IMPROVING THE PROCESSES OF USE OF TOURISM
AUTHORITY IN THE CONDITIONS OF INNOVATIVE
DEVELOPMENT
Ibrahimjon Joraboev,
Associate Professor of the Department of "General Economic Sciences" of
University of Tashkent for Applied Science
Bakhtiyar Sharipov
Senior lecturer of the department of "General economic sciences" of University of Tashkent for Applied Science
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10467801
Abstract:
In the article, the impact of the changes taking place in the conditions of the innovative development of tourism
on the potential of tourism, the issues of assessment based on quality service, and the mechanism of assessment
of tourist activity in tourism were studied. In the conditions of modernization of the economy, attention is paid to
the optimal development of tourism based on the innovative characteristics of the tourism industry.
Key words
:
tourism, innovative development, tourism potential, quality service, evaluation processes, tourist activity,
evaluation mechanism, modernization of the economy, tourism sectors, optimal development of tourism.
INTRODUCTION
In the following years, large-scale reforms are being
implemented in our country to raise the tourism
industry to a new level in terms of quality and quantity.
The development of the sector means that the country's
economy can have a multiplier effect with other
sectors, and has a strong positive effect on the growth
rates of all macroeconomic indicators. This, in turn,
determines the urgency of the task of rapidly
developing the tourism industry, increasing its role and
share in the economy, diversifying and improving the
quality of tourist services, and expanding the tourism
infrastructure. Effective implementation of the set
tasks will help to strengthen the competitiveness of the
national economy of the country. In this regard, it is
urgent to deepen scientific research on issues such as
innovative development of national tourism and
strengthening its position in the world market, our
ancient history and rich cultural heritage, rapid
development of the tourism industry based on the
specific characteristics of regions, regionalization of
regions based on certain historical and touristic signs.
ANALYSIS OF LITERATURE ON
THE TOPIC
In the sustainable development of the economy of our
republic, the main direction of the development and
improvement of the tourism industry, as well as ways
to further improve and expand the use of the existing
economic opportunities, are important, which affects
social, economic, cultural and other spheres of
activity. Certain aspects of optimal development of
tourism and organization of their market based on the
innovative characteristics of the tourism industry in
the conditions of Uzbekistan are discussed by
scientists N.Tukhliev, D.Kh. Aslanova, B.Sh.Safarov,
M.T.Alimova, A.A.Eshtaev and seen in the works of
others. However, ensuring the socio-economic
efficiency and effective functioning of the tourism
potential in the conditions of innovative development
has not been studied in scientific works, and attention
to the study of this problem arises from the
requirements of today.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The methodology of the article analyzes the
importance and role of investments made in our
national
economy,
including
mechanisms for
developing the tourism industry and using its
potential, starting from the analysis of scientific and
increasingly popular sources.
The methods of analyzing the processes of using the
potential of tourism in the conditions of innovative
development, working programs and manuals for the
development of tourism, summarizing the economic
experience of using modern web tools as one of the
means of increasing investment efficiency, and the
methods of interviews with investors on this research
problem were also used. Based on this, the main ideas
and results in the article can be considered as a
methodological basis for the development of a guide
aimed at improving and improving the tourism
industry, and the author's recommendations can be
used as a theoretical and practical guide for the
improved development of the tourism industry based
on modern marketing principles and other market
tools.
ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
The tourism industry is one of the most rapidly
developing industries in the world due to the
deepening of the globalization process and the
expansion
of
international
cultural
relations.
According to the World Tourism Organization
(WTO), “tourism ranks fourth in global exports of
goods and services, and third in terms of profitability.
In 2020, its share in world GDP was 11.3% ($8.8
trillion)”
. In the modernization of the economy, the
tourism sector is considered a highly profitable sector
of the economy, it serves to accelerate the world
market of goods and services, to ensure the
employment of the population, and to develop organic
relations between different countries and regions of
the world. Today, the creation and introduction of
innovative technologies in the effective organization
of economic activity in tourism remains one of the
important conditions for the formation of an
innovative economy.
“Currently, in international practice, the definition
developed at the International Conference on Travel
and Tourism Statistics (Ottawa, 1991) and approved
by the WTO and the UN Statistical Commission is
widely used. According to this definition, a tourist is a
visitor, that is, a person who travels and stays there for
a period of no more than 12 months for any purpose
other than engaging in paid activities from the
resources of that place, which are outside his usual
environment.”
The main criteria of tourism are:
1. Change of place outside the limits of the usual place
of residence.
2. Migration of people in a sufficiently short period of
time. According to statistics, weekend tourism (2-3
days) occupies the largest share, followed by tourist
trips (6-7 days), the smallest share is accounted for by
8-12 day trips.
3. The place visited should not be a permanent or long-
term residence.
1
4. The main purpose of the trip should not be to
perform paid activities from the source of the visited
place.
The rapid growth of the flow of tourists to relatively
low-income countries and regions is an important
feature of the development of the tourism industry at
the global level. This is mainly explained by the low
cost of tourist services in such countries and regions
with low labor costs, and in most cases, the attraction
of previously unused or underutilized tourism
resources of developing countries to the tourism
industry. In addition, in some countries, the growing
flow of tourists under the influence of the market
conditions, as well as regional economic policy levers,
can be directed to problematic - backward or stagnant
regions, and this situation will help their development.
The most important condition for the successful
development of the tourism sector in the country is the
formation of the necessary regulatory and legal
frameworks. Active measures are being taken to
expand the list of tourism types used in the Republic
of Uzbekistan. For example, in the decree of the
President of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On measures
to ensure the rapid development of the tourism sector
of the Republic of Uzbekistan", along with traditional
cultural and historical tourism, tourism includes
pilgrimage, ecological, educational, ethnographic,
gastronomic, sports, treatment-health, agricultural,
industrial, rapid development of other potential types
such as business is planned.
In recent years, the material and technical base and
infrastructure of the tourism network have been
significantly strengthened. As of November 2022,
there were 939 hotels and similar accommodation
facilities in Uzbekistan. Their simultaneous reception
capacity is 17,779 rooms and 34,898 beds. The highest
rate in this regard is Tashkent city (19.8%), Samarkand
(16.4%) and Bukhara (15.4%) regions, and the lowest
is Jizzakh (2.8%), Namangan (2.8%) and Syrdarya
regions (1.6%) correspond to the share. Compared to
2015, at the beginning of 2022, the number of hotels
and alternative accommodation facilities increased to
1,224 units and 42,745 beds. According to the results
of 2020, the largest number of means of placement was
sent to the city of Tashkent (20.5%), Bukhara (17.1%)
and Samarkand (14.5%), the least to Syrdarya (1.5%),
Andijan (3.1 %) and Namangan (3.2%) regions.
The evaluation of the tourism potential of the republic
serves as the main factor for determining the priority
directions of the development of the tourism industry
in a specific region and the entire country. The
correctness of determining the potential of tourism
directly depends on the importance of the factors of
development of the selected sector and the reliability
of statistical data.
The analysis of the data in the table shows that the
leading regions in terms of the level of tourism
potential include the city of Tashkent, Samarkand,
Tashkent and Khorezm regions. Despite the fact that
the lowest indicators were recorded in Syrdarya and
Jizzakh regions, in our opinion, there are ample
opportunities
for
the
development
of
agro-
ethnographic tourism in these regions.
Table
Tourism infrastructure potential of regions of
Uzbekistan
R
egi
ons
N
um
ber
of
t
ouri
st
com
pani
es
and
organi
zat
ions
by
regi
on
N
um
ber
of
hot
el
and
al
ternat
ive
accom
m
odat
ion
pl
aces
by
regi
on
T
he
number
of
pl
aces
of
sanat
ori
um
-res
ort
inst
it
ut
ion
s
by
regi
on
T
ouri
sm
pot
ent
ia
l
of
t
he
regi
on
Republic
of
Karakalpakstan
0,017
0,135
0,168
0,073
Andijan
0,010
0,076
0,170
0,050
Bukhara
0,062
0,250
0,091
0,112
Jizzakh
0,007
0,055
0,159
0,039
Kashkadarya
0,014
0,120
0,214
0,071
Navoi
0,010
0,111
0,139
0,054
Namangan
0,003
0,098
0,544
0,054
Samarkand
0,178
0,418
0,352
0,297
Surkhandarya
0,014
0,124
0,158
0,065
Syrdarya
0,003
0,016
0,002
0,005
Tashkent
0,017
0,238
0,942
0,156
Ferghana
0,014
0,147
1
0,127
Khorezm
0,014
0,189
0,086
0,061
Tashkent city
1
1
0,668
0,874
Today, despite active regional shifts in all sectors of
the economy, including tourism, there are the
following problems and unused opportunities in the
development of tourism in Uzbekistan:
I. Opportunities to stimulate tourist demand:
1. Strategy for activation of domestic tourism
development. It is largely due to the emergence of the
habit of traveling, which is not yet present in the
majority of the population.
2. The need to reduce the difference between the
incomes of urban and rural residents. It increases the
potential number of tourists among the villagers.
3. Opportunities to increase employment in the
regions.
4. The expediency of increasing the currently
insufficient level of knowledge about the rich
historical and cultural heritage.
Problems and opportunities of modernization of the
tourist cluster, which ensures an increase in the
number and quality of products of the tourist services
and related industries:
1. The level of quality of services is insufficiently
consistent with international standards.
2. The need to improve the qualifications of personnel
in the field of tourism.
3. Underdevelopment of road transport infrastructure.
3a. Non-availability of campsites for the development
of auto tourism.
3b. The cost of air tickets to Uzbekistan.
4. High prices in the hotel industry.
5.
Underdevelopment
of
engineering
and
communication infrastructure.
6. The need to organize the production of local buses
and other motor vehicles of the travel category, for
example, caravans.
7. Expanding or organizing the production of various
types of clothing, sports equipment (for example,
equipment for mountaineering), bedding, furniture,
hotel equipment and other products that are in high
demand by tourists in Uzbekistan (non-existent in case
of) opportunity;
8. The quality of the product does not match the high
prices
9. Absence of statistical data in the section of types of
services. This makes it difficult to manage the
development of a touristic cluster.
II. Problems hindering the growth of demand and
supply of tourism services:
1. Low awareness of potential buyers and suppliers of
tourism services about new types of tourism.
2. Uneven development of the tourism industry in the
regions.
3. Failure to promote and advertise regional tourism.
III. Degradation of ecology and environmental
pollution.
IV. Conflicting influence of globalization on spiritual
development of people.
When agrarian and ethnographic tourism are
combined, we get an agro-ethnographic type of
tourism. This type of tourism implies living in a rural
place, participating in rural work, getting to know the
history, culture and art of the local people, customs
and traditions, national songs and dances, as well as
participation in national holidays and celebrations.
The impact of agro-ethnographic tourism on the
development of rural areas:
1. Increase in production in tourism cluster networks;
2. Increasing the employment rate of the rural
population;
3. Increase in income and standard of living of the
population;
4. Impact on the improvement of living conditions;
5. Increasing investment attractiveness of the region;
6. Increasing self-esteem of villagers;
7. Promoting and advertising national cultural
traditions;
8. People acquire new knowledge and increase their
skills;
9. The effect of cultural and spiritual enrichment of
each other through the interaction of rural and large
city residents;
10. Acceleration of the growth of the economy of
regions and regions of Uzbekistan with a large number
of rural residents.
The next priority for the development of tourism in the
regions of Uzbekistan is the development of caravans.
The word "caravanning" comes from the English word
"caravan" - van, wagon. Caravanning is a journey
involving moving and living in a house on wheels.
Such traveling subjects are called caravaners.
Expected results:
1. Caravanning promotes the development of various
types of tourism, namely sports tourism, ecological
tourism, cultural-learning tourism, agrotourism,
ethnographic tourism, etc.
2. The caravan can be used as a means of
accommodation for tourists.
3. Caravanning stimulates the growth of domestic
tourism.
4.
Caravans
will
help
to
expand
private
entrepreneurship in the regions and increase the level
of employment.
5. Caravanning serves to increase the standard and
quality of the life of village population.
As the third priority for the development of tourism in
the regions of Uzbekistan, we propose to organize
themed hotels under the name "Culture house", that is,
"Culture hotel".
Expected results from the implementation of this
innovative scientific project, which provides the
opportunity to solve the following tasks:
1. Increasing investment attractiveness of Uzbekistan
for national and foreign investors;
2. Increase in the level of population employment;
3. Creation of favorable economic conditions in the
regions;
4.
Development
of
food,
medical,
cultural,
ethnographic types of tourism;
5. Increase in the standard of living and quality of life
of the population.
Summing up from the above, we note that:
The measures presented in connection with the
formation of forecast indicators for the development
of the tourism industry of the Republic of Uzbekistan
for the period up to 2025, including the priority and
strategic directions of the rapid development of the
tourism industry, are based on the importance of
creating
legislative,
economic,
financial
and
organizational conditions for the development of the
tourism industry;
in the medium term, tourism development factors will
ensure the rapid growth of all indicators of the tourism
industry due to diversification of types of tourist
products,
increase
of
foreign
and
domestic
investments, improvement of tourist infrastructure,
deepening of international cooperation, increase of the
country's tourist position in the international arena;
The concept of tourism development in the Republic
of Uzbekistan in 2019-2025 is to increase the
efficiency of the reforms carried out to create
favorable economic conditions and factors, to set
priority goals and objectives for the rapid development
of the tourism sector, to increase its role and share in
the economy, to diversify services and improve their
quality, and to improve the tourism infrastructure.
focused on improvement.
Thus, the presented innovative proposals help to
accelerate the development of the tourism sector in the
regions of Uzbekistan in the conditions of
modernization of the economy. The formation of a
tourism cluster will serve as a solid foundation for the
economic growth of the country's regions and help to
successfully implement economic reforms.
USED LITERATURE
[1] Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan
dated January 5, 2019 No. DP-5611 "On additional measures
for the rapid development of tourism in the Republic of
Uzbekistan".
[2] Aleksandrova A.Yu. Geography of tourism. M.: Aspect
Press, 2002. 6-7–pp.
[3] Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan
dated December 2, 2016 "On measures to ensure the rapid
development of the tourism sector of the Republic of
Uzbekistan" No. DP-4861//
[4]. Collection of legislative documents of the Republic of
Uzbekistan, 2016, No. 49, 558-p, 2017 No. 1, p. 3
[5] Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan
dated December 2, 2016 "On measures to ensure rapid
development of the tourism sector of the Republic of
Uzbekistan" No. PD-4861// Collection of legislative
documents of the Republic of Uzbekistan, 2016, No. 49,
558-p, 2017 No. 1, 3rd p.
