ISSN:
2181-3906
2023
International scientific journal
«MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 2 / ISSUE 10 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
633
UDC 347.78.034
THE INTERRELATION OF STYLISTIC DEVICES AND PHRASEOLOGICAL
UNITS IN ENGLISH-UZBEK TRANSLATION
Muladjanov Shuhrat Fazlidinovich
Teacher of Samarkand State Institute of Foreign Languages
+998907439378
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10023916
Abstract.
This paper is devoted to stylistic analysis of phraseological units from English
into Uzbek by the examples of proverbs and idioms. The peculiarities of English idioms in its origin
language, their co-relation with the stylistic devices and expressive means, linguistic and stylistic
approaches of these units are included the transmission to target language, the ways and methods
that can determine those peculiarities in Uzbek language. The identification of proper equivalency
to the origin one, the methods of preserving semantic meaning of phraseological units’ stylistic
aspects into target language according to linguistic, extra-linguistic and socio-cultural
approaches. The translator’s attitude towards the origin source units and the translation to target
language.
Keywords:
phraseological units, stylistic devices, equivalency, proverbs, stylistic
approaches, linguistic approaches, metaphor, metonymy, simile, repetition, hyperbole,
synechdoche, literary style.
ВЗАИМОСВЯЗЬ СТИЛИСТИЧЕСКИХ ПРИЕМОВ И ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЗМОВ В
АНГЛО-УЗБЕКСКОМ ПЕРЕВОДЕ
Аннотация.
Данная статья посвящена стилистическому анализу фразеологизмов
с английского на узбекский на примерах пословиц и идиом. Особенности английских идиом
в языке их происхождения, их взаимосвязь со стилистическими приемами и
выразительными средствами, лингвистические и стилистические подходы этих единиц
включены в передачу на язык перевода, пути и методы, которые могут определить эти
особенности в узбекском языке. Определение надлежащей эквивалентности исходному
тексту, методы сохранения семантического значения стилистических аспектов
фразеологизмов
в
языке
перевода
в
соответствии
с
лингвистическим,
экстралингвистическим и социокультурным подходами. Отношение переводчика к
единицам исходного текста и переводу на целевой язык.
Ключевые слова:
фразеологизмы, стилистические приемы, эквивалентность,
пословицы, стилистические подходы, лингвистические подходы, метафора, метонимия,
сравнение, повтор, гипербола, синехдох, литературный стиль.
Introduction
As a third-role player in translation of phraseological units, the translator should strive to
preserve the meaning of the origin to target language units. The most important role in translation
refers to linguistic, extra-linguistic and lingua-stylistic approaches of the both languages. The
stylistic approach should be used commonly in translation, where the linguistic approach is
obvious for both languages. The priority of impressiveness of the source units relies on stylistic
devices and expressive means that contribute increasing the emotionality in the meaning. These
ISSN:
2181-3906
2023
International scientific journal
«MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 2 / ISSUE 10 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
634
phraseological units can be obtained some extra-linguistic approaches, which followed by culture-
specific words, stylistic units, realis or customary words. Thus, the challenge of translator is to
convey the relevant phraseological elements into target language, considering the linguistic and
extra-linguistic approaches. In this case, the literary translation, both significant stylistic devices
in source and translated languages demand the resulted solutions. Particularly, have been chosen
English-Uzbek proverbs and idioms translation examples, because they play the most important
role to identify the differences, similarities and exclusively to contribute literal value of the work.
From translators requires the proficiency and the skill to realize the distinction between two
languages, while the translation process is widely occurred in rendering the stylistic substitutes of
both languages. Indeed, the lack in translation may lead the misunderstandings between the source
and target units. The point of subsequent decision of translator influences the diverse or relevant
results of purpose.
Literature review
Literary translation is an art, the transmission of source literary text units to the target
language deals with both interlingual approaches. The perception of semantic meaning into foreign
language refers to linguistic, lexical, stylistic approaches, and how they convey into translating
language, the process of preservation semantic property of original material into target language
units. The literary context is guided as a complicated process to understand it is demanded an effort
of translator. As G. Watson and S. Zyngier mentioned “Processing of literary text is often seen as
difficult, but also worth the effort as a potentially rich and engaging source of relevant language
data from which to learn” [6,p.4]. Thus, the literary context in source language has variant and
complicated substitutes in target language that is vary the collaboration and at the same time
involves the relevant features between two languages.
Materials and methods
Stylistics is one of the most important branches of linguistics, involves the stylistic units
and approaches as in essence of literary prose. The peculiarities of stylistic units refer through the
stylistic devices that occur in literary style established in word combinations by the narrator. The
style in its turn can contribute the special features in the prose, creating the colorfulness, brightness
and emotive essence to the utterances. Eventually, the stylistic devices and expressive means in
the context intensify intentionally some structures and semantic property of a language. Most of
the stylistic devices and expressive means are relevant to the phraseological units in the context or
rather called the phraseologisms that modify the stylistic meaning of the word units. One may
argue for conceiving the phraseological units are bounded in a root of stylistic devices or stylistic
units that contributed the inclusion of phraseological units. But, as in linguistic aspect each of the
cases can be studied in its own field of study, according to their semantic meaning. Thus, the
phraseological units are to be learnt in a discipline of phraseology, whereby the meaning and
structure play a great role to determine the usages of idioms, phraseologisms and proverbs. In this
case, the phraseological units can be peculiar to any certain nations and be used in a narrow field
of communication. Stylistics, as a separate branch involves the stylistic meaning of those devices
and expressive means, their usages that occurred in the context relevant to the linguistic and extra-
linguistic approaches of the utterance. As Paul Simpson mentioned “Stylistics is interested in
language, as a function of texts in context, and it acknowledges that utterances (literary or
ISSN:
2181-3906
2023
International scientific journal
«MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 2 / ISSUE 10 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
635
otherwise) are produced in a time, a place, and in a cultural and cognitive context” [5,p.3].
However, the stylistic devices and expressive means have some differentiations with the
phraseological units according to their meaning and structure in the context, they have direct
relationship between each other. Such kind of interrelation between phraseological units and
stylistic devices can be established in parallel or simultaneous usages of both units. Those identities
are found in the word constructions which refer the phraseological units that include stylistic
devices. So, at this situation the cognitive and psycholinguistic approaches deliver the similarity
between these units. As A. Naciscione proposed “A cognitive approach to stylistic analysis of
phraseological units in discourse is a transdisciplinary search. It calls for new ways of thinking
about phraseology and stylistics, and their close links with fringe disciplines, such as
psycholinguistics and cognitive linguistics” [4,p.21]. As the stylistic analysis of phraseological
units may identify the unity and some distinctions among these disciplines. The comparative
analysis in translation can distribute the collaboration of both language units. The translational
process conveys those similarity and distinctions that facilitates the concepts between two
disciplines. “Phraseological units are figurative set expressions often described as “idioms”. Such
units have an important role to play in human communication. They produce a considerable
expressive effect for, besides conveying information, they appeal to the reader’s emotions, his
aesthetic perception, his literary and cultural associations. Whenever the author of the source text
uses an idiom, it is the translator’s duty to try and reproduce it with the utmost fidelity. Now an
idiom’s semantics are a complex entity and there are five aspects of its meaning that will influence
the translator’s choice of equivalent in the target language. They are the idiom’s figurative
meaning, its literal sense, its emotive character, stylistic register and national coloring. The
figurative meaning is the basic element of the idiom’s semantics” [1,p.93]. But, mainly the
semantics of phraseological units rely on the relationship of words and their user. And pragmatical
approaches of those idioms are can be founded in social behavior, where the set expressions are
mainly reproduced through the extra-linguistic patterns. As E. Black mentioned: “Since
pragmatics is the study of language in use (taking into account elements which are not covered by
grammar and semantics), it is understandable that stylistics has become increasingly interested in
using the insights it can offer” [2,p.2]. In this case, the main challenge lays on the translators to
convey them from one language to another, preserving the semantics and structural form. But,
there are some issues which translators always face to solve them, it includes the preservation of
functional meanings of phraseological units or semantic meaning and forms of stylistic units. The
translation theory supports preserving of phraseological meaning of units that have transmitted
from source language to the target language, as determining of equivalent sufficient set expressions
in a target language are derived to percept the meaning of those phraseological units to
confirmative language readers. Though, the phraseologisms deal with extra-linguistic approaches
of the certain and they formed according to the situation of the communication. Accordingly,
stylistic devices and expressive means collaborate to convey the lexical, stylistic, linguistic and
extra-linguistic approaches which built in phraseological units of source language. Indeed, the
stylistic devices and expressive means of source text refer to author’s style, involves the linguistic
and extra-linguistic features of utterances, though the phraseological units are obtained through
the situational act of communication of nations, non-relevantly to the context, peculiar only to
ISSN:
2181-3906
2023
International scientific journal
«MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 2 / ISSUE 10 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
636
source language representatives to understand them. Here, referred some examples of English-
Uzbek phraseological units translation which are specific for their stylistic properties and peculiar
for equivalency for equivalency method transmission.
Results and Discussions
Phraseological words in a base of stylistic units follow the equivalency methods, as a
complete equivalency where the units of both languages are equal semantically and structurally, a
partial equivalency refers the identity of some structures within context, that are semantically close
to each other, but diverse words’ usage by their lexical meaning, an absence equivalency that is
completely unequal languages’ units. The translator has the choice out of equivalent bounded
translation methods that form according to the target language norms both linguistically and extra-
linguistically.
For example:
Metaphors: Barefaced liar [3]- yuzsiz yolg’onchi,
Iron fist [3]- temir musht
Red hand [3]- qo’li qon, aybdor.
Synechdoche: All skin and bone [3]- teri suyakka borib qadalgan,
All ears [3]- butun ko’z-quloq bo’lmoq
Simile: As cold as ice [3]- muzday sovuq
Blind as a bat [3]- ko’rshapalakdek ko’rmas
Stubborn as a mule [3]- eshakday o’jar
As sly as fox [3]- tulkiday ayyor
Like fish out of water [3]- Suvdan chiqqan baliqday
Hyperbole: Head is in the clouds [3]- Boshi ko’kka yetmoq
Cat has nine lives [3]- Mushukning to’qqiz joni bor
In these mentioned examples, which phraseological units occurred in a base of stylistic
devices, such as metaphor, simile, synechdoche and hyperbole. As they preserved their semantics
and structure in the translation. For the complete correspondences, it is peculiar to establish the
words’ grammatical and lexical meaning in order to give the full version of translation.
Accordingly, there are existed the complete equivalence in Uzbek language, whereby the words
and sentence structure are transmitted equally to translating language. Other examples can be seen
also:
Metaphor: An old flame [3]-Eski (qadrdon) do’stlar
Banana Republic [3]- kichik jinoyatlarga boy respublika
Metonymy: At death’s door [3]- O’lim iskanjasida
Heaven knows [3]- Faqat Ollohga ayon
Cry your eyes out [3]- Yig’lab yubormoq
Simile: Drink like a fish [3]- Ko’p suv ichmoq
Synechdoche: Flesh and blood [3]- Qon-qarindoshlik
The phraseological units are rendered in target language with some linguistic patterns, such
as grammatical or lexical collaboration in both languages. Idioms have partial correspondences in
the translating language, including the similarity of different grammatical categories and lexical
units can be overviewed. Although, in partial equivalency some words are specified and adapted
ISSN:
2181-3906
2023
International scientific journal
«MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 2 / ISSUE 10 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
637
to the target language, as they refer the extra-linguistical patterns of the certain nation’s social and
cultural uniqueness. The following examples regarded as a non-equivalency method of translation,
where the translation process preserves the semantic relation and similarity between two
languages, referring the extra-linguistic units in the utterances. For example:
Metaphor: Second wind [3]- Imkoniyatga ega bo’lmoq
Black hole [3]- Pullarni sovurish
Dog days [3]- Yozning issiq kunlari
Hot ticket [3]- O’ta zarur ish
Metonymy: Break the ice [3]- O’rtadagi munosabatni tiklamoq
Cut the mustard [3]- Aytilgan ishni bajarmoq
Paint the town red [3]- Ko’chani boshga ko’tarmoq
Stone dead [3]- qotib qolmoq
Hyperbole: Cloud nine [3]- Boshi ko’kka yetmoq
Blood out of stone [3]- Mashaqqatli ish, yumush
Simile: As cool as cucumber [3]- Yuragi keng inson
Repetition: Neck and neck [3]- tengma-teng bo’lmoq
First come, first served [3]- Xizmat navbat bilan
Eye for an eye [3]- yuzma-yuz
These examples include the phraseological units which do not have correspondences in
target language. In order to convey their semantics, the translator uses the translating language
norms, that can contribute an appropriate set expression to the origin one. The linguistic diversity
between two languages may be observed, as the meaning of the phraseological units are preserved
their uniqueness and similarity. For non-equivalency, during the translation the stylistic coloring
may not be kept its emotional purposes, rather they might be changed to neutral collocations, in
order not to lose the phraseological unity of the words. Accordingly, the phraseological units in
the source language can be transformed for their correspondence in target language. The above
mentioned examples co-related with phraseological units in using the expressive means and
stylistic devices. In the way of conveying an exact meaning of utterances, the translator should
conduct himself sufficiently as the third part of role-player between two nations during the
recognizing differencies. Translation of any phraseological units in a base of stylistic devices and
expressive means to the foreign language should create the same emotions, impressiveness and
conduction, that native language readers can involve them.
Conclusion
We tried to conduct the stylistic analysis on the examples of translation English
phraseological units into Uzbek. We achieved to conclude the perception of translation of
phraseological units in a base of stylistic devices and expressive means into target language
through the distinction of both language units, linguistic, extra-linguistic and stylistic aspects. The
main criteria the term of equivalence in translation is regarded as a specific, multi-functional
approach which has been chosen in transmission of phraseologisms as complete, partial and non-
equivalent methods of conveying the perception of these units into translating language. For those
situations, the translator plays the most important role to convey the adequate translation
recognizing interlingual differences. To conclude, it has to be mentioned that the preserving of
ISSN:
2181-3906
2023
International scientific journal
«MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 2 / ISSUE 10 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
638
semantic meaning of phraseological units depend on co-relation of both interlingual
communicative approaches. In any other methods, the communicative approaches should be
rendered from source text yo target text. The semantic structure of the phraseological units in a
base of stylistic devices has to be conveyed from one language to another according to both
languages’ linguistic, extra-linguistic, lexical and stylistic perspectives.
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Black, E. (2005). Pragmatic stylistics. Edinburgh University Press.
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Naciscione, A (2010). Stylistic use of phraseological units in discourse. John Benjamins
Publishing Company
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Simpson, P. (2004). Stylistics: A resource book for students. Routledge, Taylor and Francis
Group.
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Watson, G., & Zyngier, S. (Eds.). (2006). Literature and stylistics for language learners:
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