ISSN:
2181-3906
2025
International scientific journal
«MODERN
SCIENCE
АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 4 / ISSUE 6 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
1171
POETICAL INTERPRETATION OF THE BAHKSHIYANA STYLE IN WRITING
Makhamadiyeva Sitora Kayumovna
Master of Asian University of Technologies.
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15716274
Annotation.
This article explores the poetic interpretation of the bakhshi-style in the
works of Usmon A’zim, one of the prominent figures in Uzbek poetry. The research focuses on
the influence of oral folk traditions, particularly the lyrical and musical elements of the bakhshi
art form. Key poetic devices such as repetition, oral constructions, musicality, and emotional
expression are analyzed in the context of the poet’s work.
Keywords:
Usmon A’zim, bakhshi style, poetics, repetition, oral folk tradition, emotional
expression.
Аннотация.
В статье рассматривается поэтическое воплощение бахши
-
йского
стиля в творчестве одного из выдающихся представителей узбекской поэзии —
Усмана
Азима. Исследование анализирует элементы устной народной традиции, особенно
влияния искусства бахши —
ритм, образы, повторы и музыкальность. Особое внимание
уделяется поэтическим приёмам, с помощью которых автор выражает духовные и
эмоциональные состояния.
Ключевые слова:
Усман Азим, стиль бахши, поэтика, повтор, устное народное
творчество, душевное состояние.
Introduction
Usman Azim is one of the unique voices of modern Uzbek poetry, and his work is
strongly influenced by folk oral art, especially the Bakhshi style. The Bakhshi style found in the
poet's works, the harmony of words and rhythm, the expression of the hero's inner world in the
folk language - all this serves to continue the Bakhshi style of poetry. This article, based on some
of the poet's poems, will shed light on how the Bakhshi style was formed in his poetic thinking
and through what means it was expressed.
Usman Azim is a famous poet who combined the national spirit and elements of folk oral
art with modern poetic forms in Uzbek poetry. His poems are distinguished by folk epics,
Bakhshi style, musicality, and natural imagery. In particular, the Bakhshi style is manifested as a
central means of expression in Usman Azim's poetics. This article analyzes how the poet used
the Bakhshi style, what poetic means he enriched it with, and how his lyrics and epics were
combined.
METHODOLOGY
The following methods were used in this article:
- Literary analysis - the poetic structure of the poetic texts, the system of images, and
means of expression were analyzed;
- Comparative method - the poetry of Usman A'zim was compared with the poetic forms
of Bakhshi epics;
- Stylistic analysis - folk expressions, repetitions, and oral linguistic constructions found
in the poet were studied.
ISSN:
2181-3906
2025
International scientific journal
«MODERN
SCIENCE
АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 4 / ISSUE 6 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
1172
Usman A'zim is one of the poets who has his own voice in modern Uzbek poetry. His
poetry is imbued with images of the native land, nature, the human psyche, and ancient Bakhshi
style, and is an example of the harmony of the traditions of Uzbek folk oral creativity and a new
poetic breath. In particular, the poet's style, saturated with the lyricism of nature and bakhshiyona
melodies, makes his poetic world unique and rich in national spirit. In the work of Usman Azim,
the bakhshiyona spirit is felt - that is, a rhythm imbued with folk oral art, epic melody, fluidity,
musicality. Through this style, the poet gives his poems an epic lyrical tone.
Bakhshiyona means of expression:
Repeated verses ("... listen to my heart, O Mother!")
Syntax in a song melody (number of syllables, rhythm of stress)
Proverbs, folk expressions: "A river flowed in my eyes..."
Analysis and Discussion
Usman Azim's work is an artistic phenomenon that managed to reinterpret the
bakhshiyona style in modern poetry. Through the poet's poems, not only ancient folk traditions
are revived, but they are also enriched with personal spirituality, poetic intuition and modern
feelings. This distinguishes Usman Azim as one of the unique personalities in Uzbek poetry.
1. Repetitions:
One of the important poetic devices of Usman Azim's poems is repetitions. This
technique is widely found in Bakhshi songs and folk epics. Repetitions allow the poem to
enhance musicality, internal rhythm, and spiritual state.
Example:
“You came spring, you came,
You poured like rain, you came...”
Here, the repetition of the expression “you came” enhances the dramatic feelings inherent
in Bakhshi's melody. Through repetition, the poet conveys figurative reality as a rhythmic series,
which has a deeper effect on the listener or reader's mind as a melody.
The poet's poems widely use conversational style, folk idioms, wordplay, and epic-style
sentence constructions. This gives Usman Azim's poems oral poetic liveliness.
The poet's poems retain the tone and intonation characteristic of oral speech. The poet, as
it were, addresses the listener directly, which is one of the signs of lively expression in the
Bakhshi style.
The Bakhshi tone is expressed in the poems of Usman Azim through repetitions and
verbal linguistic constructions.
The folk, folkloric style prevails in the choice of words. Examples: "there are verses in
my mother's heart", "I lost myself inside your shirt".
Rhythm and musicality are created in a manner characteristic of Bakhshi's work. The poet
conveys meaning not only through feeling, but also through tone.
The use of ancient images - symbols such as "fire, water, bird, moon, wave" - is close to
the images of nature in folk epics.
Epic-lyric synthesis: Many poems contain a story, but it is filled with lyricism (for
example, "Spring", "Bakhshi's Eye").
ISSN:
2181-3906
2025
International scientific journal
«MODERN
SCIENCE
АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 4 / ISSUE 6 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
1173
The Bakhshi style refers to folk epic poetry, the means of expression, genre forms, tone,
style and the world of crocodiles characteristic of the oral work of the termachi-bakhshi. The
main features of it are the use of folk language, archaic images, the harmony of epic and lyric,
rhythm and melodiousness.
In his poems, Osman Azim brings the Bakhshi style to modern poetry through ancient
images (bakhshi, navkar, yugiti, yor), national metaphors, melodious feelings, rhythmic
structure, and folk lexicon. For example:
Your eyes sparkle like a star,
It guides me in the dark night...
These lines not only lyricism, but also melodiousness like a termachi are felt. The poetic
lines are musical, inclined to sing. This is a modern reflection of Bakhshi poetics.
In the poetry of Usman Azim, the content is deepened through images of heroism,
patriotism, loyalty, motherland, love and nature, traditional folk symbols (for example, a tulpor,
a flower, a breeze).
Also, equations, allegories, similes, repetitions, parallelisms characteristic of the Bakhshi
style are actively used.
One of the main features of Bakhshi poetry is melodiousness. Most of Usman Azim's
poems are written in a conversational tone, but this tone is adapted to modern poetry. In
particular, large lines, epic breath, and an easy-to-remember rhythm are noticeable. This is
typical of Bakhshi epics.
Many of his poems clearly reflect the dialogical structure, monological suffering, and the
triad of Bakhshi-young man-love. This shows that Usman Azim's poetry has successfully
combined the Bakhshi approach with the Bakhshi style.
Summary
Usman Azim creatively reinterpreted the elements of the Bakhshi style in his work,
adapting them to modern poetry. He preserved the traditions of folk oral art and epic poetry, but
enriched them with personal lyricism, philosophical observation and poetic thinking. Thus, he
created a unique school as a poet who combined folk and modern poetic aesthetics.
References
1.
Azam, Usman. El yurt. Tashkent: Gafur Ghulom National Institute of Literature, 2008.
2.
Oripov, Abdulla. Poetry and the spirit of the people. Tashkent: Uzbekistan, 1999.
3.
Kuronov, D. History of Uzbek literature. Tashkent: University, 2017.
4.
Jorayev, Sherali. Bakhshi culture and modern poetry.
–
Collection of Literary Researches,
2020.
5.
Ganiev, B. The Poetics of Uzbek Folk Epics. Tashkent: Fan, 1982.
