Vol. 2 No. 11 (2020)

The article analyzes the history and essence of ontogeny, its composition and newly classified, offers and conclusions.

The concepts of ontogenesis, developmental cycle are used in almost all academic and some scientific literature by the authors in the same or similar meanings without knowing the meaning [1,2,3,4,13,14].

This article describes the biology of sugar beet, cultivation technology, diseases and pests, as well as effective methods of combating them. The scientific work on the cultivation of sugar beet was studied and appropriate recommendations were given.

In the present paper the analysis of results of experiences carrying out on testing 5 hormonal affecting insecticides in fight against of mulberry pylalides from biologic active substances, namely Match – 1.0 litter/hectares, Nomolt – 0.3 litter/hectares, Binsegard – 0.5 kilogram/hectares, Al’familin – 0.5 litter/hectares and Rimon star 0.15 litter/hectares has been presented. In these experiences the values of the reached biologic efficiency in period of 15-16 days ones using were 81-100%. Therefore the preparations mentioned above for including to the list of allowed pesticides in agriculture of Uzbekistan for practical using them by farmers producing silkworm cocoons have been recommended.

Using resource-efficient agro-technology of tillage, using a new combined unit, 50% of the annual norm of 200 kg / ha of nitrogen was applied to the pods in autumn in the form of ammonium nitrate, and the remaining 50% was applied in the form of ammonium nitrate. The cotton yield was 37.9-40.4 c / ha in single-row and doublesown variants.  There were an additional yield of 4.1-5.9 c / ha compared to the control variants the highest economic efficiency was achieved. The net income from this option was 2079.1-2793.7 thousand sums, the level of profitability was 52.3-68.4%, the net profit was 1127.7-1569.3 thousand sums compared to the control option, and the level of profitability is 29.1%. Was up 38.8 percent.

Field examinations on botanicals matured in bovine pee (Cu) alone and in mix with panchagavya (PG)against brinjal shoot and organic product drill, Leucinodes orbonalis (Guenee) uncovered that shoot invasion could be minimized with Cu aged lantana leaves (17.35%) and Cu aged hyptis leaves (17.66%) when contrasted with untreated control (20.90%), while, in blend with PG (3%), karanj leaves aged in Cu (10%) demonstrated the minimum shoot pervasion (16.22%). The test organics were in any case, discovered incapable in confining the natural product harm caused bythe drill species. Nonetheless, from the purpose of the attractive natural product yield (135.5 - 141.7 q ha-1) and advantage cost ratio(38.20:1 - 42.68:1), medicines like Cu matured karanj leaves (10%) and Cu aged neem leaves (10%) were considered ideal. The above organics could prove the misfortune brought about by the shoot and natural product drill in brinjal, possibly through remuneration of plant development.

The article reports about the measures of intellectual struggle for the use of modern information technologies against pests and diseases in apple orchards, the use of mathematical models and the use of computer software to prevent the prediction of harmful organisms.

There are two ways of practical use of a laboratory diluted lacewing. The first is the early (spring) enrichment of borders, roadsides, alfalfa and early crops, and the second is the local use of large rates of entomophage release on early spring sheltered vegetable crops and in greenhouses with the advantage of the release of predator larvae in a ratio of 1: 10-15 victims, as well as adults to enrich a specific agrobiocenosis.

The use of Jerusalem artichoke in food will expand the range of dishes, culinary and confectionery products, promotes the use of local and non-traditional types of raw materials, which make it possible to reduce the mass fraction of sugar and fat in sweet dishes and confectionery products, and create new types of food products with low energy value.

To provide the population with quality fruits throughout the year, to learn ways to effectively propagate peach fruits.

In the complex of agro-technical measures for the cultivation of cotton and obtaining high yields based on technical progress, the main and pre-sowing soil cultivation, biological characteristics of the variety, the timing and methods of sowing, rational water, nutritional, agrophysical soil regimes, optimal plant density and other agro-technical methods are important. Depending on the climatic, soil and hydrogeological conditions of the region. Before seeding, tillage is one of the most energy-intensive operations in agriculture. It requires a large amount of equipment, oil products, labour resources and time. Also, under conditions of intensification of agriculture, cultivation, along with a positive effect, can have a negative effect on the agrophysical properties of the soil if it is carried out incorrectly.

A dangerous pest is widespread in Uzbekistan. Of these is a dangerous coccid. They damage many plants. It damages the apple tree, pear, plum, quince, peach, almonds, hawthorn, elm, poplar and others. Winter diapausing larvae of the first age, covered with a dark gray or black shield. In the spring they are intensively fed, molt and form a shield similar to that of an adult female. After the second moult, adult females are formed. After mating, females spawn larvae-tramps, which creep along branches and leaves, and can also settle on fruits. They give rise to the next generation.

The article provides data on the aboveground and underground parts of Glycyrrhizaglabra L. Licorice, which grows on the floodplains of the Surkhandarya River (south of the Republic of Uzbekistan). The length of the main root of the plant reaches 104 cm, the diameter is 6.6 cm. The horizontal roots reach up to 103 cm. The seed germination rate is low - 45.7%, the germination energy on the 6th day is 16.7%. The best way to reproduce is vegetative.

The article says that of the 25 endemic species of the Kugitang flora, 18 species are found in the eastern part of the ridge, i.e. within Uzbekistan. All endemic to the Uzbek part are protected by the Surkhan reserve. This indicator indicates the great importance of the Surkhan reserve in the gene pool of the Kugitang plant diversity.

We have studied the biological efficiency of 8% conc. Emulsions Topic BG, and conc. emulsions Maxier in our experiment (standard).

And the results showed that in the use of quantitative doses of 0.4 l / ha of 8% conc. emulsion Topik BG effectiveness was 82.7% of another drug- and conc. Maxier’s emulsion in the amount of 0.9-1.0 l / ha, 83.2-86.2% compared to control variants.

This article examines the growth and development of crossed varieties of F2 cotton. Hybrids of medium-fiber cotton varieties were studied at field experimental sites of the research and experimental center located in the Kuva district of the Fergana region.

Bio ecological features of helianthus tuberoses in soil-climatic conditions of Surkhandarya region were studied. The research obtained data on flowering phenology and flowering period under the conditions of introduction, the germination of plant seeds was determined.

This article presents the results of scientific research on the biology and harmfulness of the wheat drunkard. Against this pest, insecticides were used in the standard control variant of Karache 10% e.c., 0.07 l/ ha and the biological efficiency was 90.4% 95.6% and 96.8%, in the experimental variant, respectively, when 0.075 l/ha was applied. Carat gold plus 10% e.с. 90.9%, 96.1% wa 97.5%.

The article provides information about injuriousness of grape mites and preparations insectoaricides as abalon, 1,8%, Killer, 5% and Microfiol 80%, which were used against this vermin. The shown efficieng of such preparation varies from 90,0 to 93,9 % respectively.

The article presents the results of studying the chemical composition of fruits of different varieties of apple trees. The study of the chemical composition of apple fruits showed that the place of breeding and growth of the variety directly depends on the increase in the chemical composition of the fruit. The following apple varieties were identified: by dry matter - Afghan 255603, Roksa Red Delicious; by the amount of sugars - Georges kav, Jonared; by the amount of sucrose - Carnel Red, Georges Kav, Zarya Podolia, Mariorik Pia; for titratable acidity - Afghan 255603; for ascorbic acid - Grafenstein red, Calville Lezanne, Renet June, Apple-tree Gissar. These varieties can be used in breeding programs and introduced into production.

Treating seeds of leguminous crops against bruchuses 20 days before sowing with insecticide dressing agents at the rate of consumption of Avalanche 70% d. 4 heg / t and Cruiser Extra Cotton 362 c.t., 3 l /t at the end of the growing season preserves up to 45-50% yield.