Жамият
ва
инновациялар
–
Общество
и
инновации
–
Society and innovations
Journal home page:
https://inscience.uz/index.php/socinov/index
Important aspects of innovative formation of student citizens in
the higher education system
Muratov KHABIBULLA
1
Karshi State University
ARTICLE INFO
ABSTRACT
Article history:
Received September 2021
Received in revised form
15 September 2021
Accepted 20 October 2021
Available online
15 November 2021
In the higher education system, the formation of innovative
civic activity of students determines their views on the
perception of objective reality. The problem of preparing a
teacher for innovation can be described as a system that includes
several interrelated and functional components subordinated to
specific tasks. Innovative training of a future teacher is his
theoretical, practical, psychological and physiological level of
assimilation of the whole essence of pedagogical innovation in
the context of continuing education. As a result of the
development of the pedagogical system, such training
contributes to ensuring the integrity of theory and practice. This
fosters a conscious attitude to learning and the development of
creative activity, helps students to form common knowledge and
skills in certain disciplines and general activities. It is important
that innovation and the introduction of advanced pedagogical
technologies creates the necessary legal technologies. Which are
considered as priorities.
2181-
1415/© 202
1 in Science LLC.
https://doi.org/10.47689/2181-1415-vol2-iss10/S-pp
This is an open access article under the Attribution 4.0 International
(CC BY 4.0) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.ru)
Keywords:
education,
pedagogy,
idea,
time,
system,
person.
Oliy ta
’
lim tizimida talabalarning fuqaroligini innovatsion
shakllantirishning muhim jihatlari
ANNOTATSIYA
Kalit so‘
zlar:
ta
’
lim,
pedagogika,
g‘
oya,
zamon,
tizim,
shaxs.
Oliy ta
’
lim tizimida talabalarning fuqarolik innovatsion
faoliyatini yoʻlga qoʻyish obyektiv voqelikni qabul qilishdagi
qarashlarini aniqlab beradi. Pedagogni innovatsion faoliyatga
tayyorlash muammosi maʼlum maqsadlarga boʻysunuvchi bir
necha oʻzaro aloqador va funksional komponentlarni oʻz ichiga
olgan tizim sifatida ifodalanishi mumkin. Boʻlgʻusi oʻqituvchining
1
Lecturer Karshi State University. Kashkadarya, Uzbekistan.
Жамият
ва
инновациялар
–
Общество
и
инновации
–
Society and innovations
Special Issue
–
10 (2021) / ISSN 2181-1415
536
innovatsion tayyorligi uzluksiz taʼlim sharoitida pedagogik
innovatikaning toʻliq mazmun
-
mohiyatini egallash boʻyicha
uning nazariy, amaliy va psixologik-fiziologik saviyasidir.
Bunday tayyorlik pedagogik tizim natijasi sifatida nazariya va
amaliyotning bir butunligini taʼminlash, oʻquv ishlariga vijdonan
munosabatda boʻlishni tarbiyalash hamda ijodiy faollikni
rivojlantirish asosida oʻquvchilarda maʼlum f
anlar, umumkasbiy
faoliyat koʻrinishlari boʻyicha bir butun bilimlar va malakalarni
shakllantirishga koʻmak beradi deb topildi. Bunda
innovate-
siyalar, ilgʻor pedagogik texnologiyalarni joriy etish, shu boʻyicha
zarur huquqiy mexanizmlarni yaratishga ustuv
or yoʻnalish
sifatida qaralayotgani muhimdir.
Важные
аспекты
инновационного
формирования
студенческих граждан в системе высшего образования
АННОТАЦИЯ
Ключевые слова:
образование,
педагогика,
идея,
время,
система,
человек.
В
системе
высшего
образования
становление
инновационной
гражданской
активности
студентов
определяет их взгляды на восприятие объективной
реальности.
Проблему
подготовки
учителя
к
инновационной деятельности можно описать как систему,
включающую
несколько
взаимосвязанных
и
функциональных компонентов, подчиненных конкретным
задачам. Инновационная подготовка будущего учителя –
это его теоретический, практический и психолого
-
физиологический уровень усвоения всей сущности
педагогического новаторства в контексте непрерывного
образования. В результате развития педагогической
системы такое обучение способствует обеспечению
целостности теории и практики. Это воспитывает
сознательное отношение к обучению и развитию
творческой активности, помогает студентам формировать
единые знания и умения по определенным дисциплинам и
общей деятельности. Важно, чтобы инновации и внедрение
передовых
педагогических
технологий,
создает
необходимые
правовых
технологи.
Которые
рассматриваются, как приоритетные.
It is known that in recent years the country has been radically reforming the
education system, training and retraining. Particular attention is paid to the complete
liberation of it from the ideological views and stereotypes of the past, to the creation of a
system of training highly qualified specialists at the level of developed democracies,
meeting the highest moral and ethical requirements. The educational process is a process
of purposeful cooperation between the teacher and the student (educator and pupil). In
the process of
upbringing, the pupil’s consciousness is formed, his emotions develop, and
moral habits are formed that serve to organize the social connections necessary for social
life. The ideas of national independence formed in the independent Republic of Uzbekistan
Жамият
ва
инновациялар
–
Общество
и
инновации
–
Society and innovations
Special Issue
–
10 (2021) / ISSN 2181-1415
537
serve to unite citizens around such a noble goal as the establishment of a humane,
democratic, legal state and legal society, recognized in the Constitution of the Republic.
Creation of socio-political, legal activity of each citizen, determination of legal culture is the
main requirement of civil (legal) society.
On this basis, the system of training and certification of highly qualified scientific
and scientific-pedagogical personnel is being further improved, and a number of
innovations are being introduced for postgraduate education. In addition, some work is
being done to improve the quality, scientific and practical significance of dissertation
research in accordance with modern requirements. However, the reforms being carried
out in our country should not stand still, but should develop in sync with the socio-
economic development of our society. In the context of radical reforms in Uzbekistan, it is
necessary to define the essence of state building and legal policy, to formulate its goals and
objectives on the basis of the current development of reforms. Along with strategically new
tools for the protection of human interests, it is necessary to use advanced tactical
methods, more effective protection of the interests of the individual and society, and
improve legal mechanisms to prevent corruption.
On this basis, the teaching staff is strengthened with specialists with a high level of
professional pedagogical skills, legal and political culture, and specialists with practical
experience are widely involved in the educational process. Theoretical training has been
further optimized to take into account the deepening of students’ independent training,
and curricula, programs and teaching materials aimed at developing analytical thinking
and professional skills in law have been used in the educational process, based on the
needs of employers.
Particular attention is paid to the development of modular systems and innovative
teaching methods, the widespread use of information and communication technologies in
education, expanding access to global information and educational resources for students,
teachers and young researchers, improving internships, as well as the introduction of
clinical education.
Educational, scientific and other literature, including foreign literature, teaching
aids, as well as global information, legal and educational resources, are regularly updated.
Active cooperation has been established with leading foreign scientific and educational
institutions, analytical and research centers, international organizations, as well as public
and economic administration bodies, the judiciary and law enforcement agencies, and the
legal profession.
In line with this, the President
’
s Address to the Oliy Majlis outlined the tasks for deep
reform of the education system and ways to implement them. This is directly related to the
issue of modern pedagogical activity.
Indeed, today there is a greater need than ever for innovative pedagogical activity
in educational institutions. This will allow you to take lessons effectively and resolve any
conflicts that may arise. Therefore, the educator must first and foremost be an innovator
in the psychology of
“
safe testing
”
.
Preparing a teacher for an innovative activity with a clear purpose is a holistic
process. It consists of an interdependent and interdependent period: post-graduate
education, which is based on the interaction of study and upbringing in higher education,
as well as study in special institutions and practical pedagogical activities at school. The
integration of these periods into a holistic process of gradual development of the teacher’s
Жамият
ва
инновациялар
–
Общество
и
инновации
–
Society and innovations
Special Issue
–
10 (2021) / ISSN 2181-1415
538
personality is the basis for his / her involvement in innovative activities. The concept of
teacher training for innovative activities is based on a systematic, reflexive, individual-
creative approach that allows the design and operation of the whole process of teacher
personality formation.
For example, in a systematic approach, all levels of pedagogical education should
encourage as much as possible all the components of innovative activity in their integrity.
Implementing a reflexive-
action approach involves developing the teacher’s ability
to critically analyze, reflect on, and evaluate the effectiveness of the student’s personal
development as a subject. The individual-creative approach identifies and forms the
creative individuality of the teacher, bringing the development of innovative
consciousness to a personal level that provides a unique technology of activity. Legislative
requirements set by society serve as a criterion for assessing the behavior of citizens,
analyzing the nature of their actions. In accordance with these requirements, certain views,
actions or habits of a citizen’s behavior are approved or condemned.
The goal of the citizens of the Republic of Uzbekistan is to build a free, democratic,
humane state and society governed by the rule of law. This further complicates the task of
organizing a new social civic education in the process of building a society. Indeed, the
success of building a democratic, legal society depends on the level of socio-political
awareness of citizens, the determination of civic virtues and indicators of social activism.
The social basis of citizenship is a new socio-economic relationship in which the personal
interests of citizens are combined with the interests of society. Acting in accordance with
the ideas, democratic requirements and moral and legal norms reflected in the content of
national and universal values, becomes an important rule of social and civil relations. Civic
education is a pedagogical process aimed at forming a high level of civic culture in students,
educating them as citizens who fight for the interests of the people, homeland and society
by expressing the essence of the concept of citizenship. The central object of civic
education is the citizen.
The Constitution of the Republic guarantees the following rights: the right to life,
liberty and security of person, legal and transparent consideration of the case of the
accused in court, protection from encroachment on privacy, intrusion into private life, and
inviolability of residence, movement from one place to another in the territory of the
Republic, entry and exit to and from the Republic of Uzbekistan, freedom of thought,
speech and religion, freedom of conscience, participation in the management of public
affairs directly or through their representatives participation in legal rallies, meetings and
demonstrations, participation in trade unions, political parties and other public
associations, participation in mass movements, election and re-election, ownership,
employment, free choice of profession, leisure, old age or use of social security in case of
loss of ability to work, as well as loss of a breadwinner, benefit from medical services
freedom of speech, knowledge, scientific and technical creativity. In addition to providing
students with knowledge about their rights, it is important to provide students with
information on what their responsibilities are, and to develop students’ practical skills in
this regard.
Creating the necessary conditions for the formation of civic culture in social life: in
the interests of society and the individual (citizen). Therefore, there is a need to radically
update the content of the organization of civic education in the conditions of independence
of the Republic. Large-scale (complex) organization of civic education remains a challenge
Жамият
ва
инновациялар
–
Общество
и
инновации
–
Society and innovations
Special Issue
–
10 (2021) / ISSN 2181-1415
539
and a requirement today. Strong cooperation between the family, educational institutions,
the public, the state and society is important for a positive solution to this problem.
Patriotism in the individual in the organization of civic education
Special attention is paid to the formation of the feeling (Latin
“
patriotes
”
–
compatriot,
“
patris
”
–
homeland, country). Therefore, a citizen must be able to defend his
honor and dignity
as a member of a particular state and fight for its interests. “The term
homeland is actually an Arabic word meaning motherland, and the concept of homeland is
used in a broad and narrow sense. This is a broad concept when it comes to the area where
people live together and where their ancestors have lived for a long time. It is a narrow
concept when it comes to the house, the neighborhood, the village where a person was
born and raised. ” Patriotism is a high human quality that expresses a person’s pride
in the
history of the nation to which he or she belongs, his or her concern for the present, and his
or her confidence in the bright future.
In the works of the first President of the Republic of Uzbekistan I.A. Karimov, the
issues of patriotism, upbringing of youth in the spirit of patriotism are widely covered. In
particular, he said: “The patriotism of the citizens of Uzbekistan is a reliable compass, a
guiding star that shows the way to change, does not deviate from its intended purpose.
Love for Uzbekistan, its land, nature, the peoples living here, the desire to learn more about
the history, culture and traditions of the country, to be proud of the power and
achievements of the republic, to care for the hardships of our people are multinational. Is
an
important unifying factor of Uzbek society”.
In the country where he was born and raised, a person is surrounded by people who
are close to him with their dreams, hopes, aspirations, life aspirations. he participates in
the process of social relations to which he is accustomed, speaks the language that has
become a part of his life, and feels free only in this environment. In foreign lands, he cannot
find the environment in which he is accustomed. So even though he has traveled to an
economically developed country, he quickly misses his homeland. Respect for the rights,
freedoms, customs, traditions, way of life, language and freedom of conscience of other
nations and peoples; it is one of the spiritual and moral qualities inherent in a person that
expresses no harm to their interests. Education of patriotism and inter-ethnicity among
students can be carried out in the form of conversations, roundtables, press conferences,
quizzes, meetings, contests, discussions on topics related to them. Museums will also
benefit from the organization of ex-Independence, joint study of the content of works on
patriotism and inter-ethnic themes, and watching movies. Innovation is the introduction
of something new. Innovative technologies are innovations and changes in the pedagogical
process and in the activities of teachers and students, the implementation of which is based
on the full use of interactive methods. Interactive methods are called collective thinking, ie
methods of pedagogical influence are an integral part of the content of education. The
peculiarity of these methods is that they are carried out only through the interaction of the
teacher and the student. This process of pedagogical cooperation has its own
characteristics, which include:
–
Force the student to be indifferent during the lesson, to think independently, to be
creative and to explore;
–
Ensuring that students have a constant interest in knowledge in the learning
process;
–
To strengthen the student’s interest in knowledge independently, creatively
approaching each issue;
–
The organization of constant joint activity of the teacher and the student.
Жамият
ва
инновациялар
–
Общество
и
инновации
–
Society and innovations
Special Issue
–
10 (2021) / ISSN 2181-1415
540
We believe that the main basis of pedagogical technology is the technology chosen
by the teacher and the student to achieve a guaranteed result from the set goal, that is,
every educational technology used in the teaching process to achieve a guaranteed result
and can organize collaborative activities between students, both can achieve positive
results, students can think independently, work creatively, research, analyze, draw their
own conclusions, to themselves, to the group, and the group is able to evaluate them, and
the teacher is able to create opportunities and conditions for such activities, which is the
basis of this teaching process.
One of the most important tasks today is the active use of advanced pedagogical
technologies in education, increasing the effectiveness of education, analysis and
implementation. It is very important to develop students’ thinking, consciousness,
worldview, to turn them from a free listener to a free participant. Students who lead the
class should be involved. The advantage of innovation in achieving this goal is multifaceted.
The uniqueness of the use of innovative technologies in the classroom is that they
are realized through the interaction of teachers and students. The teaching process
involves both teachers and students.
The teacher’s job is to describe the learning material,
to stimulate students ‘interest in science, to deepen their thinking and to form their beliefs,
to guide students’ independent study, and to test and evaluate their knowledge, skills and
abilities. A teacher who is dedicated to his work has a real passion.
As you know, each subject has its own technology, methods and tools. In order to
achieve high results in the teaching process, it is necessary to plan the course in advance.
In this case, the teacher must choose the specifics of the subject, the learning process and
conditions, the needs and capabilities of students, the level of knowledge, the technology
used depending on the situation.
REFERENCES:
1.
Mirziyoev Sh.M. Together we will build a free and prosperous democratic state of
Uzbekistan. Tashkent, NMIU “Uzbekistan’’, 2017. –
P. 29.
2.
Karimov I.A. Each of us is responsible for the development of the country. T. 9.
–
T.: “O‘zbekiston”, 2001. –
PP. 139
–
140.
3.
Mavlanova R. and others. Theory and history of pedagogy.
–
T.: 2010. Science and
Technology Publishing House.
–
P. 461.
4.
Hasanboev J. and others. Pedagogy.
–
T.: 2011. Publisher.
5.
Pedagogy M. Under the general editorship of Tokhtakhodjaeva.
–
T.: National
Society of Philosophers of Uzbekistan. 2010 y.
