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ADVANTAGES ANDA DISADVANTAGES OF LASER THERAPY TREATMENT OF
DISEASES OF THE ORAL MUCOSA IN CHILDREN
Orifkhujaeva Mekhriniso Valijonovna
Trainee-teacher of the Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Asian International
University.
E-mail:
orifxujayevamehrinisovalijonovna@oxu.uz
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14709552
Abstract. Lasers have been practiced in dental surgery for almost 30 years, and have now
become commonplace in dental treatment, both as an additional method of treatment and as a
separate addition to dental equipment. What is usually called dental laser treatment is subject to
the category of laser dentistry. Laser dentistry includes periodontal treatment, auxiliary
periodontal regeneration, oral implants, minimally invasive oral surgery, restorative dentistry,
endodontic treatment, external oral and maxillary treatment, orthodontics and other areas.
Keywords: dentistry, epithelization, radiation, dental procedures, anesthesia, teeth.
ПРЕИМУЩЕСТВА И НЕДОСТАТКИ ЛАЗЕРНОЙ ТЕРАПИИ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ
СЛИЗИСТОЙ ОБОЛОЧКИ ПОЛОСТИ РТА У ДЕТЕЙ
Аннотация. Лазеры применяются в стоматологической хирургии уже почти 30
лет и в настоящее время стали обычным явлением в стоматологическом лечении, как в
качестве дополнительного метода лечения, так и в качестве отдельного дополнения к
стоматологическому оборудованию. То, что обычно называют стоматологическим
лазерным лечением, относится к категории лазерной стоматологии. Лазерная
стоматология
включает
пародонтологическое
лечение,
вспомогательную
пародонтальную регенерацию, имплантацию полости рта, малоинвазивную хирургию
полости рта, восстановительную стоматологию, эндодонтическое лечение, внешнее
лечение полости рта и верхней челюсти, ортодонтия и другие направления.
Ключевые слова: стоматология, эпителизация, излучение, стоматологические
процедуры, анестезия, зубы.
Laser radiation significantly increases the proliferative activity of cells by 1.3-3.5 times. It
turns out that laser light has an anti-inflammatory effect on damage to the oral mucosa, contributes
to the acceleration of epithelization and the restoration of mucous membrane tissues in the area of
the defect. This effect is primarily due to increased DNA synthesis in cells. It turns out that during
irradiation, the intensity of blood supply increases by 20%. The optimal dose of vasoconstrictor
radiation is 100 mW/S2 (for GNL). With the development of the Constrictor reaction, some
researchers also associate the deterministic effects of laser radiation observed in the clinic.
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In an experiment on the post-traumatic regeneration model of the mucous membrane of the
tongue, faster and better epithelization of the wound (power density 200 mW/cm2, with single
exposure) and 1 mW/cm2 with daily exposure) was recorded after exposure to helium-neon laser
light[3]. A study of the microstructure of the gum after 1, 3 and 6 sessions of daily radiation with
GNL rays showed that there is a clear reaction by its main elements. In the epithelial cells of the
Stratum corneum, there are light vacuoles and strong osmotic fragments, and in the granular layer
the number of osmotic granules increases. Large amounts of mitochondria appear in muscle fibers
and erythrocyte accumulation in blood vessels is detected. All this is evidenced by the increased
synthesis of substances in cells under the influence of laser radiation.
All lasers work by transferring energy in the form of light. When used in surgical and dental
procedures, the laser acts as a cutting tool or vaporizer for the tissue it comes into contact with.
When used in teeth whitening procedures, the laser acts as a heat source and enhances the
effect of bleaching agents.
What are the pros and cons of using a laser in dentistry?
Positive
Compared to the traditional dental drill, lasers:
In some cases, it may cause less pain, so the need for anesthesia is reduced.
It can reduce anxiety in patients who experience discomfort when using a dental drill.
Minimize bleeding and swelling during soft tissue treatment
Minuses
The disadvantages of lasers are as follows:
Lasers cannot be used on teeth with fillings already installed.
Lasers cannot be used in many common dental procedures. For example, lasers cannot be
used to fill cavities located between teeth, around old fillings and large cavities that need to be
prepared for crowns. In addition, lasers cannot be used to remove defective crowns or silver fillings,
or to prepare teeth for bridges.
Even when using a laser, traditional drills may be required to shape the seal, adjust the bite,
and polish the seal.
Lasers do not eliminate the need for anesthesia.
Laser treatment is usually more expensive — the cost of a laser is much higher than the
cost of a dental drill. Compared to about $600 for a standard drill, lasers can cost anywhere from
a few thousand dollars to over $100,000 for one that can be used for cutting teeth.
Until now, most patients have often experienced psychoemotional stress before visiting the
dentist and during dental procedures. The current stage of dental development involves the creation
of comfortable conditions for the patient during high-quality modern treatment.
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The use of laser technologies is a promising area in dental practice. The interest in laser
technology is explained by the many advantages over other treatment methods.
Anti–inflammatory effect, biostimulating effect that enhances tissue regeneration and
promotes rapid healing and prevention of postoperative scarring, antibacterial effect, excellent
hemostatic effect, analgesic and immunostimulating effects - this is a fairly small list of positive
properties of laser radiation, which are so necessary for use in medical dental practice. When using
laser radiation in the treatment process, there is no pressure, friction and vibration, since the
process takes place without direct contact with tissues. Laser radiation has virtually no effect on
nerve cells, which allows for treatment with a minimum amount of anesthetic, and in some cases
without the use of anesthesia, which is a huge advantage in the dental treatment of pregnant women
and children.
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