SCIENCE AND INNOVATION IN THE
EDUCATION SYSTEM
International scientific-online conference
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THE ROLE OF PRACTICAL EXERCISES TO IMPROVE THE LOGICAL
THINKING OF PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS.
Abdurashidov Adxamjon
Kokand state pedagogical institute, PhD in
pedagogical sciences, associate professor
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15423628
It is clear that the current global restructuring, rapid computerization and
changes in the field of education create the need to improve the quality of
teaching. Human society New technologies were used to increase the
effectiveness of the training process. It is combined with the aim of increasing
the logical and creative potential of the student and preparing the young
generation to live in new social conditions. Currently, the process of
computerization of education is underway. The use of information and
communication technology, new learning methods through the computer
network is spreading. Modern requirements require the use of various
techniques and methods at the level of personal development and expansion of
cognitive dimensions. That is why I believe that exercises that improve students’
thinking skills with the help of information technology have a special place in
primary school. This is because improving the skills of a child who has just
entered school, raising educational interest to a creative level, developing logical
thinking are among the tasks of primary school teachers. After all, the initial
period is a very convenient time for the development of the students’ activity.
Completing logical tasks and exercises is very important to develop students’
creativity. The student’s logical thinking develops in reasoning, information
acquisition and language learning.
Developing in mental activity of students is an important part of their
development as personality. Therefore, when performing creative tasks,
students must be taught to do thinking functions. That’s why, when assigning
tasks to student and the tasks should be selected, collected, compared and
grouped in such a way that they develop logical thinking. For example, the
following exercises help develop verbal and logical thinking: “Find more”
methodology. Shows the child’s ability to separate and generalize important
parts. This method can be used in any languages and world studies classes
during consolidation and revision periods. The task can be presented in a
picture, in kind or in writing. The “collection” methodology is effective for the
development of thought analysis and accumulation operations. Name a word or
phrase that summarizes the suggested words:
1.
October- November
SCIENCE AND INNOVATION IN THE
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2.
Carp- pike
3.
Summer- autumn
4.
Oak- birch
5.
Cucumber- tomato
6.
Ant- beetle
At the same time, methods that develop thinking can be used in the from of
a game. For example, the game “Say the opposite”. In this game, it is useful to use
words that have the opposite meaning in the past tense. For instance, full-thin,
black-white, hot-cold, empty-full, etc. “Similarities and differences”. Students are
encouraged to compare different objects and concepts. “Indentify from another
perspective”.
Find the other side of a given problem. “Looking for similarities”. A specific
object or phenomenon is called, for example “helicopter”. Write helicopter- like
objects according to the different symbols. Similar objects can be grouped
according to their characteristics. For example, “bird”, “butterfly” (flying,
landing), “bus”, “train” (car), etc. The purpose of this is to determine the
properties of objects and classify them according to signs.
“Methods of drug use ”. A familiar word is given, for example: “book”. The
extent of the most unusual use of the substance must be noted. Reads a book,
can put something under it, can hide necessary papers as an object, etc. You can
also offer a toothbrush, knitting yarn, etc. But it is forbidden to talk about the
ways of using things in an inhuman, predatory way. “Make a sentence”. Get 3
unrelated words. For example, “lake”, “pen”, “bear”. It is necessary to form a
sentence from these words. The answer can be simple (The bear dropped the
pencil in the lake). The likes are then analyzed. Creative sentences are
encouraged. “Find the unnecessary word”. All 3 words are given. For example
“dog”, “summer”, “sun”. There are 2 words with similar characters and the
unnecessary word should be deleted. This similarities between the remaining
two words should be mentioned more than the difference between the omitted
word. For example, the word “dog” is unnecessary, the words “summer”, “Sun”
remain because they: round, yellow, give energy to a person. Unusual special
decisions are made (clouds, cotton, fruits, etc.) With the help of such
psychological methods, students’ interest in the subject increases during
training, thinking develops, creativity and talent appear. In short, it can be stated
that in order to develop the thought processes of students in the learning
process, it is necessary to organize the above practical exercises. In conclusion,
practical exercises not only the students’ knowledge, but bring them closer to
SCIENCE AND INNOVATION IN THE
EDUCATION SYSTEM
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each other, bring out friendship, morality and hard work; leads to systematic
thinking, expansion of vocabulary, sharpening of imagination.
List of used literature:
1.
A.Amanzholova, R.Sh. Abitaeva Psychological and pedagogical diagnostics
of preschool and elementary school studenys. Zhezkazgan, 2004.
2.
Handbook for psychologists. Moscow, 2007.
3.
The psychology of age difference. Karaganda, 2005.
4.
Psychology at school. №4, 2007.
5.
The Psychology of age difference. Karaganda, 2005.
