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ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS INSTIGATORS CHARACTERISTIC AND
THEIR CLINICAL IMPORTANCE
Jumayeva D.R.
Asia International University
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15043372
Viruses breath of the roads sharp infections reason divider main from factors one is , this
diseases every year world more than 4 million across more than human to life surety Acute
respiratory viral infection infections (ARVI) in the world various in countries illness in the
structure leader place This of diseases prevent to take and treatment tools working exit according
to big to efforts despite the results still not much satisfactory not . [1, 2].
Research most of the flu pathogenesis and him/her prevent to take and treatment methods
to study focused on. However every year of the flu observable epidemics, diseases the most high
to the top reach at the time variability, seasonal advantage virus strains causing prophecy in
doing mistakes this shows that the current prevention system the flu enough at the level control
do can't get it. World health storage According to the World Health Organization (WHO),
according to, pandemics between in periods world every year throughout an average of 1 billion
people flu with infected, of which 3–5 million cases disease heavy in the form passes, from
300,000 to 500,000 patient death Breathe. roads from infections the most high death level young
children and elderly between observed. In 2008, under 5 years old was children between flu with
90 million cases of infection organization reached if, different to the grades According to, from
28,000 to 111,000 of them situation death with completed. Their most income low level and
middle was in countries observed. Thus so, medicine in the field to developments Despite this,
viral respiratory infections, including influenza, are still a serious health storage problem become
remains. Main problems viruses high variability, seasonal vaccines enough effective not being
and epidemics in advance clear forecast to do difficulty with depends.
Current scientific research on universal vaccines working exit, wide impact to the circle
antiviral drugs create and more precisely diagnostics methods working to go out focused on.
However viral to infections against struggle complex This requires an approach. vaccination,
sanitation and hygiene to the measures compliance to do, to treat the sick fast determination and
effective treatment such as measures own inside takes. [5].
Breath to take of the roads viral infections the most often occurring contagious diseases.
Contains 200 close etiological spontaneously contagious infections known are, they are air-
droplet through transition mechanism, pathological of processes development and clinical
appearances because of one to the group combined. High breath of the roads infections (URTI)
group rhinoviruses, influenza viruses A (A (H1N1), A (H2N2) and A (H3N2) and B small
735
ResearchBib IF - 11.01, ISSN: 3030-3753, Volume 2 Issue 3
species, parainfluenza, human respiratory syncytial virus , as well as HRSV and adenoviruses
enters . Sharp inflammation. viral impact as a result breath to their paths take comes Mucus floor
desquamation virus type depending on the URTI various level injury of the disease etiology
related to be possible: nasopharyngitis (rhinoviruses, coronaviruses, influenza viruses A and B,
parainfluenza). Also known as HRSV syncytial virus and adenoviruses), pharyngotonsillitis
(adenoviruses, Coxsackie Hepatitis A and B infections with), pharyngo-conjunctivitis
(adenoviruses brought (extracting), small aged in children stenotic laryngitis (flu) and
parainfluenza viruses respiratory viral infection in diseases development the children own inside
to receive need up to 2 months had, in the anamnesis febrile spasms with , central nerve system
diseases , chronic blood rotation pathology and hereditary metabolic diseases , lungs and
bronchial of tubes chronic diseases was adults, also elderly aged people [8] .
The most wide widespread viruses influenza, parainfluenza, adenoviruses, coronaviruses,
human metapneumovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, human rhinoviruses and bocaviruses.
except, last in years enteroviruses (ESHO, Coxsackie ), reoviruses, Epstein-Barr virus and other
pathogens causing ARVI as often They are not only breath of the roads to damage take to come,
maybe the most many occurring viruses with together additional pathogen also manifested as to
be possible . From the initiator strict look, infection entrance place and localization territory high
breath roads viruses epithelial in cells the most active in a way increases. ARVI pathogens
mainly air-droplet way through — cough, sneeze, conversation during, also polluted household
items through spreads. Breath roads viruses external in the environment viability Duration from
7 to 12 days continue [ 6 ].
Breath roads viruses high meeting frequency and mixed infections
Doctors often in the div one how many breath roads viruses there is to be probability
enough does not evaluate and many in cases only flu the initiator or even only strain A (H1N1)
pdm09 determination with is limited. However many in patients sharp breath roads diseases
various viruses joint infection as a result to the surface For example, the laboratory by approved
flu with sick in 23% of patients at least again one breath roads viral pathogen Coinfection
detected. doer viruses coronavirus, rhinovirus, bocavirus and parainfluenza with sick also found
in 24–32% of patients. ARVI pathogens molecular check methods further improvement and wide
application as a result viral mixed infections of detection share increase is expected. For
example, recently held from research in one coronavirus with related breath roads to diseases
played of patients only 30 % monoinfection approved if, in 70% of patients viral mixed infection
detected, 18% of them and three and from it more than breath roads viral pathogens existence
record [ 4,5 ].
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Mixed infections problem practical point from the point of view important importance
has.
First, one how many breath roads pathogens combination usually the course of ARVI
For example, RSV and other breath roads viruses with co-infected in children of the disease
heavy or middle heavy forms of RSV- monoinfection than more Secondly, mixed infections
many in terms of this explains that the laboratory by approved with the flu etiotropic drugs early
used In any case, treatment the result is always satisfactory It will not happen. [3].
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) -RSV to oneself originality is that in it neuraminidase
and hemagglutinin there is not, also, it is lower breath roads mucus floor superficial epithelium
to tropism has. This is him/her bronchitis and bronchiolitis main from the causes to one The
virus main infection way — air -droplet through, but personal hygiene items through infection
cases are also recorded The room RSV at room temperature for up to 6 hours preserved remains.
RSV all young in the group people damage possible, sporadic diseases and breath roads
infections epidemics reason to be possible. However, it is the most many small aged children and
old aged people between occurs with RSV related Conditions: Bronchitis and up to 70% of
bronchiolitis, up to 58.2% of pneumonia. In the first years of life, RSV called bronchiolitis in the
future bronchial asthma to develop reason to be possible. [ 2].
Rhinoviruses-current at the time human 113 serological strains of rhinoviruses type They
are RNA - containing. viruses is high breath roads epithelium strong to tropism has and many in
quantity like water liquid nose secretions ( profusion) rhinitis (cause ) will be.This viruses main
infection way — air-droplet through, but personal hygiene items through infection infection
possibility is also an exception Rhinoviruses various serotypes wide prevalence and to them
against harvest to be immunity short term that is because of epidemic duration one how many
from the month one how many up to a year ( less occurring in options ) to be possible.
Metapneumovirus infection.
Human metapneumovirus (MPVCh) — Metapneumovirus genus belonging is
Pneumovirinae junior family and Paramyxoviridae family first human pathogen is.MPVCh
genotypes A and B of separated are, they are epidemics in parallel with time spread possible , but
usually from them one advantage does.Metapneumovirus whole world along widespread and
his/her seasonal rotation flu and RSV viruses is similar. This infection adults and in children
sometimes asymptomatic past possible, but some in cases: high breath roads light from
infections. Severe to pneumonia was clinical manifestation to be possible.
Etiotropic therapy tools
Etiotropic therapy tools of the disease the initiator, that is breath roads viruses against
Special antiviral drugs directly infection to the initiator impact does, its in the div increase stop
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the disease to treat help gives.In the world medicinal preparations, including those on the
Russian market register past flu and ARVI treatment for used all medicine tools conditional
accordingly three to the group divided into:
1. Infection entrance at the doors (breath) roads mucus (floors) localization doer tools;
2. Directly to the antivirus effect has preparations;
3. Microorganisms protection mechanisms suppressor and intermediate antiviral effect
indicative tools.
Conclusion.
Acute respiratory viral infection clinical signs of infection (ARVI) image
etiological factor, patient immune system condition, age and companion pathologies to the
existence looking at noticeable at the level difference does. But the flu and ARVI most cases for
three main syndrome separation possible: intoxication, catarrhal and hemorrhagic. Disease first
days and hours during appearance to be symptoms infection at the doors located local
inflammation reaction development with depends. Next of symptoms development unborn
immunity factors to the activity and the virus complete no to do aimed at high-specific immune
reactions speed defines. Sometimes excess local inflammation reaction to the surface come, this
surrounding of tissues wide extensive perish to be and viremia to develop take comes, as a result
sharp breath roads diseases, infectious-toxic shock, acute respiratory distress syndrome and
multiple organ failure such as dangerous complications to the surface comes. So even common
ARVI symptoms there is even though, first from hours starting with antivirus and pathogenesis
against medications (for inflammation) against and antioxidants) application recommendation is
being
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