T A D Q I Q O T L A R
jahon ilmiy – metodik jurnali
https://scientific-jl.com
59-son_4-to’plam_Aprel-2025
18
ISSN:3030-3613
TERMINOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE POPULATION MIGRATION
PROCESS
Saipova Malaxat
University of Public Safety of the Republic of Uzbekistan,
Doctor of Psychological Sciences (DSc), Associate Professor
Annotation.
The article examines the development of population migration and
lists the stages of this process as proposed by scholars. Additionally, it analyzes
definitions of the term "migration" provided by both domestic and foreign researchers
and presents the author's own definition.
Keywords:
labor, migration, process, stage, economy, country, well-being,
children, family, relocation, residence, place, lifestyle.
Throughout the world, no state, country, nation, or social group has the ability to
fully control the process of labor migration. This is because the factors driving this
process cannot be explained in a single word or expression. From this perspective, the
migration model proposed by the American geographer W. Zelinsky in 1971, which
relates to space and time, remains relevant to this day. This model reflects the
significance of globalization in the transformation of international migration patterns.
The theory he proposed has served as a foundation for future studies on the relationship
between migration and socio-economic development in the context of globalization.
According to Zelinsky, the increase in personal mobility follows a certain
structural pattern. Migration consists of five stages:
1.
Traditional primitive society.
This stage is characterized by minimal
population mobility and limited movement due to religious rituals, trade, land use, and
social life.
2.
Early mobile society.
This stage is marked by large-scale migrations from
rural areas to cities. If a country has undeveloped territories, rural populations migrate
to settle in remote areas. It also includes a large influx of migrants into easily accessible
and attractive countries, along with minor immigration of skilled workers from other
nations.
3.
A highly mobile society at the final stage of its development.
This society
experiences a decline in rural-to-urban migration, although urban migration remains
dominant. At this stage, emigration decreases or ceases altogether, followed by an
increase in population circulation.
4.
Developed society.
In this society, population mobility declines, movement
from rural to urban areas decreases further, and major migration flows occur "from city
to city." This stage is also characterized by significant immigration of low- and
T A D Q I Q O T L A R
jahon ilmiy – metodik jurnali
https://scientific-jl.com
59-son_4-to’plam_Aprel-2025
19
ISSN:3030-3613
medium-skilled workers, with the potential for substantial international migration of
highly skilled professionals.
5.
Overdeveloped society.
In this stage, migration declines, and certain forms
of circulation slow down due to advancements in communication and postal services.
The main migration flow occurs between cities or within agglomerations. This stage is
also characterized by continued migration of relatively low-skilled workers from less
developed countries, as well as strict control over both internal and external migration.
It is worth noting that labor migration has several positive effects, including:
Ensuring employment for individuals;
Enhancing professional skills, improving family economic conditions, and
increasing material wealth;
Establishing international cooperation between countries;
Increasing social experience;
Introducing various innovations into the culture of society.
However, it is no secret that, unlike economic growth indicators, labor migration
also leads to various crises in the moral and social life of society. In particular:
The sharp manifestation of dysfunctional conditions in family life, including
disruptions in relationships between spouses and in the parent-child system;
As a result, an increase in divorce rates and a loss of trust between spouses;
The rise of social and psychological problems, such as minors being left without
parental care or supervision.
The growing interest of researchers from various fields in the process of
population migration is driven by several factors:
The unprecedented expansion of labor migration in terms of both scope and
geography;
Changes in the structural composition of migration flows;
The increasing scale and geographic expansion of forced migration;
The growing importance of population migration in modern global demographic
development.
As stated in the research: "Migration can ultimately be viewed as a movement
related to the spatial redistribution of the population. In this sense, spatial displacement
is classified as migration when it involves relocation from one place to another. In the
modern world, labor migration constitutes a key component of migration flows. The
movement of labor resources encompasses all segments of the global economy and
takes place both between countries and regions, as well as within national borders and
administrative-territorial structures. As a result of this movement, a global labor market
is formed." [3].
According to V.I. Staroverov, migration is a geographical transformation caused
by the permanent or temporary transition of people from one socio-economic
T A D Q I Q O T L A R
jahon ilmiy – metodik jurnali
https://scientific-jl.com
59-son_4-to’plam_Aprel-2025
20
ISSN:3030-3613
community to another, their return to society, or changes in their existence within a
society due to spatial mobility [11].
Migration is also defined as one of the forms of population movement, involving
a change of residence over a significant distance and duration. This process has socio-
economic, demographic, and other consequences (both positive and negative, explicit
and hidden, short-term and long-term) [8].
Another perspective states:
"Population migration is a process associated with
changing one’s place of residence, that is, moving from one settlement to another”
[4].
The Russian scholar N.N. Totsky defines migration as the movement of people
aimed at changing their place of residence, whether temporary or permanent, by
crossing a particular territorial boundary for various reasons [13].
Kazakh scholar E.Yu. Sadovskaya describes migration as
"the movement of the
population across state borders and the change of residence,”
emphasizing that such
movements require regulation both within the state and at the international level [9].
Russian scholar O.D. Vorobyova provides a broad interpretation of migration. She
considers it to be
"any territorial movement of the population, regardless of the
predominant pull or push factors, associated with crossing administrative-territorial
boundaries—both external and internal—for the purpose of permanent relocation,
study, or temporary employment”
[2]. G.S. Vechkanov views migration as the free
change of place of residence and work in harmony with personal and collective
interests [1].
Polish scholar A. Jagielski proposed the idea that "...migration is a form of
satisfying needs that require a change of residence” [18]. Lawyer G.A. Khurinov states:
"Population migration can be considered in a broad sense as the totality of any spatial
movement of people and, in a narrower, specific sense, as a set of relocations associated
with relatively long-term changes in residence” [15]. S.V. Soboleva provides a concise
definition: "The essence of population migration is, above all, its territorial relocation”
[10]. Demographer M.V. Kurman argues that territorial migration does not encompass
all forms of population migration. The term also includes labor migration (both internal
and intersectoral), as well as educational and professional migration (characterizing
transitions between educational or professional groups). He incorporates these
migration types into the broader concept of “social migration” [5]. According to G.N.
Chebotaryov and A.A. Mishunina, population migration is a set of movements
involving migrants crossing territorial boundaries (whether state or administrative-
territorial) while permanently or temporarily changing their place of residence for
various reasons, purposes, and regularities [17].N.N. Filippov and V.A. Sukov define
migration as the specific movement of the population within a state, involving
relocation to entities different from their initial place of residence [16]. P.Z. Khashimov
and G.A. Usmonova [14] describe migration as one of the forms of population
T A D Q I Q O T L A R
jahon ilmiy – metodik jurnali
https://scientific-jl.com
59-son_4-to’plam_Aprel-2025
21
ISSN:3030-3613
movement, where a significant change in residence in terms of time and distance leads
to important social, economic, political, and demographic consequences—both explicit
and hidden, positive and negative, immediate and long-term. According to local scholar
D.V. Rasulova, population migration represents the initial stage of international
economic relations. If migrants embark on a journey in search of better living
conditions, thereby contributing to the migration of labor resources between countries,
it is considered external migration. If this process occurs within the borders of a single
country, it is classified as internal migration [8]. "Uzbekistan’s opportunities to
participate as an equal partner on the international stage are not limited to its
demographic indicators—such as high population growth rates and the significant
share of young people in the total labor force—but also stand out due to the high level
of education and competence of its population. Uzbekistan holds a significant position
in the global economic system, and while its citizens enhance their qualifications
abroad, they also demonstrate their knowledge and potential on a global scale” [12].
Another more specialized concept of migration was introduced by V.I. Perevedentsev.
He defines population migration as “a set of human movements, that is, their relocation
across a territory, intrinsically linked to a relatively long-term change of residence” [7].
Based on our research and the scientific studies we have analyzed, we have developed
our own working definition: “Migration is the movement of a person from one country
or state to another to change their place of residence or work, either temporarily or
permanently, in pursuit of material and spiritual advancement, as well as to enhance
their status in their homeland.”
In conclusion, despite the existence of nearly 50 definitions of the term
“migration” in scientific literature across various disciplines—such as pedagogy,
psychology, economics, law, demography, geography, anthropology, sociology,
history, and political science—there is still no universally accepted and comprehensive
definition of this social phenomenon. This gap highlights the need for further research
in this area.
REFERENCES
1.
Vechkanov G.
Current Issues of Russian Migration.
// Journal:
Economist.
–
Moscow, 2013. No. 05. pp. 35-50.
2.
Vorobyova O.D.
Migration Processes of the Population: Issues of Theory and State
Migration Policy.
//
Problems of Legal Regulation of Migration Processes in the
Russian Federation.
/ Analytical Collection of the Federation Council of the Federal
Assembly of the Russian Federation, 2003. No. 9 (202). p. 35.
3.
Gibadullin M.Z., Nuriyeva A.R.
Migration in Russia: Problems and Consequences.
//
Migration Processes: Trends, Challenges, Perspectives:
Proceedings of the
International Scientific and Practical Conference. / Edited by N.G. Bagautdinova,
E.V. Fakhrutdinova. – Kazan: Otechestvo, 2014. pp. 89-90.
T A D Q I Q O T L A R
jahon ilmiy – metodik jurnali
https://scientific-jl.com
59-son_4-to’plam_Aprel-2025
22
ISSN:3030-3613
4.
Zaslavskaya T.I., Rybakovsky L.L.
Migration Processes and Their Regulation in a
Socialist Society.
// Journal:
Sociological Research,
1978. No.1.
5.
Kurman M.V.
Current Issues of Demography.
– Moscow: Statistics, 1976. 220 p.
6.
On the Structure of Migration.
//
Migration Mobility of the Population in the USSR
/ Edited by B.S. Khorev, V.M. Moiseenko. – Moscow: Statistics, 1974.
7.
Perevedentsev V.I.
Methods of Studying Migration.
– Moscow: Science, 1975. p. 9.
8.
Rasulova D.V.
Theoretical Foundations of Labor Migration Development.
–
Tashkent, 2010. p. 27.
9.
Sadovskaya E.Yu.
Migration in Kazakhstan at the Turn of the 21st Century: Main
Trends and Perspectives.
– Almaty, 2001. p. 20.
10.
Soboleva S.V.
Population Migration in the Border Regions of Siberia.
– Moscow,
2018.
11.
Staroverov V.I.
Socio-Demographic Problems of the Countryside.
– Moscow:
Science, 1974.
12.
Tolametova Z.A.
Labor Migration in the Process of Globalization and Directions
for Its Regulation.
// Journal:
Economics and Finance,
2016. Issue 4. pp. 58-65.
13.
Totsky N.N.
Introduction to Migration Law. Migration Law as a Sub-Branch of
Constitutional Law of the Russian Federation. Normative Acts Regulating Legal
Relations Involving Migrants.
– Moscow: Dialogue MGU, 1999. p. 12.
14.
Khashimov P.Z., Usmonova G.A.
Characteristics of Population Migration in
Uzbekistan.
// Journal:
Economics and Finance,
2021. Issue 10 (146).
15.
Khurinov G.A.
Migration-Legal Policy and Legal Principles in Russia.
//
Dissertation for the degree of Candidate of Legal Sciences. – Rostov-on-Don, 2008.
16.
Filippov N.N., Sukov V.A.
Problems of Labor Resource Formation in Rural Areas.
Issue 4. Sverdlovsk, 1972. p. 74.
17.
Chebotaryov G.N., Mishunina A.A.
The System of Legal Regulation of External
Migration in Russia: Issues of Theory and Practice.
– Tomsk, 2012. p. 19.
18.
Yagelsky A.
Population Geography.
/ Abridged translation from Polish by V.F.
Khudoley. – Moscow: Progress, 1980.
19.
Wilbur Zelinsky.
The Hypothesis of the Mobility Transition.
//
Geographical
Review,
vol. LXI, No. 2, April 1971, pp. 219-249.
20.
Latipovna, S. M., & Sodirzoda, S. R. (2018). Traditional and modern foreign
language teaching methods.
Вопросы науки и образования
, (10 (22)), 187-190.
21.
Saipova, M. (2023). The Results Of The Research On The Perspectives Of Family
Life Of Teenagers Raised In Migrant Families.
European International Journal of
Pedagogics
,
3
(03), 16-20.
22.
Saipova, M. (2023). Causes of instability of emotional experiences in modern
adolescents.
Eurasian Journal of Academic Research»(ISSN: 2181-2020)
,
3
(01).
T A D Q I Q O T L A R
jahon ilmiy – metodik jurnali
https://scientific-jl.com
59-son_4-to’plam_Aprel-2025
23
ISSN:3030-3613
23.
Saipova, M. (2023). The Content Of The Psychologist's Work With Children Of
Labor Migrants.
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity
Research
,
3
(02), 72-76.
24.
Малоҳат Саипова. (2023). МАЪНАВИЙ ТАРБИЯДА МИЛЛИЙ ВА ДИНИЙ
ҚАДРИЯТЛАРНИНГ УЙҒУНЛИГИ: МЕҲНАТ МИГРАЦИЯСИНИНГ
ТАЪСИРИ МАСАЛАЛАРИ. ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN
SCIENCE, 2(6), 81–85.
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663463
25.
Malohat Saipova. (2022). REASONS FOR LABOR MIGRATION AND IMPACT
OF THIS PROCESS ON THE FAMILY.
Open Access Repository
,
8
(9), 55–58.
https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/RKTZB
26.
Latipovna, S. (2019). Psychological Correctation Opportunities of the Tendency for
Machiavellianism in Pedagogue’s Personality.
International Journal of Progressive
Sciences
and
Technologies,
14
(2),
346-350.
doi:
http://dx.doi.org/10.52155/ijpsat.v14.2.986
27.
Камилова, Н. Г., & Саипова, М. Л. (2012). Дифференцированный подход к
субъекту обучения как важное условие модернизации образования в высшей
школе.
Образование через всю жизнь: непрерывное образование в интересах
устойчивого развития
,
10
(1), 278-279.
28.
Malohat Saipova, . (2023). THE CONTENT OF THE PSYCHOLOGIST’S WORK
WITH CHILDREN OF LABOR MIGRANTS. American Journal Of Social
Sciences
And
Humanity
Research,
3(02),
72–76.
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajsshr/Volume03Issue02-13
29.
Saipova, M. (2023). The Results Of The Research On The Perspectives Of Family
Life Of Teenagers Raised In Migrant Families.
European International Journal of
Pedagogics
,
3
(03), 16-20.
30.
SAIPOVA,
M.
(2024).
MEHNAT
MIGRANTLARI
BO‘LGAN VA
BO‘LMAGAN OILALARDA OILAVIY XAVOTIRNI O ‘RGANISH
NATIJALARI.
News of the NUUz
,
1
(1.10. 1), 190-192.
31.
Saipovа, M. (2023). PROBLEMS OF DEVELOPING THE QUALITY OF SELF-
CONSCIOUSNESS IN CHILDREN OF LABOR MIGRANTS.
European
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Management
Studies
,
3
(05), 72-76.
32.
Latipovna, S. M. (2019). Psychological Correctation Opportunities of the Tendency
for Machiavellianism in Pedagogue’s Personality.
33.
Саипова, М. (2024). РАССМОТРЕНИЕ И ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ
МИГРАЦИИ В ПСИХОЛОГИИ.
Eurasian Journal of Social Sciences,
Philosophy and Culture
,
4
(4), 83-87.
34.
Rejametova, I. (2025). HARBIY XIZMATCHILARNING OILASINI IJTIMOIY–
PSIXOLOGIK VA PEDAGOGIK MOSLASHUVIDA MUOMILA VA UNING
T A D Q I Q O T L A R
jahon ilmiy – metodik jurnali
https://scientific-jl.com
59-son_4-to’plam_Aprel-2025
24
ISSN:3030-3613
ROLI.
Журнал Педагогики и психологии в современном образовании
,
5
(1), 39-
50.
35.
Режаметова, Н. И. (2024). МОДИФИКАЦИОННЫЕ ПОДХОДЫ В
ОБУЧЕНИИ
И
ПРАКТИКЕ
ДОШКОЛЬНОЙ
МУЗЫКАЛЬНО-
ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ.
Science and innovation
,
3
(Special
Issue 31), 380-382.
36.
Ikramshikovna, R. I., & Nishanbayevich, D. A. (2025). Regulatory and legal aspects
of first aid in international legislation and in the republic of Uzbekistan.
The
American Journal of Management and Economics Innovations
,
7
(02), 7-16.
37.
Режаметова, И. И., & Норбутаев, С. А. (2022). YETIM VA OTA-ONA
QARAMOG‘IDAN
MAHRUM
BO‘LGAN
BOLALARDA
IJTIMOIY
KOMPETENTLIKNI RIVOJLANTIRISH.
ИННОВАЦИИ В ПЕДАГОГИКЕ И
ПСИХОЛОГИИ
,
5
(3).
38.
Rejametova, I. I. (2025). HARBIY XIZMATCHILARNING OILASINI
IJTIMOIY–PSIXOLOGIK VA PEDAGOGIK MOSLASHUVIDA MUOMILA
VA AHAMIYATI.
Modern education and development
,
21
(2), 67-79.
39.
Ikramshikovna, R. I. (2025). BOLALARDA XULQ OG ‘ISHINI OLDINI
OLISHNING
PSIXOLOGIK
OMILLARI.
Modern
education
and
development
,
21
(2), 45-54.
40.
Rejametova, I. (2025). HARBIY XIZMATCHILARNING OILASINI IJTIMOIY–
PSIXOLOGIK VA PEDAGOGIK MOSLASHUVIDA MUOMILA VA UNING
ROLI.
Журнал Педагогики и психологии в современном образовании
,
5
(1), 39-
50.
41.
Mukhamedova, D. G., & Abdullajanova, D. S. (2020). The actuality of the gender
aspect of the manager's constructive interaction in the conflicting situation.
Journal
Of Critical Reviews
,
7
(12), 228-231.
42.
Akhmadjonova, S., & Abdullajanova, D. (2023). Socio-Psychological Features Of
Family Conflict Resolution. In
Academic International Conference On Multi-
Disciplinary Studies And Education
(Vol. 1, No. 6, pp. 101-108).
43.
Abdullajanova, D., & Raxmonova, Z. (2020). Motivation to succeed, to avoid
defeat and the impact of risk preparedness on women's activism and its socio-
psychological
factors.
European
Journal
Of
Molecular
And
Clinical
Medicine
,
7
(1), 3555-3561.
44.
Abdullajanova, D. S. (2023). Socio-psychological criteria for the selection and
placement
of
personnel
in
management
(on
the
example
of
women).
Confrencea
,
5
(05), 401-411.
45.
Abdullajanova, D. S. (2023). Socio-psychological criteria for the selection and
placement
of
personnel
in
management
(on
the
example
of
women).
Confrencea
,
5
(05), 401-411.
T A D Q I Q O T L A R
jahon ilmiy – metodik jurnali
https://scientific-jl.com
59-son_4-to’plam_Aprel-2025
25
ISSN:3030-3613
46.
Абдуллажанова, Д. С. (2023). ПРОБЛЕМЫ СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ СТЕРЕОТИПОВ
В
НАПРАВЛЕНИИ
ЖЕНСКОЙ
АКТИВНОСТИ
В
УПРАВЛЕНИИ.
ПСИХОЛОГИЯ XXI СТОЛЕТИЯ
.
47.
Мухамедова, Д. Г., & Абдуллажанова, Д. С. (2021). СОЦИАЛЬНО-
ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ
ОСОБЕННОСТИ
РАЗВИТИЯ
КАДРОВОГО
РЕЗЕРВА:
ФОРМЫ
И
МЕХАНИЗМЫ
ИННОВАЦИОННОЙ
АКТИВНОСТИ.
BEING A MUSIC FAN: FANDOM EFFECTS ON THE
PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING OF ITS PARTICIPANTS...................... 12
, 187.
48.
Абдулладжанова, Н. Г., Абдугафурова, Д. Г., Якубова, Р. А., Назирова, Э. Р.,
&
Рахмонова,
Г.
Г.
(2020).
ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ
ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ
ПРОТИВОВОСПАЛИТЕЛЬНЫХ
ФАРМАКОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ
ПРЕПАРАТОВ.
Universum: химия и биология
, (12-1 (78)), 80-84.
49.
Kadirov, K. B., Mullabaeva, N. M., Abdullajanova, D. S., Kurbanovna, A. D., &
Abdullaevna, B. S. (2023). A Mobbing Questionnaire In School And An Analysis
Of The Results Obtained.
Journal of Higher Education Theory and Practice
,
23
(4).
50.
Abdullajanova, D. S. (2025). SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS OF
MOTIVATION FOR SUCCESS AND THE IMPACT OF RISK ON
WOMEN.
Modern education and development
,
19
(1), 3-12.
51.
Абдуллажанова, Д. (2024). Социальная критерия как фактор формирования
психологического портрета женщин-руководителей в управленческой
деятельности.
Общество и инновации
,
5
(5), 85-93.
52.
Abdullajonova, D. S. (2024). Social-Psychological Adaptation to the Educational
Environment-As a Factor of Educational Efficiency.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF
INNOVATION IN NONFORMAL EDUCATION
,
4
(4), 58-60.
53.
Abdullajonova, D. (2024). Sand in the image of relatives to establish education in
the national spirit through races.
Science and innovation
,
3
(B2), 34-39.
54.
Abdullajanova, D., & Raxmonova, Z. (2020). Motivation to succeed, to avoid
defeat and the impact of risk preparedness on women's activism and its socio-
psychological
factors.
European
Journal
Of
Molecular
And
Clinical
Medicine
,
7
(1), 3555-3561.
55.
Dilnozakhan, A., & Dilfuza, J. (2023). Problems of adaptation of children of
primary school age to school and methods of their elimination.
Galaxy
International Interdisciplinary Research Journal
,
11
(2), 295-300.
56.
Mukhamedova, D., Abdullajanova, D., Tukhtabekov, K., Fuzailova, G.,
Babadjanova, S., & Rahmonova, Z. (2019). The main directions of accounting
socio-psychological characteristics of the manager of education in the process of
optimizing management activities in Uzbekistan.
Journal Of Advanced Research In
Dynamical And Control Systems
,
11
(10 Special Issue), 1035-1038.
T A D Q I Q O T L A R
jahon ilmiy – metodik jurnali
https://scientific-jl.com
59-son_4-to’plam_Aprel-2025
26
ISSN:3030-3613
57.
Abdullajonova, D. (2025). SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL CRITERIA FOR THE
FORMATION OF A PSYCHOLOGICAL PORTRAIT IN THE PREPARATION
OF PERSONNEL FOR INNOVATIVE MANAGEMENT . Журнал Педагогики
и психологии в современном образовании, 5(1), 21–29.
58.
Abdullajonova,
D.
(2025).
THE
SOCIAL
AND
PSYCHOLOGICAL
CHARACTERISTICS OF AN EDUCATION MANAGER IN A HIGHER
MILITARY
EDUCATIONAL
INSTITUTION.
Журнал
Педагогики
и
психологии в современном образовании
,
5
(1), 30–39.
59.
Abdullajanova, D. S. (2025). PSYCHOLOGICAL CRITERIA OF FORMATION
OF PSYCHOLOGICAL PORTRAIT IN TRAINING PERSONNEL FOR THE
INNOVATION
MANAGEMENT
PROCESS.
Modern
education
and
development
,
21
(2), 55-66.
60.
Abdulakimovna, S. S. (2024). Methods for Developing Cooperation Between the
Family, Neighborhood, Educational Institution in the Socialization of Adolescents
with Disabilities.
Journal of Diplomacy, Law, and International Affairs
,
1
(1), 6-8.
