СБОРНИК ТЕЗИСОВ
5
DETECTION OF OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS IN CHILDREN WITH HIV INFECTION
Matyakubova O.U., Masharipova Sh.S., Masharipov S.M.
Urgench branch of Tashkent Medical Academy, Urgench, Uzbekistan
Relevance. Children can be infected with HIV in two ways: from an infected mother, vertically (when
passing through the birth canal) and by transfusion of infected blood or its components. Children infected
with HIV have nonspecific symptoms that are determined in isolation or in various combinations. These
are recurring episodes of fever, enanthema, diarrhea, lymphadenopathy.
The purpose of the work: to assess the frequency of opportunistic infections in children with HIV
infection.
Material and methods: a retrospective analysis of clinical and laboratory data of 120 HIV-infected
children was carried out, of which 62.5% were boys and 37.5% were girls aged 1 to 11 years receiving
ART, hospitalized at the Research Institute of Virology in the period from September 2014 to May 2015.
Results. We found that the frequency of opportunistic infections in HIV-infected children is as
follows: pneumocystis pneumonia - 30%, lymphoid interstitial pneumonia - 25%, disseminated
cytomegalovirus infection - 15%, candidiasis esophagitis - 15%, disseminated mycobacterial infection -
15%, cryptosporidiasis - 5%, Epstein-Barr virus infection - 5%, other infections - 10%. Lung diseases
are the main cause of morbidity and mortality from secondary pathology on the background of HIV. As
in adults, the main etiological factor is Pneumocystis carinii. Fever, tachypnea are often observed in
children, shortening of the audibility of inhalation, whistling dry and wet wheezes are determined during
auscultation. CNS lesions are also widespread in children with HIV infection. Signs of HIV
encephalopathy may precede other clinical manifestations of AIDS. The following came to the fore:
delayed psychomotor development, or the loss of certain behavioral characteristics corresponding to the
level of psychomotor development at a given age.
Conclusion: Disseminated cytomegalovirus infection, severe herpes infection and toxoplasmosis are
noted in HIV-infected children. Pathological processes caused by mycobacteria, cryptosporidia and
cryptococcus are very rare. Widespread, severe candidiasis of the skin and mucous membranes is
observed in almost all children with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Monitoring the occurrence
of opportunistic infections and their prevention is a possible and necessary requirement for the treatment
of HIV-infected children.
References
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Касымов, И., Г. Шарапова, and Ш. Рахматуллаева. "Особенности проявлений эпидемического
процесса сальмонеллеза." Журнал проблемы биологии и медицины 3 (79) (2014): 31-32.
