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Шығармада көркемлик бояўға ийе емес, улыўма қолланылыўшы сөзлер сыяқлы
окказионализмлер көплеп қолланылған. Мысалы: Алакөз өзине
наисеним
көзлерин
тиккенине Генжемураттың ашыўы келди («Түсиниксизлер»). Хийўа болса әлем қуяшы
Мәкке-Мәдийнеден
бәҳәрленеди
... («Маман бий әпсанасы»). Ийшаным, сизиң тилиңиз
бенен айтқанда, қудайталаға, ханға қарсы ишинде сыр бүккен адам гүнәкар,
кеселбент
болады («Бахытсызлар»).
Окказионализмлер ҳәр қандай жағдайда да жазыўшының өз ой-пикирин, сезимин
толық сүўретлеўге хызмет етеди. Сүўретленип атырған предмет, ўақыя, қубылыс, адамның
унамлы ҳәм унамсыз қәсийетлерин ашып бериў ушын сөзликлерде бар сөзлердиң
имканияты болмағанда, бул ўазыйпаны орынлаў окказионализмлерге жүкленеди.
Солай
етип,
Т.Қайыпбергеновтың
шығармаларындағы
окказионализмлер
жазыўшының тилине тән жаңа сөзлер болып есапланады. Окказионализмлерди үйрениў
талап етиледи, себеби олардың мәнисин түсиниў, қалай жасалғанын анықлаў ҳәм тексттеги
стилистикалық хызметин ашып көрсетиў үлкен қызығыўшылық туўдырады.
ПАЙДАЛАНЫЛҒАН ӘДЕБИЯТЛАР:
1.
Ахманова О.С.
Словарь лингвистических терминов. М., 1966, 95-бет.
2.
Болотов В.И.
Структура окказионализмов и их функции в тексте // Актуальные проблемы
русского словообразования. Самарканд, 1982, 246-бет.
3.
Лыков А.Г.
Окказиональное слово – как лексическая единица речи // Филологические
науки. 1971, №5, 78-бет.
THE ROLE OF PUBLICISTIC STYLE IN PRESS
Bazarbaeva T., BA student of Karakalpak state university
The publicistic style of language became discernible as a separate style in the middle of the
18th century, ll falls into three varieties, each having its own distinctive features. Unlike other
styles, the publicistic style has spoken varieties, in particular, the oratorical substyle. The
development of radio and television has brought into being another new spoken variety, namely,
the radio and TV commentary. The other two substyles are the essay (moral, philosophical,
literary) and. journalistic articles (political, social, and economic) in newspapers, journals and
magazines. Book reviews in journals, newspapers and magazines and also pamphlets are generally
included among essays. The general aim of publicistic style, which makes it stand out as a separate
style, is to exert a constant and deep influence on public opinion, to convince the reader or the
listener that the interpretation given by the writer or the speaker is the only correct one and to cause
him to accept the point of view expressed in the speech, essay or article not merely through logical
argumentation but through emotional appeal as well. This brainwashing function is most effective
in oratory, for here the most powerful instrument of persuasion, the human voice, is brought into
play [44, 100].
Due to its characteristic combination of logical argumentation and emotional appeal,
publicistic style has features in common with the style of scientific prose, on the one hand, and
that of emotive prose, on the other. Its coherent and logical syntactical structure, with an expanded
system of connectives and its careful paragraphing, makes it similar to scientific prose. Its
emotional appeal is generally achieved by the use of words with emotive meaning, the use of
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imagery and other stylistic devices as in emotive prose; but the stylistic devices used in publicistic
style are not fresh or genuine. The individual element essential to the belles-lettres style is, as a
rule, little in evidence here. This is in keeping with the general character of the style.
Further, publicistic style is characterized by brevity of expression. In some varieties of this
style it becomes a leading feature, an important linguistic means. In essays brevity sometimes
becomes epigrammatic.
Irrespective of the character of the magazine and the divergence of subject matter – whether
it is political, literary, popular-scientific or satirical, all the features of publicistic style are to be
found in any article. The character of the magazine as well as the subject chosen affects the choice
and use of stylistic devices. Words of emotive meaning, for example, are few, if any, in popular
scientific articles. Their exposition is more consistent and the system of connectives more
expanded than, say, in a satirical article. The language of political magazine articles differs little
from that of newspaper articles. But such elements of publicistic style as rare and bookish words,
neologisms (which sometimes require explanation in the text), traditional word-combinations and
parenthesis are more frequent here than in newspaper articles [13, 200].
In an article dealing with what were forthcoming presidential elections in the USA, which it
is impossible to quote here because of its length, we find such bookish words as ambivalent,
exhilarated, appalled\ etc. Its argumentation and emotional appeal is achieved by emphatic
constructions of different kinds: 'how dim the outlook for victory was', 'it could well have been,
though’, 'he is at once exhilarated and appalled'. Humorous effect is produced by the use of words
and phrases which normally are out of the range of this soil of article: melancholy, graciously,
extending his best wishes and by periphrases. Literary reviews stand closer to H. Robbins and R.
Oliver. Developing Ideas into Assays and Speeches. More abstract words of logical meaning are
used in them, they often resort to emotional language and less frequently to traditional set
expressions.
Phonetic features (in oratory)
Standard pronunciation, wide use of prosody as a means of conveying the sut; shades of
meaning, overtones and emotions [36, 111].
Phonetic compression.
Morphological featuresFrequent use of non-finite verb forms, such as gerund, participle,
infinitive.
Use of non-perfect verb forms.
Omission of articles, link verbs, auxiliaries, pronouns, especially in headlines and news
items [36, 112].
Syntactical features
Frequent use of rhetorical questions and interrogatives in oratory speech.
In headlines: use of impersonal sentences, elliptical constructions, interrogative sentences,
infinitive complexes and attributive groups.
In news items and articles: news items comprise one or two, rarely three, sentences.
Absence of complex coordination with chain of subordinate clauses and a number of
conjunctions.
Prepositional phrases are used much more than synonymous gerundial Phrases [36,
118].
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Absence of exclamatory sentences, break-in-the narrative, other expressively charged
constructions.
Articles demonstrate more syntactical organization and logical ar-rangement of sentences.
Lexical features
Newspaper cliches and set phrases.
Terminological variety: scientific, sports, poetical, technical, etc.
Abbreviations and acronyms.
Numerous proper names, toponyms, anthroponyms, names of enter-prises, institutions,
international words, dates and figures.
Abstract notion words, elevated and bookish words.
In headlines: frequent use of pun, violated phraseology, vivid stylistic devices.
In oratory speech: words of elevated and bookish character, colloquial words and phrases,
frequent use of such stylistic devices as metaphor, alliteration, allusion, irony, etc. [36, 121].
Use of conventional forms of address and trite phases.
Compositional features
Text arrangement is marked by precision, logic and expressive power [36, 132].
Carefully selected vocabulary.
Variety of topics.
Wide use of quotations, direct speech and represented speech.
Use of parallel constructions throughout the text.
In oratory: simplicity of structural expression, clarity of message, argumentative power.
In headlines: use of devices to arrest attention: rhyme, pun, puzzle, high degree of
compression, graphical means. In news items and articles: strict arrangement of titles and subtitles,
emphasis on the headline.
Careful subdivision into paragraphs, clearly defined position of the sections of an article: the
most important information is carried in the opening paragraph; often in the first sentence.
REFERENCES:
1.
Карасик В.И. Языковой круг: личность, концепты, дискурс. 2-е изд. – Москва: Гнозис,
2004. – 390 с.
2.
Кубрякова Е.С. О тексте и критериях его определения // Текст, структура и семантика. –
Москва: 2001. – Т.1 – С. 72-81.
3.
Гальперин И.Р. Текст как объект лингвистического исследования. – Москва:
Издательство «Наука», 1981. – 139 с.
4.
Znamenskaya T.A. Stylistics of the English Language. – Moscow: 2006. –212p. Linguistic
communication and speech actshttp://www.critical-reading.Com.
ANALYZING EPITHETS: EXPLORING SEMANTIC AND STRUCTURAL
ASPECTS
PhD., doc. G.Djoldasova,
at Karakalpak State University
Sheripbayeva Shoira, Master of KSU
