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THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
(Oddiy hozirgi zamon)
Xurriyatxon Xamzaxonovna Begmirzayeva
Farg‘ona viloyati Uchko‘prik tumani
1-son kasb-hunar maktabi ingiliz tili fani o‘qituvchisi
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10655285
Annotatsiya.
Bu maqolada hozirgi zamon shakli THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE haqida
va bu zamonning ishlatilishi haqida ma’lumotlar tadqiq qilinadi.
Kalit so‘zlar:
hozirgi zamon, shaxs, birliklar, fe’l, The Simple Present, I, he, she, do, does,
don’t, doesn’t.
THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
(Simple present tense)
Abstract.
This article explores information about THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE and its
usage.
Key words:
present tense, person, units, verb, The Simple Present, I, he, she, do, does,
don't, doesn't.
ПРОСТОЕ НАСТОЯЩЕЕ ВРЕМЯ
(Простое настоящее время)
Аннотация.
В данной статье рассматривается информация о ПРОСТОМ
НАСТОЯЩЕМ ВРЕМЕНИ и его использовании.
Ключевые слова:
настоящее время, человек, единицы, глагол, простое настоящее
время, я, он, она, делаю, делает, не делает, не делает.
Simple Presentning 3-shaxs birlikdan tashqari barcha shakllari fe’lning asosiy shaklini,
(infinitivning to yuklamasi tushirib qoldirilgan shaklini) qo‘yish bilan yasaladi. 3-shaxs birlikda
fe’lning asosiy shakliga -s qo‘shimchasi qo‘shiladi: to work I (we, you, they) work, he works.
3-shaxs birlik qo‘shimchasi -s jarangli undosh tovushlar va unlilardan keyin [z], jarangsiz
undosh tovushlardan keyin [s] deb o‘qiladi: He reads [ri:dz]. He sees [si:z]. He writes [raits].
3-shaxs birlikda ss, ch, sh, x harflar (sirg‘aluvchi tovushlar) bilan tugagan fe’llarga -es
qo‘shimchasi qo‘shiladi va [iz] deb o‘qiladi:
I pass, he passes;
I dress, he dresses;
I teach, he teaches;
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I wish, he wishes.
Izoh: Oldida undosh harfi bo‘lgan -y harfi bilan tugagan fe’llarga 3-shaxs birlikda -es
qo‘shimchasi qo‘shiladi va y harfi i harfiga aylanadi:
I cry, he cries [kraiz];
I carry, he carries [kariz).
Oldida unli harfi bo‘lgan y harfi bilan tugagan fe’llarga 3-shaxs birlikda umumiy qoida
asosida -s qo‘shimchasi qo‘shiladi:
I play, he plays [pleiz].
3-shaxs birlikda to do, to go fe’llariga -es qo‘shimchasi qo‘shiladi: He goes, he does.
2. Boʻlishsiz shakli asosiy fe’lning oldiga do (does) yordamchi fe’lini va not inkor
yuklamasini qo‘yish bilan yasaladi:
Ega + do (does) + not + V
I do not work. He does not work.
3. So‘roq shakli do yordamchi fe’lini (3-shaxs birlikda does) cgadan oldinga qo'yish bilan
yasaladi: Do I work? Does he (she) work?
Do Does + ega + V?
4. Og‘zaki nutqda quyidagi qisqartirmalar qo‘llaniladi:
I don’t work.
He (she, it) doesn't.
We (you, they) don't.
ODDIY HOZIRGI (SIMPLE PRESENT) ZAMONNING ISHLATILISHI:
A.
Simple Present odatiy, doimiy, egaga xos bo‘lgan yoki umuman yuz beradigan ish-
harakatini ifodalash uchun ishlatiladi (hozir emas):
1.
The postman
brings
us the newspaper in the morning.
2.
John
walks
to school every day.
3.
The earth
goes
round the sun.
4.
An atheist
doesn't
believe in God.
5.
What
does
this word mean? He lives in Tashkent.
6.
He
speaks
French well.
B. Ingliz tilida davom zamonlarda ishlatilmaydigan
to see, to recognize, to want, to
understand
kabi fe’llar bor. Bunday fe’llar bilan hozir, gapirilayotgan paytda davom etayotgan
ish harakatni ifodalash uchun Present Continuous emas, Simple Present ishlatiladi:
I
see
a ship in the distance.
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Don’t
talk
so loudly, I hear you well.
I don't
understand
this sentence.
C. If agar,
unless
agar...-masa,
provided that
bo‘lsa, shartda,
when
-da, paytida,
before
oldin,
until
-maguncha,
till
-gacha
as
soon as
-gach,
as long as
-da kabi bog‘lovchilar bilan
bog‘langan shart va payt ergash gaplarda Simple Present Simple Future oʻrnida kelasi zamondagi
ish-harakatni ifodalash uchun ishlatiladi:
If
he
comes
, I shall ask him about it.
I shall go there
unless
it
rains
.
I shall stay here
until
he
returns
.
We shall send you the documents
as soon as
we
receive
them from London.
D. Harakatni (qatnovni) ifodalaydigan
to leave
jo‘namoq, tark etmoq,
to start
boshlamoq,
to sail
suzib ketmoq,
to return
qaytib kelmoq,
to arrive
yetib kelmoq,
to go
bormoq,
to come
kelmoq kabi fe’llar bilan Simple Present kelasi zamondagi ish-harakatni ifodalaydi.
Bunda kelasi zamonni ko‘rsatuvchi payt holi bo‘lishi kerak:
Does
your brother
arrive
on Monday?
The steamer
sails
tomorrow.
Xulosa qilib aytganda, Simple Present—hozirgi zamon hisoblanib odatiy ish harakatlar,
har doim takrorlanib turadigan ish-harakatlarni ifodalashda ishlatiladi. Bu maqolada bu zamon
shaklining ishlatil yo‘llari ham ko‘rsatilib o‘tildi.
REFERENCES
1.
Cambridge English Skills Real Listening and Speaking 2 with Answers and Audio CD:
Level 1-2
2.
John and Liz soars. "New headway" (All levels) Oxford university.
3.
Malcolm Mann. Destination (full set) Macmillan Education, UK-2013.
4.
https://www.native-english.ru/grammar/present-simple.
5.
Davron Abdullaev. ENGLISH TENSES IN COLOURS. Toshkent. 2017
6.
https://fayllar.org/present-simple--hozirgi-oddiy-zamon.html?page=2
7.
https://bilimlar.uz/ingliz-tili-darslari/page/2/
8.
https://alsina-sa.com/uz/Bibliya/Present-simple-tilida-gaplar-qanday-tuziladi.html
