coordination of movements, trembling and hyperkinesis). The average age of
patients with SDN was 68.5±9.3 years.
Results:
As mentioned at the 1st stage
of the study, a continuous cohort
study was conducted, from January 2019 to December 2023. During this period,
1,450 elderly patients were admitted to the Central Regional Hospital (CB) in
Navoi, of which 641 (44.2%) patients had locomotor syndrome (complaints of
balance disorders, gait, coordination of movements, trembling and hyperkinesis)
(Fig.3.1). The average age of patients with SDN was 68.5±9.3 years.
Decreased motor activity occurs in 42.3% of patients and is associated with
the development of general weakness, as well as cognitive disorders
INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN SCIENCE
International scientific-online conference
20
characteristic of CHEM. Impaired coordination of movements was detected in
35.6% of patients, which indicates damage to motor functions, especially in
older people. Tremor and other hyperkinesis occur in 27.4% of patients, which
may be associated with neurodegenerative processes that complicate CIM. Two
or more types of locomotor disorders were often found in combination in one
patient. 641 patients with DMD were divided into stages of CHEM as follows:
stage 1 — 45 people (7.0%), stage 2 — 369 people (57.5%), stage 3 — 227
people (35.4%).
The following methods were used to assess balance and gait disorders: The
Balance Disorder test, which includes a test for the ability to stand on one leg
and other functional tests. Gait assessment using the Tinetti scale, which is used
to measure the degree of walking disorders. No static-dynamic disorders were
registered in the group with stage 1 of CHEM. In patients with stage 2 CHEM,
balance disorders occurred in 53.4% of men and 51.5% of women. In the group
of patients with stage 3 CIM, these disorders were more pronounced, occurring
in 76.1% of men and 68.7% of women. Gait problems are observed in 34.6% of
all patients, with the most pronounced disorders in the group with stage 3 CIM,
where gait disorders were detected in 52.4% of patients. In the group with stage
2 CIM, these disorders occurred in 28.9% of patients, which is lower than in the
group with stage 3. Gait disorder was not observed in patients with stage 1 CIM.
Gait problems were found in 32.1% and 55.2% of men with stage 2 and 3 CHD,
respectively, and in 31.7% and 47.3% of women.
The results of the study showed that chemical therapy of various stages has
a significant effect on the severity of balance and gait disorders in patients. No
static-dynamic disorders were detected in patients with stage 1 of CHEM, which
may indicate that the manifestations of the disease are inconspicuous in the
early stages. On the contrary, in the later stages of the disease, especially in stage
3, gait and balance disorders become pronounced and significantly impair the
ability of patients to move independently.
The identified gait and balance disorders in patients with stages 2 and 3
CIM may be associated with the progression of ischemia, which leads to
impaired motor function and cognitive abilities. These disorders increase the
risk of falls and injuries, especially in elderly patients, which requires special
attention in treatment and rehabilitation.
Conclusion: Thus, statodynamic disorders are frequent and significant in
elderly patients, especially those with chronic cerebral ischemia. These include
balance, gait, and movement coordination disorders. Concomitant diseases such
INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN SCIENCE
International scientific-online conference
21
as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular diseases play a key role in
the development of these disorders. The results of the study emphasize the
importance of early diagnosis and correction of concomitant diseases in order to
prevent and minimize static-dynamic disorders in elderly patients with CIM.
References:
1. Zaitseva, O.V. Meniere's disease: clinical and diagnostic criteria, therapeutic
tactics / O.V. Zaitseva // Attending physician. - 2013. - No. 9. - P. 10.
2. Zakharov, V.V. Differential diagnosis and treatment of cognitive impairment /
V.V. Zakharov, N.V. Vakhnina // Russian Breast Cancer, 2013, No. 10, p. 518.
3. Healthcare in Russia. 2017: Statistical collection /FSGS. (Rosstat). Moscow:
B.I., 2017. 170 p.
4. Isakova, E.V., Romanova, M.V., Kotov, S.V. Differential diagnosis of the
symptom of "vertigo" in patients with cerebral stroke / E.V. Isakova, M.V.
Romanova, S.V. Kotov // Russian Medical Journal, 2014, vol. 22, No. 16, pp.
1200-1205.
5. Iskra, D.A. Features of pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of post-
traumatic headache (lecture) / D.A. Iskra, S.V. Lobzin, A.S. Lobzina // Bulletin of
the I. I. Mechnikov Northwestern State Medical University. - 2016. - Vol. 8. - No.
4. - pp. 113-117.
6. Kamchatnov, P.R. Chronic cerebrovascular diseases: possibilities of therapy /
P.R. Kamchatnov, A.V. Chugunov, Z.Kh. Osmayeva, D.P. Minaev // Consilium
Medicum. - 2019. - Vol. 21. No. 2. - pp. 102-107.
7. Clinical recommendations "Mild traumatic brain injury" // Approved at the
XXXXIII Plenum of the Board of the Association of Neurosurgeons of Russia, a
team of authors. - St. Petersburg: 2016 - 23 p.
8.
Komantsev,
V.N.
Methodological
foundations
of
clinical
electroneuromyography. A guide for doctors / V.N. Komantsev, V.A. Zabolotnykh
- St. Petersburg, 2001. 89 p.
9. Levin, O.S. Walking disorders: mechanisms, classification, principles of
diagnosis and treatment. In: Extrapyramidal disorders / Edited by V.N. Shtok
and others // Moscow: Med-press-inform. 2002. pp. 473-494.
10. Levin, O.S. Clinical and instrumental analysis of walking and postural
instability in Parkinson's disease / O.S. Levin, H.A. Yunishchenko, D.V. Skvortsov
// In collection: Modern Technologies of restorative medicine: Proceedings of
the VII International Conference, Sochi, 2004, pp. 388-390.
11. Litvinenko, I.V. Parkinson's disease / I.V. Litvinenko, Moscow: Miklos, 2006,
216 p.
