JME ISSN: 2751-1707
VOLUME04 ISSUE06
12
ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT AND ATTRACTING INVESTMENTS
Dmitriy Sorokin
Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Uzbekistan
AB O U T ART I CL E
Key words:
Model, management, investment,
direct investment, state, efficiency, economic
priority,
finance,
economic
growth,
transformation, reforms, management activities.
Received:
11.06.2024
Accepted
: 16.06.2024
Published
: 21.06.2024
Abstract:
This article is devoted to management
activities and the problem of attracting foreign
direct investment. Along with management issues
in the economy, the main tasks are considered, the
solution of which can be introduced into the
process of economic development of the Uzbek
economic model. In many ways, the successful
development of the economy depends on the plans
and strategies of action. A review of research
works showed that deep socio-economic
transformation in the economy should be realized.
INTRODUCTION
Since the mid-1980s, there has been a rapid increase in investment flows, mainly
foreign direct investment[1]. The volume of current foreign direct investment in the world ranges from
650 to 700 billion US dollars annually. It should be noted, however, that competition among developing
countries in attracting foreign investment has intensified significantly in recent years. First of all, the
influence of globalization on the world economy is affecting, which, on the one hand, contributed to a
significant change in the direction of capital movement towards developed countries, and on the other
hand, the emergence of modern banking technologies contributes to the widespread spread of
speculative forms of capital movement to the detriment of long-term investments, which, in turn,
destabilizes the global financial system and has already contributed to several global financial crises
and shocks. Thus, the share of foreign direct investment, which accounts for all African countries, has
decreased significantly over the past 30 years and currently amounts to only 3% of the total volume of
global foreign direct investment.
It should be noted that regions that are classified as developing markets are characterized by a high
need for investment resources for socio-economic development. The difficulty in solving this problem
lies in the limited possibilities of domestic government savings, in the inability of both national and
foreign investors to compensate for the lack of investment in the real sector of the economy due to the
low profitability of enterprises and, most importantly, the high degree of risk. Therefore, targeted
efforts by government agencies are needed to develop new investment policies in the countries of this
VOLUME04 ISSUE06
https://doi.org/10.55640/jme-04-06-03
Pages: 12-14
JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT AND ECONOMICS
ISSN: 2751-1707
VOLUME04 ISSUE06
13
region. Investment policy determines the specifics of the directions and means of regulating the
admission of foreign investments into the host economy, as well as forms of stimulating their attraction.
As world experience shows, the unification of individual states' efforts within the framework of a
regional integration group contributes to the development of the activity of foreign investors. The
problem of intensifying investment activity in some regions is systemic and affects all sectors of the
region’s economy. This has necessitated the search f
or new approaches to government stimulation of
investment activity that adequately reflect and take into account the market mechanism of its
functioning, as well as modern realities of administrative management.
This problem is caused by the fact that currently there is no holistic theory of effective management of
investment activities at various levels of macroeconomics (regional, national) and, accordingly, there is
a need to develop its components. Issues of intensifying investment processes are identified and
discussed in the scientific literature, primarily at the micro level. The task of increasing investment
activity in the region and in individual countries cannot be solved by simply increasing government
intervention. We should be talking about creating a favorable climate for foreign investors, helping to
accelerate the effective transformation of savings into investments. Studying theoretical developments
and practical experience in the field of investment processes in developing regions can be useful in
terms of overcoming shortcomings in stimulating investment activity, both at the level of the integration
group and in individual countries.
A necessary condition for using certain characteristics to classify investments as property assets is the
existence of these characteristics before the time of investment (that is, they should not be determined
by the peculiarities of the investment process or the further use of capital). Depending on the subject
(type of property assets), investments are divided primarily into monetary and non-monetary. The
possibility of making investments in both monetary and non-monetary form creates a potential conflict
of interests between the investor and the recipient of the investment (recipient): although under
optimal conditions both parties strive to achieve a mutually beneficial economic result, monetary
investments are more beneficial for the recipient than for the investor, non-monetary ones - vice versa.
For an investor, investing in cash means spending money on acquiring property characterized by less
liquidity - real estate, equipment, intellectual property, financial assets, etc. In addition, the possibilities
for alternative use of capital in monetary form are higher than in non-monetary form. For the recipient,
monetary investments increase its liquidity and, therefore, are the most attractive from the point of
view of both its own interests and the interests of its creditors.
Depending on the form of ownership, investments such as property assets can be state, communal, or
private. The general features of state and municipal investments are associated with the belonging of
the corresponding forms of ownership to public forms. Such features include implementation in the
public interest; connection with the budget process; the predominantly competitive basis for selecting
investment projects; special mechanisms to control intended use; and special restrictions on the
direction of investment of these investments.
In our opinion, the main criteria for classifying investments as operations are: investment object;
investment period; and purpose of investment. Depending on the object of investment, the economic
literature traditionally distinguishes between real (capital, capital-forming) and financial investments.
Real investments are capital investments in the reproduction of fixed assets, innovative intangible
assets and other investment objects related to the implementation of operating activities or improving
the working conditions of personnel. Financial investments characterize the investment of capital in
various financial investment instruments, mainly in securities to generate income.
JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT AND ECONOMICS
ISSN: 2751-1707
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