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METHODS OF TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGE (ENGLISH) IN THE CIS
COUNTRIES
Mekhmonova Zulfizar Ne’matilla kizi
English teacher and Methodist at Ajou University in Tashkent
Contact number: +998 977332016
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14709780
Abstract.
There are different approaches and methods available in teaching English. It is
important to consider new ways to stimulate students’ speech when teaching a foreign
language. However, there always stick to old methods and use outdated textbooks. This can
cause problems and prevent you from achieving a good level of English proficiency. But if you
use new methods, you can easily master spoken English and gradually improve it. Eventually
you will be able to speak English as well as a native speaker.
Keywords:
methodology, English, immersive language learning, classical method, use of
modern technologies.
Nowadays we have passed the point in which the study and purpose of a foreign
language was reduced to the inactive selection of new vocabulary words and phrases.
Monotony, boring memorization of grammatical rules and, at best, the ability to translate a
Russian sentence into a foreign language - this is the maximum of superiority in mastering a
non-domestic means of communication. And even if a large number of approaches to teaching
a foreign language and methods have been known for a long time, a real revolutionary change
in methods of teaching English. A revolution took place in our country only in the twentieth
century. Approaches and goals have changed. All people today study a foreign language. The
number of techniques has increased in proportion to the number of people. However, each
technique has its pros and cons. Today, the operating principles of the old school are
criticized, despite the results achieved with the help of the “classics”. The question is what
price was paid for these results. Usually, to master a language, you need to spend a long time
reading books.
The formation of the grammatical base of the language being studied is the main task of
the classical method. Its goal is to understand the intricacies and details of the principles of a
foreign language, and not just study it. To achieve this goal, a lot of time is required, which
must be spent on translations, reading texts, memorizing new words and performing various
exercises and retellings. To change the activity, tasks are offered, such as writing essays or
dictations. The classical method is one of the oldest methods, which is intended for people
who are interested in understanding the subtleties and details of the principles of a foreign
language.
Many language universities in Uzbekistan and neighboring countries prefer the method
of learning English “from scratch”, from the basics, which is well known to those who started
learning English at school. Studying grammar and basic rules, which are then applied in
specific examples and reinforced with exercises, the author of the famous textbook “Bonk”, is
the most popular representative of the traditional method. This book remains the standard,
which, together with other representatives of the traditional methodology, creates a kind of
template. He went through tough competition with new techniques from the West. However,
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the classical technique has a disadvantage in colloquial speech. We can correct this by adding
communicative techniques to the classical technique. The principles of the lingo-sociocultural
method make it possible to study English not only as a set of lexical and grammatical rules,
but as a means of communication that helps self-expression. Proponents of this method argue
that without extra-linguistic factors, learning a foreign language becomes boring and
pointless. They prioritize not only speaking, but also the ability to express themselves. Thus,
the lingosociocultural method offers a new approach to learning English. A foreign language, a
kind of mirror, has become a means of reflection of the way of life, the history of language,
traditions and culture. The communicative method is a leader among other methods of
teaching foreign languages, enjoying success in America and Europe. This technique,
continuing its global expansion, has reached our country and has taken a strong place in
leading language universities. It is based on the fusion of two key approaches. As the name
suggests, communication plays a key role in the communicative approach. The main goal of
this technique is to overcome the language barrier. It is important to help people overcome
their fear of an unfamiliar language and learn to speak it while developing other skills such as
writing, reading and listening. It is worth noting that grammar is studied in the context of
spoken language. Students in the communicative method of communicating in a foreign
language first study and memorize language formulas, expressions and phrases, and then
become familiar with grammatical structures that are found in memorized phrases. Thus, we
can say that the principle of oral advance is applied in this technique. The name of the
technique itself indicates that the main focus is on the practice of communication. The
communicative technique is aimed at developing the skills of oral speech in a foreign
language. It should also be noted that the use of this technique may have an impact on
students. The use of game situations, group work and the development of tasks for finding
errors and comparisons play an important role in the classroom, as they force the active use
of not only memory, but also logic. It helps develop analytical thinking and imaginative
thinking, and stimulates the expression of thoughts. Currently, the modern IT industry
provides the latest interactive resources for learning English, such as the latest generation
computers and the Internet. In practice, it is important to use all media, such as TV programs,
newspapers and magazines. This helps students develop an interest in the history, culture and
traditions of the country they are studying, and develops skills necessary for the future.
Learning is an active interaction between teacher and students and cannot be one-sided. The
success of the learning process depends on the teacher and his personal experience.
Increasing the effectiveness of teaching grammar occurs through the use of a variety of
techniques within the framework of communicative, inductive and deductive methods. The
results of the experimental and practical work confirm this statement. We note that the
methods of teaching English have undergone significant changes over time. From a passive
and monotonous process, language learning has turned into an exciting, technologically
driven and communicative experience. These achievements have not only made learning a
foreign language more effective, but also more enjoyable for students.
As a conclusion, approaches and goals in the field of learning foreign languages in the
20th century have changed significantly. In the modern era, it has become almost necessary
for everyone to speak at least one foreign language. Consequently, the number of language
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learning methods has increased in proportion to the growing interest. Despite this, it is
important to note that each method has its own advantages and disadvantages. It should be
noted that the field of foreign language learning has come a long way in the 20th century.
Although traditional methods have been criticized, they have undoubtedly produced positive
results. Today, the availability of diverse approaches and the integration of technology have
made language learning more accessible and enjoyable. The key is finding the right approach
that suits your individual learning style and goals.
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