The role of molecular genetic markers and immunohistochemistry of glial brain tumors in neurosurgery

Recent advances in biotechnology have made it possible to study the pathomorphological and molecular genetic characteristics of glial brain tumors. The histological features of brain tumors do not reflect the molecular subtype differences. In this review, we consider the main genetic changes of clinical significance, including such markers as proliferation of Ki-67, the TP53 suppressor gene, and anti-apoptotic proteins bcl-2. These markers can be included in a more accurate classification for the clinical assessment of the disease and the selection of therapy. Adequate molecular genetic diagnosis makes it possible to recommend treatment in accordance with the established nosological unit.