Vol. 4 No. 07 (2022)

Background: Gallbladder polyps are generally small benign lesions that do not enlarge for years. However, follow-up with ultrasound examination is initially recommended to detect unexpected malignancy. The diagnosis of a gallbladder polyp is generally made with ultrasound examination, and in many instances the polyp is detected while performing the ultrasound examination in the diagnostic work-up of a condition not related to the gallbladder.

Patients and methods: The occurrence of a gallbladder polyp in a bodybuilder with symptomatic uremia is described, and an educational ultrasound image is provided.

Results: At about the age of 50 years, a professional bodybuilder presented with progressive symptomatic uremia associated with nausea, vomiting, pruritus, and mild anemia. He was not havening reduction in urine output, edema or hypertension. Renal ultrasound confirmed the chronicity of renal failure and showed small kidneys. Abdominal ultrasound also showed small polyp in the gall bladder.

Conclusion: The rare association of a gallbladder polyp in a bodybuilder with symptomatic uremia is reported.

The Hydrochemistry, quality and suitability of the groundwater for drinking, irrigation and industrial purposes in Okoma Community, Ahoada East Local Government Area, Rivers State, Nigeria have been assessed. A total of ten (10) samples of water were collected from hand dug wells in the area and analyzed to determine the physico-chemical parameters. The range values for the parameters are: pH (4.54–5.74), Temperature (28.6–29.8⁰C), EC (20-150µS/cm), Salinity (0.00–0.05ppt), DO (6.22-15.31ppm), TDS (70–180mg/l), Ca²⁺ (0.003–0.360mg/l), Mg²⁺ (0.048–0.305mg/l), K⁺ (0.405-4.370mg/l), Na⁺ (1.450–10.900mg/l), Fe²⁺ (0.001–0.079mg/l), PO₄^3- (0.001– 0.033mg/l), SO₄^2- (11.30 –29.70mg/l), NO₃^- (0.455–2.380mg/l), Cl^- (1.00–24.00mg/l). All parameters analyzed fall within the maximum and permissible limits of both WHO (2011) and NSDWQ (2007) regulatory guidelines except the pH which indicates acidity and therefore unsafe for drinking and industrial purposes. The Water Quality Index (WQI) values which ranges from (201.943–269.780) suggests that the water in the area is 100% of very poor quality and unsuitable for drinking. The Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) values ranging from (1.005–4.787Meq/l) suggests that the groundwater is good to excellent for the purpose of irrigation. More and frequent hydro-chemical studies should be carried out in the area to detect any further deterioration of the groundwater quality.

The fundamental target of the review was to detect hereditary markers, communicated in body liquid of mice once head hoist ways exploitation BCG as preparing specialist followed by promoter portions with BCG, Ag85B and moreover Ag-85complex amide. Mice body liquid examples were oppressed for 2 layered ionophoresis upheld that, we tend to known scope of biomarkers. Yet again some were found to down control once essential BCG immunization anyway were communicated once supporter portions with Ag85 B and Ag85 amide anyway not with BCG. We tend to furthermore known a few hereditary markers that were explicitly communicated exclusively once supporter portions with BCG, Ag85B and Ag85 amide. To close, body liquid hereditary profiling gives US accommodating data in recognizable proof of biomarkers. Portrayal of such macromolecule groups more by LC-MS in near future can work with US in ID of such encourage biomarkers which might be complementary with further developed adequacy of chief hoist immunization ways.