THE NOTICE AND ACTION PROCEDURES IN THE EU AND ITS ROLE IN INTERNET-RELATED DISPUTES
Keywords:
Abstract
Today Internet has been serving not only to exchange information, but it is a place of offering different services. Hosting service providers can be categorized as one type of online intermediaries, which provide a huge amount of information through their websites. However, they do not know which information is illegal until someone notifies them about illegal content on their website. In another word, hosting service providers should have “actual knowledge” to take action against illegal content. If they do not have actual knowledge, they should not be liable for illegal content, which they host.
This article explains how notice and action procedure works in the EU and shows some main issues of its legal framework. In first section, it analyzes the different ways of interpretation of “actual knowledge” and its horizontal application to all illegal contents. Then it discusses how fast illegal contents should be removed or disabled regarding with different types of illegal contents. Finally, it recommends some future reforms to EU legislation in order to make this procedure more transparent and fair.
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References
Table of Cases (EU)
Delfi AS v Estonia [2015] Case no. 64569/09 European Court of Human Rights
Godfrey v. Demon Internet, [1999] 4 WLUK 224
L’Oreal and Others v eBay,[2011] Case C-324/09, Court of Justice of the European Union
Table of Cases (US)
Zeran v. America Online, Inc [1997] 129 F.3d 327
Table of Legislation EU
EC Directive on Electronic Commerce, 2000
Irish Copyright and Related Rights Act 2000
Table of Legislation (US)
Communications Decency Act 1996
Digital Millennium Copyright Act, 1998
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‘A clean and open Internet: Public consultation on procedures for notifying and acting on illegal content hosted by online intermediaries, available at https://blackboard.brunel.ac.uk/bbcswebdav/pid-1354701-dt-content-rid-6687642_1/courses/C.LX5625.A.2020-1.TRM2/Notice%20and%20Takedown%20Consultation%202012.pdf (last accessed on 17 July 2021)
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Websites
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