May, 2025-Yil
783
INNOVATIVE SURGICAL AND CONSERVATIVE TREATMENTS FOR PEDIATRIC
OTITIS MEDIA WITH EFFUSION (OME): A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
¹Bo'riyev Shaxzod Saydullo o'g'li
²Lapasov Mirsaid Xasan o‘g‘li
³Asrorov Oybek Akmal oʻg'li
¹'²'³Samarkand State Medical University
2nd year residents of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology No. 2
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15521236
Abstract.
Otitis Media with Effusion (OME) is a common pediatric condition characterized
by the accumulation of fluid in the middle ear without signs of acute infection. This study reviews
current diagnostic criteria and both surgical and conservative treatment modalities, focusing on
improving hearing outcomes and preventing chronic complications.
Keywords:
Otitis media with effusion, pediatric ENT, ventilation tube, adenoidectomy,
balloon Eustachian tuboplasty, hearing loss.
Introduction
OME affects approximately 20% of children by the age of 2 and is the leading cause of
hearing impairment in early childhood, impacting speech and language development. The
multifactorial etiology includes Eustachian tube dysfunction, infections, allergies, and craniofacial
abnormalities. Early diagnosis and management are essential to prevent long-term sequelae.
Pathophysiology
Eustachian tube dysfunction results in poor aeration and drainage of the middle ear, leading
to effusion accumulation. Chronic inflammation and biofilm formation may contribute to
persistent effusions and recurrent infections. Risk factors include upper respiratory infections,
passive smoking, and allergic rhinitis.
Clinical Presentation
Symptoms may be subtle or absent; however, children may exhibit hearing difficulties,
speech delay, or behavioral changes. Otoscopic examination typically shows a dull, retracted
tympanic membrane with fluid level or bubbles.
Diagnostic Techniques
Tympanometry: Assesses middle ear pressure and mobility of the tympanic membrane.
Audiometry: Evaluates hearing levels, crucial for assessing the impact on language
development.
Nasopharyngoscopy: To exclude nasopharyngeal masses or adenoid hypertrophy
contributing to Eustachian tube obstruction.
Treatment Options
Conservative Management: Includes watchful waiting for 3 months, use of nasal steroids,
and treatment of allergies.
Surgical Treatment: Myringotomy with or without ventilation tube insertion remains the
gold standard for persistent OME causing significant hearing loss. Adenoidectomy is considered
when adenoid hypertrophy contributes to obstruction.
May, 2025-Yil
784
Emerging Therapies: Balloon Eustachian Tuboplasty (BET) offers a minimally invasive
option to restore Eustachian tube function in selected cases.
Materials and Method
s
A prospective observational study at Samarkand State Medical University ENT
Department involved 80 pediatric patients with OME. Patients underwent tympanometry,
audiometry, and nasopharyngoscopy. Treatment was tailored according to severity and persistence
of effusion. Outcomes assessed at 6 and 12 months included hearing improvement and recurrence
rates.
Results
Watchful waiting led to spontaneous resolution in 40% of cases within 3 months. Nasal
steroids improved symptoms in 30%. Surgical intervention with ventilation tubes was required in
35 children, showing significant hearing improvement (average gain of 20 dB). Adenoidectomy
performed in 15 cases reduced recurrence rates. Balloon Eustachian Tuboplasty, applied in 10
cases, demonstrated promising early results with improved middle ear ventilation and symptom
relief.
Discussion
Management of pediatric OME requires balancing the benefits of intervention against
potential risks. Conservative management is appropriate initially, but surgery should not be
delayed in children with persistent effusion and hearing loss. Newer techniques like BET expand
therapeutic options, but further long-term studies are needed.
Conclusion
Optimizing treatment for pediatric OME involves individualized assessment and a stepwise
approach. Combining conservative and surgical strategies ensures the best auditory and
developmental outcomes, minimizing complications.
REFERENCES
1.
Taxsinovna N. M. et al. VESTIBULAR VASCULAR REACTIONS IN ASSESSMENT
OF VESTIBULAR DYSFUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH CRANIOCEREBRAL
TRAUMA //INNOVATIVE ACHIEVEMENTS IN SCIENCE 2024. – 2024. – Т. 3. – №.
29. – С. 104-111.
2.
Uskov A. et al. Modern methods of therapeutic fasting as a way to overcome the
pharmacoresistance of mental pathology //Science and innovation. – 2023. – Т. 2. – №.
D12. – С. 179-185.
3.
Abdukodirova S., . SPECIFIC CHARACTERISTICS AND TREATMENT OF ACUTE
OBSTRUCTIVE BRONCHITIS IN CHILDREN OF EARLY AGE //Science and
innovation. – 2023. – Т. 2. – №. D11. – С. 5-8.
4.
Tahirova J. et al. Insomnia problem causes of sleep disorder, help measures at home
//Science and innovation. – 2022. – Т. 1. – №. D8. – С. 521-525.
5.
Sultanov S. et al. Long-term salbi effects of the covid-19 pandemic on the health of existing
residents of alcohol addiction //Science and innovation. – 2023. – Т. 2. – №. D11. – С.
430-438.
May, 2025-Yil
785
6.
Madaminov M., . Breast cancer detection methods, symptoms, causes, treatment //Science
and innovation. – 2022. – Т. 1. – №. D8. – С. 530-535.
7.
Khaitov A. A. et al. Optimization of one-stage sanitation of the nasopharynx and tympanic
8.
cavity in case of recurrent exudative otitis media // Current scientific research in the
modern
9.
world. - 2018. - No. 1-8. - P. 81-84. (in Russ)
10.
Jalalova D. et al. СОЧЕТАННАЯ СТОМАТОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ И ГЛАЗНАЯ
ПАТОЛОГИЯ //Science and innovation. – 2022. – Т. 1. – №. D8. – С. 91-100.
11.
Tohirova J. D. Jalalova TYPES OF HEMORRHAGIC DISEASES //CHANGES IN
NEWBOENS, THEIR EARLY DIAGNOSIS.-2022.
12.
Tahirova J. et al. Neurose causes and mechanisms of development, symptoms, treatment,
prevention //Science and innovation. – 2022. – Т. 1. – №. D8. – С. 515-520.
13.
Kiyomov I., . IMPROVING SURGICAL TREATMENT METHODS FOR PATIENTS
WITH NASAL PATHOLOGY //Science and innovation. – 2023. – Т. 2. – №. D11. – С.
226-231.
14.
Sarkisova V. et al. CYTOKINE PROFILE IN PATIENTS WITH GRANULOMATOSIS
WITH POLYANGIITIS (WEGENER'S) //Science and innovation. – 2023. – Т. 2. – №.
D11. – С. 336-343.
15.
Sarkisova V., Lapasova Z., O. Rakhmanov INFLAMMATORY DISEASES OF THE
PELVIC WOMEN ORGANS. – 2023.
16.
Jalalova D., Raxmonov X., . РОЛЬ С–РЕАКТИВНОГО БЕЛКА В ПАТОГЕНЕЗЕ
СОСУДИСТЫХ
ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ
ОРГАНА
ЗРЕНИЯ
У
БОЛЬНЫХ
АРТЕРИАЛЬНОЙ ГИПЕРТЕНЗИЕЙ //Science and innovation. – 2022. – Т. 1. – №. D8.
– С. 114-121.
17.
Malakhov A. et al. Modern views on the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with
dementia //Science and innovation. – 2023. – Т. 2. – №. D12. – С. 322-329.
18.
Jalalova D., Raxmonov X., ЗНАЧЕНИЕ ДИСФУНКЦИИ ЭНДОТЕЛИЯ В РАЗВИТИЕ
РЕТИНОПАТИИ У БОЛЬНЫХ АГ И ПУТИ ЕГО КОРРЕКЦИИ //Science and
innovation. – 2022. – Т. 1. – №. D8. – С. 101-113.
19.
Madaminov M., .Acute tonsillitis (angina) causes, complications, diagnosis, treatment,
prevention //Science and innovation. – 2022. – Т. 1. – №. D8. – С. 771-779.
20.
F. The problem of insomnia causes of sleep disorder, remedies at home //Science and
innovation. – 2023. – Т. 2. – №. D1. – С. 79-84.
21.
Sattarova S., FEATURES OF ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL METHODS FOR
GUILLAIN–BARRÉ SYNDROME //Science and innovation. – 2023. – Т. 2. – №. D10. –
С. 199-204.
22.
F. Hymoritis symptoms, treatment, methods of folk medicine, prevention //Science and
innovation. – 2023. – Т. 2. – №. D1. – С. 72-78.
23.
Zhalalova D. et al. INFORMATION POINT OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD INDEXES IN
THE DIAGNOSIS OF THE ETIOLOGY OF OPTIC NERVE DAMAGE //Science and
innovation. – 2023. – Т. 2. – №. D11. – С. 124-130.
May, 2025-Yil
786
24.
Takhsinovna N. M., Musinovna R. K. CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPLAINTS FROM
WORKERS IN NOISE PROFESSIONS, HAVING HEARING IMPAIRMENTS //Health
Horizon: Congress on Public Health and Biomedical Sciences. – 2025. – Т. 1. – №. 1. – С.
28-30.
25.
Rotanov, A. (2023). Elderly epilepsy: neurophysiological aspects of non-psychotic mental
disorders. Science and innovation, 2(D12), 192-197.
26.
Taxsinovna N. M. et al. VESTIBULAR VASCULAR REACTIONS IN ASSESSMENT
OF VESTIBULAR DYSFUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH CRANIOCEREBRAL
TRAUMA //INNOVATIVE ACHIEVEMENTS IN SCIENCE 2024. – 2024. – Т. 3. – №.
29. – С. 104-111.
