2025
NOVEMBER
NEW RENAISSANCE
INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE
VOLUME 2
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ISSUE 11
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IMPROVING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TREATMENT OF CATARRHAL
GINGIVITIS IN ADOLESCENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS
Turaeva Kamila Furkatovna
Samarkand State Medical University, Department of Therapeutic Stomatology
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17526736
Introduction
Catarrhal gingivitis is a frequent inflammatory periodontal condition among
adolescents, characterized by gingival redness, swelling, bleeding, and discomfort. The prevalence
of this disease significantly increases in adolescents with diabetes mellitus, as chronic
hyperglycemia alters immune responses, reduces salivary flow, increases bacterial growth, and
promotes oxidative stress, thereby exacerbating periodontal inflammation. Poor glycemic control
leads to increased susceptibility to oral infections and worsens periodontal outcomes. Effective
management of catarrhal gingivitis in diabetic adolescents is essential to prevent further
periodontal complications and to improve overall oral and systemic health. Conventional
treatment strategies often include mechanical plaque removal, oral hygiene education, and
antiseptic mouth rinses, yet these measures may not be sufficient in diabetic patients due to
delayed tissue healing and altered host response. Therefore, optimizing treatment protocols
tailored for diabetic adolescents plays a crucial role in reducing disease severity, enhancing
clinical outcomes, and improving quality of life for young patients.
Objective
The objective of this study was to evaluate and improve the effectiveness of
therapeutic measures for treating catarrhal gingivitis in adolescents with diabetes mellitus by
assessing clinical outcomes, reducing inflammatory symptoms, and enhancing gingival healing
through a modified comprehensive treatment protocol. This research aimed to develop an
optimized clinical management strategy for adolescents with diabetes mellitus suffering from
catarrhal gingivitis by implementing a multidisciplinary treatment concept. The primary goal was
to not only eliminate gingival inflammation but also enhance the biological response of
periodontal tissues in a glucose-compromised environment. Special focus was placed on
evaluating the synergistic impact of antioxidant support, metabolic control guidance, and
reinforced oral hygiene education adapted to diabetic youth. Additionally, the study sought to
monitor improvements in gingival vascular response, tissue resilience, patient-perceived comfort,
and plaque-control skills over time, highlighting the importance of metabolic correction as part of
periodontal therapy.
Materials and Methods
A total of 60 adolescents aged 12–17 years diagnosed with
diabetes mellitus and clinical signs of catarrhal gingivitis were included in the study. Patients were
divided into two groups of 30 each. Group I received standard periodontal therapy, including
professional dental cleaning, scaling, oral hygiene instructions, and antiseptic rinses containing
chlorhexidine. Group II received an enhanced treatment protocol combining standard therapy with
antioxidant gel application, vitamin supplementation, and individualized oral hygiene training
focused on glycemic control awareness. Clinical indicators such as gingival index, papillary
bleeding index, plaque index, and patient subjective discomfort levels were recorded at baseline,
after 7 days, and after 14 days. Glycemic status (HbA1c) and oral hygiene habits were monitored
to assess their influence on gingival healing.
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NEW RENAISSANCE
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Results
Both groups demonstrated clinical improvement during the treatment period;
however, Group II showed significantly greater reductions in gingival inflammation, bleeding, and
plaque levels. After 14 days, the mean gingival index decreased by 65% in Group II compared to
42% in Group I. The papillary bleeding index reduction was 72% in the enhanced therapy group
versus 48% in the standard therapy group. Patients in Group II reported faster pain relief and
improved chewing comfort. Healing rate and visual gingival appearance improved more rapidly in
Group II, demonstrating stronger inflammatory control and tissue recovery. Additionally,
improved compliance with oral hygiene instructions was observed among patients receiving
individualized diabetic-specific advice. The enhanced treatment method demonstrated superior
therapeutic effects compared to conventional dental management. Adolescents receiving the
comprehensive protocol exhibited pronounced improvement in soft-tissue tone, reduced gingival
hyperemia, and faster epithelial recovery. Objective indices showed notable progress: plaque
accumulation significantly decreased by the second week, bleeding on probing markedly
diminished, and gingival tissue firmness increased. Patients reported improved self-confidence,
less halitosis, and better oral comfort during daily activities such as eating and toothbrushing.
Moreover, adherence to oral hygiene instructions improved after diabetes-focused education,
resulting in sustained plaque control. Importantly, subjects with stable glycemic indicators
experienced the fastest tissue recovery, emphasizing the essential role of metabolic stability in oral
healing.
Discussion
The findings highlight that traditional treatment alone is insufficient for
managing gingival inflammation in adolescents with diabetes due to metabolic disturbances and
slower tissue regeneration. Enhanced therapy incorporating antioxidants, micronutrients, and
targeted oral hygiene education proved more effective in reducing periodontal inflammation and
accelerating gingival healing. This improvement may be attributed to reduced oxidative stress,
better microbial control, and strengthened host immune function. Emphasizing diabetic awareness
in oral hygiene education also contributed to higher treatment compliance and improved home-
care performance. These results suggest that periodontal therapy for diabetic adolescents should
integrate systemic and metabolic considerations to achieve optimal outcomes.
The findings confirm that healing processes in young diabetic individuals require tailored
strategies that account for metabolic vulnerabilities. Hyperglycemia alters salivary function,
weakens immune cell performance, and increases oxidative stress, consequently delaying
periodontal recovery if traditional treatment is used alone. Integrating antioxidant therapy and
micronutrient supplementation strengthened epithelial regeneration and improved microcirculation
in gingival tissues. Simultaneously, teaching patients the correlation between glucose control and
gum health enhanced motivation, reflecting a behavioral-based improvement in oral hygiene
consistency. These outcomes highlight the necessity of pairing mechanical dental therapies with
metabolic-supportive and educational components. Such a holistic methodology demonstrates
promising potential for broader clinical application in diabetic dental care protocols and could
reduce long-term periodontal complications in this vulnerable age group.
Conclusion
The study demonstrates that improving the effectiveness of treatment for
catarrhal gingivitis in adolescents with diabetes mellitus requires a comprehensive therapeutic
approach that includes professional dental cleaning, antiseptic therapy, antioxidant support,
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vitamin supplementation, and individualized oral hygiene education. Enhanced treatment
protocols significantly reduce inflammation, bleeding, and discomfort, while promoting faster
gingival healing and improving oral health behavior. Considering the strong relationship between
diabetes and periodontal disease, personalized periodontal therapy should be incorporated into
routine care for diabetic adolescents to support both oral and systemic health. A structured,
biologically orientated periodontal treatment protocol substantially elevates therapeutic outcomes
in diabetic adolescents with catarrhal gingivitis. Combining professional gum therapy with
antioxidant formulations, vitamin support, and personalized diabetes-focused oral hygiene
instruction significantly accelerates tissue regeneration, reduces inflammatory manifestations, and
improves clinical indices. The enhanced approach strengthens gingival resistance to microbial
aggression, promotes sustained plaque control behaviors, and supports better patient well-being
and self-management skills. Considering the long-term periodontal risks associated with diabetes,
dental practitioners should incorporate metabolic awareness, nutritional assistance, and targeted
oral health guidance when treating young diabetic patients. This integrative framework serves as a
highly effective strategy and is recommended as a standard clinical model in pediatric diabetic
dentistry.
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