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MUZÍKA ÁSBAPLARÍNÍŃ PAYDA BOLÍW TARIYXÍ
Matniyazova Miyassar
ÓzMKÓMI NF “Folklor hám etnografiya” kafedrası
“Baqsıshılıq hám dástanshılıq” qaniygeligi 2-kurs student
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10246691
Annotaciya.
Bul teziste muzıka áspablarınıń arxiologiyalıq tárepinen áyyemgi zamanlarda
eki tarlı muzıka áspabın qolǵa alıp shertip turǵan adam músininiń qazılma tulǵası tabılǵanlıǵı
haqqında sóz etiledi.
Gilt sózi:
Muzıka, izertlewshi, alım, arxiologiya, saz áspab, áyyemgi dáwir, músin,
qazılma, ásir, tariyx.
THE HISTORY OF MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
Abstract.
This thesis refers to the discovery of the fossil widow of Sumbata, a man who in
ancient times played two stringed musical instruments archaeologically.
Key word:
music, researcher, scientist, archeology, instrument, antiquity, sumbat, fossil,
century, history.
ИСТОРИЯ ВОЗНИКНОВЕНИЯ МУЗЫКАЛЬНЫХ ИНСТРУМЕНТОВ
Аннотация.
В этом тезисе говорится об обнаружении ископаемой вдовы сумбаты,
человека, который в древние времена играл на двух струнных музыкальных инструментах
археологически.
Ключевое слово:
музыка, исследователь, ученый, археология, инструмент,
древность, Сумбат, ископаемое, век, история.
Belgili muzıka izzertlewshisi V. N. Belyaev óziniń «Áyyemgi dáwirlerdiń muzıka
mádeniyatı»-degen miynetinde -«Arxiologlar tárepinen áyyemgi zamanlarda tasqa oyılǵan
kishkene shanaǵı bar, uzın dásteli, eki tarlı muzıka áspabın qolǵa alıp shertip turǵan adam
músininiń qazılma tulǵası tabılǵan. Ol biziń eramızdıń úshinshi mıńınshı jıllarınıń ortalarına tuwra
keledi. Bul músin hám ondaǵı kórinisler házirgi dáwirde Ózbekstanda, Tájikstanda shertilip júrgen
Tanbur saz áspabın kóz aldımızǵa keltiredi»-dep tastıyıqlaydı. (V.I.Belyaev «Muzıkalnaya kultura
drevnogo mira» L. 1937-g str 98).
Qaraqalpaqstanǵa miyneti sińgen kórkem-óner ǵayratkeri T. Adambaeva da óziniń
«Qaraqalpaqstan muzıkasınıń tariyxınan»-atlı kitabında da usınday boljawlardı dálillep jazǵan.
«Biziń eramizdiń I-ásirine tán ájayıp mádeniy eskertkish Ayırtamnan tabılǵan «Ud»
áspabı, 1946-jılı arxiologiyalıq ashılıwlarda Topıraq qaladan eki tarlı duwtar tipindegi saz áspabın
269
uslap turǵan adamdısúwretleytuǵın fragmenttiń tabılıwı bunıń ayqın dálili boladı». (T.
Adambaeva. «Qaraqalpaqstan muzıkasınıń tariyxınan» 1985-j).
Taǵı da bul muzıkalıq ásbaptıń súlderi házirgi Túrkmenstan territoriyasınan aymaǵındaǵı
Farpiyan patshalıǵınıń orayı bolǵan Nissa qalasın izzertlew waqtında tabılǵan. Bul ásbap uzın
dásteli, kishkene shanaqlı, «Ud»-áspabı bolıp, Túrkmenlerdiń házirgi waqıttaǵı duwtarın esletedi.
Bunday uqsaslıqlar, házirgi zaman qaraqalpaq saz áspabı duwtar-«Ud» áspabınıń bir neshshe mıń
jıllar dawamında ózgertilip, ápiwayılastırılǵan túri degen túsinikti bildiredi.
Muzıka tariyxın izzertlewshi alım Karl Engel óziniń «Katalog muzıkalnıx instrumentov»-
atlı kitabında VII-ásirde Arablar Orta Aziyada jasawshı xalıqlardıń joqarı dárejede rawajlanǵan
muzıka mádeniyatın onıń menen birge ıqsham, sheber islengen hár qıylı muzıkalıq ásbapların óz
múlki, óz menshigine aylandırdı.
«Arablar Iran, Turan, Túrkstandı basıp almastan burın VI-ásirde az shertiwdi hám saz
ásbapların soǵıwdı úyreniwge olar óz balaların jibergen, sońın ala Persiya, Orta Aziya muzıka
mádeniyatın tolıǵı menen óz múlkine aylandırǵan»-dep keltiredi T. Adambaeva óz miynetinde (T.
Adambaeva «Revolyustiyaǵa shekemgi Qaraqalpaq muzıkası» 1976 j Nókis).
Solay etip muzıka ásbaplarınıń payda bolıw tariyxı uzaq dáwirlerden payda bola baslap
biziń dáwirimizge kelip jetkenligi búgingi kúnde hámmege ayan.
Ózbekstanda hám Qaraqalpaqstanda kóplegen muzıka ásbaplarınıń túrleri bar, olar
kúndelikli turmısta, xalqımız arasında qollanılıp kiyatır. Olardan duwtar, rubab, qobız, tanbur,
chang, nay, doira, qoshnay, surnay, karnay, balaman, shınqobız, girjek, naǵara, qayraq, qashqar
rubabı, avgan rubabı h.t.b da ásbaplardı aytıwǵa boladı.
Bul ásbaplardıń birazı qayta islenip, yaǵnıy rekonstrukciya islenip bir qansha jetilistirilip,
olardıń túrler de kóbeyip jańasha tús alıp keńnen paydalanıp kelmekte.
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