19
Volume 04 Issue 04-2022
The American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research
(ISSN
–
2689-1026)
VOLUME
04
I
SSUE
04
Pages:
19-21
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2020:
5.
286
)
(2021:
5.
64
)
(2022:
6.
319
)
OCLC
–
1121105510
METADATA
IF
–
7.569
Publisher:
The USA Journals
ABSTRACT
Primary prevention, based on healthy lifestyle habits that prevent the emergence of risk factors, is the preferred
method of reducing cardiovascular risk. Reducing the prevalence of obesity is the most urgent task, and it is
pleiotropic in that it affects blood pressure, lipid profile, glucose metabolism, inflammation, progression of
atherothrombotic disease. Physical activity also improves several risk factors, with the added potential to lower heart
rate.
KEYWORDS
Coronary artery disease; diabetes; high density lipoprotein; hypertension; inflammation; lifetime risk; low density
lipoprotein; metabolic syndrome.
INTRODUCTION
Coronary artery disease is caused by plaque buildup on
the walls of the coronary arteries that supply blood to
the heart. Plaque is made up of deposits of cholesterol
and other blood substances. The accumulation of
plaque leads to a narrowing of the lumen of the artery,
which can partially or completely block the blood flow.
Research Article
PREVENTION OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE
Submission Date:
April 05, 2022,
Accepted Date:
April 15, 2022,
Published Date:
April 28, 2022 |
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/TAJMSPR/Volume04Issue04-05
Iskandarova Shakhnoza
Scientific adviser, Professor of the Department of Public Health, Healthcare Management of the Tashkent
Pediatric medical institute (Uzbekistan)
Amilova Asalya
3th year students of the Medical and Pedagogical faculty of the Tashkent Pediatric medical institute
(Uzbekistan)
Journal
Website:
https://theamericanjou
rnals.com/index.php/ta
jmspr
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
20
Volume 04 Issue 04-2022
The American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research
(ISSN
–
2689-1026)
VOLUME
04
I
SSUE
04
Pages:
19-21
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2020:
5.
286
)
(2021:
5.
64
)
(2022:
6.
319
)
OCLC
–
1121105510
METADATA
IF
–
7.569
Publisher:
The USA Journals
Gradually atherosclerosis of vessels increases.
Prevention of coronary heart disease is desirable
among people without clinical manifestations of the
disease, and with patients with a clinical picture. The
organization of a balanced diet, lowering cholesterol
and blood sugar levels, controlling div weight,
normalizing blood pressure, combating smoking and
physical inactivity, as well as organizing the correct
daily routine and alternating work and rest reduce the
risk of disease over time. Prevention is aimed at
eliminating modifiable risk factors for the disease.
Proper nutrition is based on the principle of matching
the calories consumed with the calories expended.
Lowering the level of blood cholesterol improves the
general condition and can lead not only to the
prevention of the development of atherosclerosis and
coronary artery disease, but also to some regression of
atherosclerosis plaques already formed in the vessels.
Hypercholesterolemia must be fought by following a
diet, in the absence of an effect, the use of drugs
(statins) is possible. To control div weight, doctors
and nutritionists use an indicator called div mass
index. Patients with arterial hypertension have a high
risk of developing the disease. Bad habits, smoking
leads to a 2-fold increase in the risk of death from
coronary heart disease.
The fight against risk factors, drug prevention of
spasms of the coronary vessels, treatment and
prevention of arrhythmias, rehabilitation of patients
with the help of physical training and medications,
surgical care for patients are aimed at preventing
repeated exacerbations of coronary artery disease,
increasing the duration and quality of life, increasing
working capacity and preventing sudden death of
patients with ischemia of the heart. With ischemia, the
heart tissue loses its ability to function normally. Our
task is to reduce the load on the heart and prevent the
formation of plaques in the lumen of blood vessels. An
important role in prevention is played by the patient
himself, who must be an active ally of the doctor in the
struggle to preserve his health.
Symptoms of coronary heart disease usually appear in
people of middle and older age atherosclerosis begins
to develop already in childhood. Eating habits that
contribute to obesity and fat metabolism disorders
also begin to form in childhood. Moreover, it was
found that the elevated level of cholesterol in the
blood, detected in children, is quite persistently
preserved in them in the future. High blood pressure
also occurs as early as adolescence. Of course, not all
children with high blood pressure will become
persistent hypertensive patients in the future, but their
risk is undoubtedly higher than that of children with
normal blood pressure. Eating habits also largely
depend on the parents. Adolescents, especially those
who have authority among their peers, can
successfully promote a healthy lifestyle. Moreover,
often the example of a friend and the desire to be like
him have a stronger influence on the behavior of a
teenager than the recommendations of parents. At the
same time, children can positively influence the habits
of their parents, being promoters of a healthy lifestyle.
Teenagers themselves can actively influence the bad
habits of their friends, helping to get rid of them. This
is one of the most effective methods of influence.
Thus, the primary prevention of cardiovascular
diseases is based on the fight against risk factors for
these diseases. It is better, of course, to avoid the
habits that form these risk factors, but at the same
time, it is never too late to try to give them up. If we
analyze the essence of the recommended healthy
lifestyle, then there is nothing in it that is very difficult
to live without. In order for your heart to be healthy,
you need to eat rationally (a diet with a moderate
content of calories, salt, fat, cholesterol), monitor div
weight, engage in regular exercise, stop smoking and
21
Volume 04 Issue 04-2022
The American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research
(ISSN
–
2689-1026)
VOLUME
04
I
SSUE
04
Pages:
19-21
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2020:
5.
286
)
(2021:
5.
64
)
(2022:
6.
319
)
OCLC
–
1121105510
METADATA
IF
–
7.569
Publisher:
The USA Journals
alcohol abuse, regularly monitor your blood pressure.
As you can see, nothing fundamentally new and
impossible. Following these simple guidelines will help
you avoid many diseases without any limitation to an
active and enjoyable lifestyle. Prevention of coronary
heart disease, especially its forms such as angina
pectoris or myocardial infarction, is important, of
course, for everyone. Nevertheless, cardiologists
identify a certain risk group, for whose representatives
following the rules for the prevention of coronary
artery disease is a vital necessity.
We are talking, firstly, about patients with coronary
artery disease or other forms of atherosclerosis.
Properly implemented measures to prevent the
development of coronary artery disease help such
people avoid complications, often severe or even fatal,
which we talked about. Secondly, the risk group
includes healthy people with a high risk of developing
CHD due to the presence of one or, more often, several
risk factors for CHD. Recall these factors: high blood
pressure, high cholesterol, high blood sugar, smoking,
overweight, sedentary lifestyle. Separately, it is worth
mentioning the need to prevent coronary artery
disease in relation to people whose close relatives are
sick with coronary artery disease or other forms of
atherosclerosis or are at high risk of developing
coronary artery disease.
The main preventive measures are increasing physical
activity, quitting tobacco, switching to a healthy diet
and improving the emotional background. Physical
activity is important for better exercise tolerance, and
for improving the functioning of the heart muscle, and
for normalizing div weight. The fashion that has
recently arisen in our country for gyms with cardio
simulators, for classes under the guidance of an
experienced instructor, should favorably affect the
reduction in the incidence of coronary artery disease.
In addition to simulators for the prevention of coronary
artery disease, such completely democratic types of
physical activity as swimming, running and walking are
perfect. Very often, the trigger mechanism of coronary
disease is a neuropsychic mechanism. Therefore, a
favorable, benevolent emotional background is an
exceptionally powerful means of preventing coronary
artery disease. This also applies to relationships in the
family, and the emotions that a person experiences at
work. It would seem so easy to be happy with what is
and not be angry because of what is not, but
meanwhile, many of us tend to chase chimeras, often
to the detriment of our own happiness and health. A
person who monitors his health improves his well-
being. The quality of life improves the hormones of
happiness begin to be produced. Happy people rarely
get sick at all and almost never - cardiovascular
diseases.
REFERENCES
1.
Manual of Cardiology, "Heart Diseases".
Moscow, 1982.
2.
A.I. Gritsyuk "Emergency conditions in the
clinic of internal diseases". Kyiv, 1985.
3.
V.N. Zakharov Prevention and treatment of
coronary heart disease. Minsk, 1990
4.
Directory of a general practitioner. N.P.
Bochkov, V.A. Nasonov. 2002.
5.
Lloyd-Jones D, Adams R, Carneton M, et al.
Cardiovascular disease and stroke statistics –
2009.
6.
Cones R, Phillips JH Prevention of heart cell
death. In: Yu P.N., Goodwin J.F., eds. progress
in cardiology. 1975.
