T A D Q I Q O T L A R
jahon ilmiy – metodik jurnali
https://scientific-jl.com
63-son_2-to’plam_Iyun-2025
292
ISSN:3030-3613
THEME: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE POLITICAL SYSTEMS OF
THE UNITED KINGDOM AND UZBEKISTAN
Muhammadyunusova Marhabo Qodirjon qizi
ADCHTI 2-kurs talabasi
Filologiya va tillarni o’qitish
Abstract
This article analyzes the political systems of the United Kingdom and the
Republic of Uzbekistan from both historical and functional perspectives. It compares
the structures of government, legislative institutions, electoral systems, and political
parties in both countries. The study highlights the similarities and distinctive features
of each system and provides useful insights for students, researchers, and political
analysts.
Abstrakt
Ushbu maqolada Buyuk Britaniya va O‘zbekiston Respublikasi siyosiy tizimlari
tarixiy va amaliy jihatdan tahlil qilinadi. Davlat boshqaruvi, qonun chiqaruvchi
organlar, saylov tizimlari va siyosiy partiyalar o‘rtasidagi o‘xshashliklar hamda farqlar
yoritiladi. Tadqiqot siyosatshunoslar, talabalar va tadqiqotchilar uchun muhim nazariy
manba hisoblanadi.
Абстракт
В данной статье проводится анализ политических систем Великобритании
и Республики Узбекистан с исторической и функциональной точек зрения.
Сравниваются структуры управления, законодательные органы, избирательные
системы и политические партии. Исследование подчеркивает сходства и
отличительные особенности каждой системы и полезно для студентов,
исследователей и политологов.
Keywords:
Political system, parliament, election, president, monarchy, political
party.
Kalit so’zlar:
Siyosiy tizim, parlament, saylov, prezident, monarxiya, siyosiy
partiya.
Ключевая слова:
Политическая система, парламент, выборы, президент,
монархия, политическая партия.
Introduction
:
The formation of a political system in any country is influenced by its historical
path, cultural values, and political awareness of its people. The United Kingdom is a
constitutional monarchy with centuries of tradition, while Uzbekistan, after gaining
independence in 1991, adopted a presidential republic suited to its national
T A D Q I Q O T L A R
jahon ilmiy – metodik jurnali
https://scientific-jl.com
63-son_2-to’plam_Iyun-2025
293
ISSN:3030-3613
development. This paper explores the key aspects of both systems and compares them
in terms of government structure, legislative processes, and political engagement.
Kirish
:
Har bir mamlakatning siyosiy tizimi uning tarixiy yo‘li, madaniy qadriyatlari va
fuqarolarining siyosiy ongi bilan chambarchas bog‘liq. Buyuk Britaniya
konstitutsiyaviy monarxiya bo‘lib, ko‘p asrlik tajribaga ega. O‘zbekiston esa 1991-yil
mustaqillikka erishganidan so‘ng, o‘z taraqqiyot yo‘liga mos prezidentlik
respublikasini tanladi. Ushbu maqola har ikkala tizimning asosiy xususiyatlarini tahlil
qilib, ular o‘rtasida qiyosiy tahlil olib boradi.
Введение
:
Политическая система каждой страны формируется под влиянием её
исторического пути, культурных ценностей и уровня политической
осведомленности граждан. Великобритания — это конституционная монархия с
многовековой традицией. Узбекистан, став независимым в 1991 году, выбрал
президентскую республику, соответствующую национальному курсу развития.
В данной статье анализируются основные аспекты обеих систем и проводится их
сравнительный анализ.
Body
Political System of the United Kingdom:
The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy where the monarch (currently
King Charles III) serves as the ceremonial head of state. Real political power lies with
the elected Parliament and the Prime Minister. The UK Parliament is bicameral,
consisting of the House of Lords (upper chamber) and the House of Commons (lower
chamber). The Commons, where members are directly elected, is the primary
legislative authority.
The Prime Minister, who is the leader of the majority party in the House of
Commons, is the head of government. The UK’s political party system is multi-party
but dominated by two major parties: the Conservative Party and the Labour Party. The
electoral system is based on the "first-past-the-post" principle, where the candidate
with the most votes in each constituency wins, often disadvantaging smaller parties.
Political System of Uzbekistan:
Uzbekistan is a presidential republic where the President serves as both the head
of state and head of the executive branch. The President is directly elected by the people
and holds significant executive powers. The country’s legislative div, the Oliy Majlis
(Supreme Assembly), is also bicameral and includes the Legislative Chamber and the
Senate.
Uzbekistan’s electoral system is mixed, allowing both political party candidates
and independent candidates to run for office. There are currently five officially
T A D Q I Q O T L A R
jahon ilmiy – metodik jurnali
https://scientific-jl.com
63-son_2-to’plam_Iyun-2025
294
ISSN:3030-3613
registered political parties in Uzbekistan: O‘zLiDeP, XDP, the Ecological Party, the
Milliy Tiklanish Party, and the Adolat Party. All of them are represented in parliament
and participate in the political process. The Central Election Commission oversees
election procedures and ensures compliance with the electoral law.
Comparative Analysis:
While the UK enjoys centuries of stable parliamentary democracy and deeply
rooted political traditions, Uzbekistan is still undergoing significant political reform
aimed at building democratic institutions. The UK’s system promotes political stability
and continuity, whereas Uzbekistan’s system is adapting to modern governance and
increasing civic participation. Both systems have unique elements that reflect their
historical and cultural foundations.
Conclusion
This comparative study illustrates how political systems are shaped by a nation’s
history, values, and needs. The United Kingdom's political system is well-established
and stable, built on centuries of tradition. In contrast, Uzbekistan, though a young
independent nation, is actively developing its democratic institutions through ongoing
reforms. Each system offers valuable lessons in governance and political engagement.
Understanding both helps foster global political literacy and appreciation for diverse
governance models.
References
1. Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan, 2023.
2. UK Parliament Official Website – www.parliament.uk
3. Qodirov A. “Modern Political Systems”, Tashkent, 2021.
4. Karimov I.A. “Path of Political Reforms”, Tashkent, 2019.
5. Central Election Commission of Uzbekistan – www.elections.uz
6. Smith, J. “Comparative Political Systems”, Oxford University Press, 2022.
7. BBC Politics – www.bbc.co.uk
