Oktabr, 2025-Yil
194
THE CONCEPT, SUBJECT, METHOD AND SYSTEM OF ECOLOGICAL LAW
Aytmuratova Malika Rasbergen qızı
Qaraqalpaqstan Respublikasi
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17395629
Abstract.
This article discusses the concept, subject and tasks of ecological law.
Keywords:
ecology, law, nature,
confession-environment.
Ecological law is a discipline that studies the political regulation of social relations arising
between nature and society.
Today, ecological law is a field of law with its own place and potential in the independent
legal system of the Republic of Uzbekistan, with its own directions and characteristics.
It should be noted that the essence of each field of law depends on the scope and level of
social relations being regulated. In particular, ecological law, as a field of the legal system, stands out
from other fields of law by the breadth, complexity, diversity and specific features of the social
relations it regulates.
Ecological law also uses, first of all, principles, methods and rules and requirements of
ecological general binding importance in regulating social relations of global importance in the
nature-society system, and secondly, it uses the forces and capabilities of other interrelated areas of
law to solve these complex environmental problems and ensure their political order.
Therefore, in regulating social relations aimed at solving environmental problems, along with
ecological principles, rules and requirements, it uses other areas of law, namely administrative,
criminal, civil, labor and economic-political instruments and rules and requirements.
Thus, ecological law is one of the broadest and most multidisciplinary areas of law aimed at
regulating ecological-political relations arising in the system of nature and society.
It is worth noting that each science or branch of law has its own characteristics depending on
its place in the process of regulating social relations and the scope of the relations being regulated.
Including ecological law, which is primarily a separate branch of the legal system, is closely
related to other branches of law and is developing using generally recognized principles, forms and
rules of law.
At the same time, the social relations regulated by ecological law arise in such processes as
the impact on the laws of nature, natural resources, ecological systems and components, that is, their
deterioration, reduction in quantity, disruption of balance, extinction of species, etc.
In 1866, the German biologist first introduced the term "Ecology" into science in his scientific
work, expressing its meaning as a doctrine that studies the relationship between living organisms and
their environment.
The term ecology comes from the Greek words “oikos” – dwelling, living environment,
home, and “logos” – teaching. In a word, ecology is the science of the environment in which we live,
our home, our homeland.
The development of science, science and technology, the expansion of knowledge about
nature and, in turn, the intensification of interactions in the nature-society system, led to the
separation of ecology from a small part of biology and its development as a separate science. Ecology
Oktabr, 2025-Yil
195
has penetrated all areas and branches of natural sciences, covering the economy, politics, spirituality-
culture, and social complexes that are considered important aspects of social life.
As a result of the interaction between nature and society, various social relations arise. In this
area, we call social relations socio-ecological relations.
Ecological law is manifested on the basis of the unity and integrity of closely interconnected
ecological legal relations. As is known, each discipline, including the field of law, has a system of
theoretical and practical rules and requirements for the study and regulation of the system of social
relations, which constitutes the subject of this discipline. Ecological law, as a separate branch of the
legal system, has its own subject, which covers the study and regulation of the directions of socio-
political relations.
The subject of ecological law is the legal regulation of social relations arising in the process
of protecting the natural environment, rational use of natural resources and ensuring the ecological
safety of the population.
Each discipline, including the science of ecological law, has its own directions, that is,
principles, in the process of regulating social relations, which, in turn, arise from the goals and
objectives of each discipline.
The principles of ecological law are of great importance in determining the direction and
boundaries of interactions in the nature-society system, ensuring the stability of the ecological-
political mechanism and determining the procedure for regulating ecological relations by legislative
rules and requirements. As we know, ecological law politically regulates the interaction between
nature and society. In particular, there are laws of society-states that regulate the undeniable laws of
nature and social behavior - the main task of the principles of ecological law is to scientifically guide
the behavior of members of society towards nature, recognizing the primacy of natural laws.
Since the relationship between nature and society is very diverse and complex, we can divide
the principles of environmental law into the following system.
1. General principles of the state and law;
2. Principles of environmental protection;
3. Principles aimed at the rational use of natural resources.
Ecological law, as a branch of the legal system, uses the following principles of the state and
law in regulating environmental relations:
Legality;
Social justice;
Transparency;
Cooperation of persuasive and coercive measures;
Unity of rights and duties of individuals, etc.
References:
1.
Karimov I. A. 0 ‘zbekiston XXI asr bo‘sag‘asida: xavfsizlikka tahdid, barqarorlik shartlari va
taraqqiyot kafolatlari. Т., 0 ‘zbekiston. 1997-y.
2.
Barqaror taraqqiyot talimi. 0 ‘quv-uslubiy qo‘llanma. Toshkent, 2007, YUNESKO.
3.
Begon Michael and others. Ecology : from individuals to ecosystems / UK. 2006.
BLACKWELL PUBLISHING. -4th ed. p. 759.
Oktabr, 2025-Yil
196
4.
Ekologik ta’limdan barqaror rivojlanish ta’limi sari. /А. N. Nigmatovning umumiy tahriri
ostida. Qo‘llanma. -Т., «Talqin» nashriyoti, 2007. -144 b.
5.
Ergashev A. “Umumiy ekologiya” Т., “0 ‘zbekiston”, 2003-y.
6.
Ergashev A., Ergashev T. Ekologiya, biosfera va tabiatni muhofaza qilish. Т., “Yangi asr
avlodi”, 2005.
7.
Global Environment Outlook. 2006, UNEP, www. unep. org/ Geo2006.
