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MODELING BASIS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF PUBLIC SERVICE
INDUSTRIES
Rakhimov Anvar Norimovich
PhD, assoc. prof. University of Economics and Pedagogy
ORCID: 0009-0009-2855-4084
Uralov Tulqin Tashquvatovich
Master's student at the
University of Economics and Pedagogy
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15285469
Annotatsiya.
The article describes the modeling foundations of the
development of public service sectors, the organizational and economic
mechanisms of innovative development, which are one of the current topical
issues, and the opinions of a number of scientists aimed at improving it. The
structure of territorial specialization of public service is shown. The dependence
of the development of public service on natural resources, the schedule of
mutual energy supply of public service sectors, the improvement of living
standards, the development of new innovations in the development of public
service sectors, the introduction of new jobs, and the connection of light
industry with telecommunications and information technologies (ICT) are
highlighted, and conclusions and proposals are made on this.
Keywords:
service provision, standard of living, innovative prospectors,
transport infrastructure, energy infrastructure, communication infrastructure,
foreign investors, technology transfer, reactors, market coverage, geographical
scope, vertical area, organizational and economic mechanism, automated
systems, digital management, modern technologies.
Introduction.
In most developing or developing countries, three-quarters
of the population is dependent on agriculture. In developed countries, this figure
is only 10 percent of the total working-age population. Even in countries that are
not in the top 20 and have not fully exploited this sector, at least 50 percent of
the population is employed in the service sector. Especially in countries where
the profit from services accounts for 3/4 of GDP, the share of the “service
economy” in relation to GDP is high. This share has reached, in particular, 85
percent in Luxembourg, 87 percent in France, 86 percent in the United States, 85
percent in Belgium, 83 percent in England, as well as 94 percent in some
countries of Southeast Asia, including Hong Kong, and 91 percent in Singapore.
In countries with a high level of service provision, as a rule, services based on
finance, credit, surety, guarantee, insurance, education, tourism, medicine,
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communication and information, innovative and nanotechnology are developed.
In countries such as Spain, Italy and France, the basis of GDP is services in the
tourism sector. A number of US companies earn at least more than 50% of their
income from production through the sale of services related to production
1
.
For developing countries, the development of the service sector is one of
the effective ways to improve the living standards of the population. The main
issue is not only to increase the share of the service sector in GDP, but also to
expand its composition, increase employment, and develop modern forms and
technologies of service provision that fully meet the needs of the population.
This study has extensively studied the problems associated with modeling
the development of service sectors for the population.
Theories of econometric modeling of the development of service sectors for
the population form the directions of state management in the socio-economic
development of regions. However, one cannot be limited to their study alone,
since they largely rely on theories of economic growth of regions. It is necessary
to search for and introduce new approaches, models and methods for the
development of service sectors for the population.
The role of the service sector in the current conditions is determined by the
following factors:
new jobs are constantly being created in the sector;
the sector is increasing its contribution to the country's gross domestic
product;
the sector is reducing the time spent on household services, which
improves the quality of life of the population.
Econometric methods do not deny simple, traditional methods, but rather
help to further develop them and analyze objectively variable performance
indicators through other indicators.
In econometric modeling of the development of service industries, in
describing management processes, the real object is presented in the form of
two systems: the manager and the managed (management object).
The general structure of management systems in econometric modeling of a
multi-sector service industry is presented in Figure 1. It includes endogenous
variables:
)
(
t
x
– input effects (task) vector;
)
(
t
– vector of external
environmental influences;
)
(
'
t
h
– error signal vector;
)
(
''
t
h
– vector of control
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effects; exogenous variables:
)
(
t
z
– S is the system state vector;
)
(
t
y
– a vector of
output variables, usually
)
(
t
y
=
)
(
t
z
will be.
Figure 1. Structure of the management system in econometric
modeling of service industry development
2
In the current state, the econometric modeling control system is a set of
software and hardware tools that provide a specific target control system.
Depending on how well the control object achieves the target, a decision can be
made on the state coordinate
y(t)
for a one-dimensional system. The task value
of the law of change of the control quantity y
zаd
(t) and the difference between
the actual value
y(t)
h'(t) = y
zаd
(t) — y(t)
is considered a control error. If the law
of change of the given control quantity coincides with the law of change of the
input effect (task), i.e. x(t)=y
zаd
(t) if so, then h'(t)=x(t)-y(t) will be.
A system in which the control error h'(t)=0 at all times is called an ideal
system. In practice, it is impossible to develop ideal systems. Therefore, the
error in automatic control should be reduced based on the principle of negative
feedback (using the output variable y(t) and its setpoint values as information
about the deviation between them).
In econometric modeling, the task of control systems is to change the
variable y(t) according to the law with a given accuracy (with a permissible
error). When designing and operating automatic control systems, it is necessary
to select parameters of the system S that can provide the required control
accuracy, as well as stability in the transition process.
S
V
1
V
2
…V
n
X
1
h
1
’
h
1
’’
Z
1
Y
1
X
2
h
2
’
h
2
’’
Z
2
Y
2
… … …
X
n
h
n
’
h
n
’’
Z
n
Y
n
C
on
tro
l object
M
an
age
d
o
b
je
ct
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If the system is stable, then its behavior over time, the maximum deviation
of the control variable y(t) in the transient process, the time of the transient
process, etc. are of practical interest. The properties of automatic control
systems of different classes can be concluded from the types of differential
equations that most closely describe the processes in the system. The order of
the differential equation and the values of the coefficients fully determine the
static and dynamic parameters of the system.
The use of Figure 1 allows for the formulation of the process of continuous-
deterministic S-systems and the assessment of their main characteristics, the
adoption of analytical or simulation approaches developed in the form of a
language suitable for modeling continuous systems or using analog and hybrid
computing tools.
The importance of econometric modeling of public service networks is
manifested in the following:
rational use of material, labor and monetary resources;
serves as a leading tool in the analysis of economic and natural processes;
makes it possible to make some adjustments when forecasting the
development of public service networks;
makes it possible not only to conduct a deep analysis of service networks,
but also to discover their new unexplored patterns. They also make it possible to
predict the future development of service networks;
along with the automation of computational work, it facilitates mental
labor, and creates the opportunity to organize and manage the work of service
employees on a scientific basis.
The service industries operating in our republic are improving their
equipment and technology, trying to meet the growing demands of consumers.
Previously, it was believed that the service sector would complement the
material production sector. The quality of service was low, and it did not satisfy
consumers and did not meet their needs.
In the current market conditions, service enterprises and organizations
operating in our republic are required to provide offers that meet international
standards. They must provide consumers with timely, convenient and safe
services.
In such conditions, econometric modeling of the development of service
industries is of particular importance:
Because in market conditions:
firstly, there are elements of risk and uncertainty;
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secondly, resources are limited;
thirdly, there is competition between producers and consumers;
fourthly, the ability to predict the future state of economic indicators, etc.
Service industries are diverse and differ from each other in certain
characteristics.
Since service networks are complex process networks, their viability
depends on how well they fit the object being modeled.
Since it is difficult to reflect all aspects of an object in one model, only the
most characteristic and important features of the object are reflected in it. It
should also be noted that an overly simplified model cannot meet the
requirements. An overly complex model creates difficulties in the process of
solving the problem.
The main block in each modeling process is the “goal”, since, depending on
the goal, different models can be created for one object. As an object, we take the
main service sectors of the Kashkadarya region.
It is necessary to use new technologies and new methods to develop service
sectors in the region and reduce the shortage of gas, water and electricity in the
regions. In order to increase the production potential of the regions, it is
necessary to introduce modern technologies, develop entrepreneurship and
business, achieve self-sufficiency and social equality.
In this study, an integrated simulation model was improved through a
systematic analysis of the public service sector. This occupies a unique place in
the methodology of targeted and strategic decision-making for the development
of public service sectors and the structure of modern systematic research.
To determine the level of coverage of the region's population with service
networks, we use the following formula::
𝑨𝒙
𝒅
=
∑
(𝒀
𝒊
)
𝒏
𝒊=𝟏
∑
𝑨
𝒋
𝒎
𝒋=𝟏
=
𝒀
𝟏
+𝒀
𝟐
+⋯+𝒀
𝒏
𝑨
𝟏
+𝑨
𝟐
+⋯+𝑨
𝒎
(1.1.1)
Here:
Ax
d
– The level of provision of the population with all types of services;
A
j
–
j
population in the area;
Y
i
–
i
type of service industry.
Based on the above considerations, the factors influencing the increase in
the efficiency of providing services to the population can be grouped as follows:
Socio-demographic: covers the system formed by the location of the
population, gender, age, and family status;
Socio-professional: is associated with the industrialization of production,
the system of personnel training and career guidance, that is, education,
specialty classification, seniority, and professional development;
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Socio-domestic: is associated with the improvement of living standards and
housing conditions, cultural and household services, solving problems related to
transport, the organization of public catering and medical services, the presence
of preschool institutions, people's recreation and productive organization of free
time;
Socio-psychological: reflects the socio-psychological state of the labor team
in the enterprise, in the group, satisfaction with work, the development of
mutual assistance and friendly relations, the organization of a healthy spiritual
state;
social - production-related: covers the organization of labor, participation
in competition, the system of remuneration for labor, payment according to the
work performed, and labor discipline;
social - economic: this includes the level of wages, per capita income.
Such a grouping of social factors affecting the development of service
industries allows you to fully use management in the growth of development.
In conclusion, social factors significantly affect the development of service
industries. At the present stage, the full use of the system of all social factors for
the development of service industries is considered an objective necessity for
the development of the industry.
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