SCIENCE AND INNOVATION IN THE
EDUCATION SYSTEM
International scientific-online conference
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RESTORATION EVENTS IN THE HISTORICAL CITY OF KHIVA
I.O.Rustamov
Doctoral student of the Khorezm Academy Mamun, Khiva
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15663687
Annotation:
This article expounds upon the historical underpinnings of the
city of Khiva, a subject that demands a meticulous approach in terms of research,
design, and survey work due to its unique and intricate nature.
Keywords:
heritage preservation, restoration, reconstruction, tourism,
architecture, ensemble.
The restoration of the historical part of the city of Khiva is a unique matter
that is extremely complex in nature. It requires a particularly responsible
approach to research and design as well as survey work. Experts have noted that
shortcomings and instances of negligence in the quality of reconstruction
activities are pervasive in Uzbekistan's historical cities. Consequently, the
matter of the restoration of the central districts of historical cities warrants
particular consideration. The practice of world architecture provides numerous
examples of how an unsuccessful general plan or insufficiently tested methods
of reconstructing the street network of ancient cities can lead to the one-time or
gradual destruction of valuable urban planning monuments from the past.
Tashkent and Shakhrisabz serve as a poignant example of this phenomenon. The
historical corpus that has been transmitted to us in the form of architectural
ensembles constitutes the collective experience of our ancestors, the ingenuity
of master builders, and the accumulated wisdom of successive generations,
ensconced within the confines of an urban environment. Nevertheless, in the
course of our work, we repeatedly encounter a lack of consideration for this
significant history. In certain instances, the historical urban layout of a city's
core is compromised by the introduction of new transportation infrastructure.
In other scenarios, the historical city center undergoes adaptations to
accommodate functions that diverge from its traditional role.
As a result, the spatial organization and artistic expressiveness of the
territories are lost. Enormous damage to the urban heritage is caused today by
anthropogenic loads, intensive urban transport and the construction of large-
scale administrative, commercial and residential buildings. We constantly
encounter this in the historical districts of Tashkent or in the visibility zone of
the classical ensembles of Bukhara and Samarkand. The cognitive value of
historical cities increases significantly when, during reconstruction, it is possible
to clearly reveal the entire depth of the cultural layer, make the main stages of
SCIENCE AND INNOVATION IN THE
EDUCATION SYSTEM
International scientific-online conference
68
the creative strategy of urban development available for viewing, and indicate
the sequence of development and the validity of changes.
The artistic expressiveness of the central part of a historical city depends,
first of all, on the aesthetic merits of its ensembles, their preservation, on our
ability to restore lost dominants, and eliminate dissonances.
When restoring
historical buildings and architectural ensembles in the urban space, it is
necessary to create an environment where the special features inherent in the
artistic concept of certain outstanding cultural monuments would be revealed to
the fullest extent. From this point of view, it is certainly unacceptable to destroy
the environmental surroundings of monuments, without which the conditions of
their visual perception change. In these cases, even the most spectacular object
ceases to be part of the common heritage, its essence is emasculated, and its
historical value is reduced. However, when restoring the spatial environment of
historical ensembles and buildings as much as possible, preserving the
conditions of their perception, we should not refuse to create new viewpoints
and routes that allow us to see and perceive the city in a new way, and use new
artistic effects. A modern person living in a more or less monotonous
environment is drawn to any manifestations of individuality. He is certainly
attracted by the vivid contrasts of the past and present – and not only in the
comparison of architectural works, but also in life itself. The experience of
reconstructing the central part of historical cities and adapting old buildings to
modern needs gives many examples of serious creative solutions to these
problems. For example, tourists who find themselves in the central part of
historical cities are always willing to tune in to the perception of the past, which
evokes forgotten facts and knowledge, allows them to mentally reproduce the
way of life that once was here. Architectural monuments, ancient city buildings
contribute to this effect, provide an excellent opportunity to plunge into the past.
Contact with the authentic creativity of old masters serves as a powerful
emotional impulse, stimulating the work of the imagination. Modern tourism is
gradually moving from the category of exclusively entertaining pastime to
meaningful, intellectual, educational recreation.
It increasingly contributes to the spiritual, moral, and aesthetic education of
man. Real architecture introduces real history, real art, and its best examples.
Reliability, authenticity in relation to the legacy of the past, and consistent
development of forms of continuity - this is what allows us to adapt history to
the realities of our time. All of the above can be translated from the category of
global general principles into local requirements that determine the specifics of
SCIENCE AND INNOVATION IN THE
EDUCATION SYSTEM
International scientific-online conference
69
the reconstruction of the central part of the historical city of Khiva. Thus, we will
receive a consistent methodology for working with the historical, cultural, and
architectural heritage of the modern urban space that exists today.
The creative and highly professional level of development of these
problems determines the fate of the heritage, the degree of its rational use in the
formation of the general appearance of the central core of the historical part of
the city, including the solution of ideological problems. The comprehensive
development and deepening of the cognitive functions of historical cities play a
huge role in the education of civic consciousness in the younger generation, in
strengthening its moral principles. In this area, a broad exchange of opinions,
experience, creative discussion is needed to clarify and develop those principles
that will subsequently form the basis for the work on the reconstruction of the
historical part of the city of Khiva. We are confident that the results of this work
will be of scientific and creative interest to all architects studying the historical,
cultural and architectural heritage of the urban space.
References:
1. G.S. Durdieva History of Khiva reconstruction and restoration of architectural
monuments of Khiva 2012.
2. Bulatova V.A., Notkin I.I. Historical monuments of the city of Khiva Tashkent
1963
3. Report on scientific-research work on "Development of scientific foundations
of methods for the protection of architectural monuments of Khorezm from
physical and biological influences." (in Russian) /Report on scientific-research
work - "Development of scientific foundations, methods for the protection of
architectural monuments of Khorezm from physical and biological influences."
State Scientific and Technical Program of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Grant P-
8.24. Khiva – 2005.
