Authors

  • Umar Saeed
    Department of Research and Development, Islamabad Diagnostic Center (IDC), F8 Markaz Islamabad (44000), Pakistan
  • Sara Rizwan Uppal
    Department of Research and Development, Islamabad Diagnostic Center (IDC), F8 Markaz Islamabad (44000), Pakistan
  • Zahra Zahid Piracha
    Department of Research and Development, Islamabad Diagnostic Center (IDC), F8 Markaz Islamabad (44000), Pakistan
  • Rizwan Uppal
    Principal Investigator, Department of Research and Development, Islamabad Diagnostic Center (IDC), F8 Markaz Islamabad (44000), Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37547/TAJMSPR/Volume03Issue09-06

Keywords:

S. Typhi XDR Widal

Abstract

There have been several outbreaks of antimicrobial resistant (AMR) strains of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi that cause extensively drug resistant (XDR) typhoid fever in Pakistan. It has been observed that many clinicians use serological diagnostic tests such as Widal agglutination, and TyphiDOT that detects IgM and IgG antibodies against the outer membrane protein of S. Typhi. However, it has been confirmed by many scientists that these test may lead to misdiagnosis against XDR S. Typhi. Due to lack of implementation strategies health authorities are unable to hamper Widal or TyphiDOT tests which are still practiced in many rural and urban areas.

References

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