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METHODS OF TEACHING VOCABULARY AND PRONUNCIATION
SKILLS TO CHILDREN
Andijan State Institute of Foreign Languages
Scientific supervisor:
X. Mamadaliyeva
Alaydinova Maharramxon
student of the group – 407
ANNOTATSIYA:
Sifatli ta'limga erishish uchun maktabgacha ta'lim yoshidagi
bolalarning o‘qitish tizimi ijobiy tomonga takomillashtirilishi lozim. Ushbu maqolada
tilning emg muhim ko‘nikmalaridan biri bo‘lgan — og‘zaki nutqni rivojlantirish
vositalari yoritib beriladi. Shuningdek, mavzu doirasida uslublar va tuzilmalar haqida
batafsil ma’lumotlar keltiriladi.
ANNOTATION:
In order to have a good education, the teaching system of pre-
school kids should improve positively. And this article looks at devices for teaching
the most significant language skill called : speaking . Also it gives methods and
structures with detailed information on the theme.
АННОТАЦИЯ:
Для достижения качественного образования необходимо
положительно совершенствовать систему обучения детей дошкольного возраста.
В данной статье рассматриваются средства обучения одному из важнейших
языковых навыков — устной речи. Также представлены методы и структуры с
подробной информацией по теме.
KALIT SOʻZLAR:
og‘zaki nutq ko‘nikmalari, "mushugimga gapirish" metodi,
hikoya qilish, qayta hikoya qilish, til buradigan ifodalar tez aytishlar, eng uzun so‘zlar,
qo‘shiqlar, maqollar, iboralar, frazeologik birikmalar, sinonimlar va antonimlar.
KEYWORDS:
oral speech habits, "speaking to my cat", storytelling, retelling,
tongue twisters, longest words, songs, proverbs, idioms, phrasal words, synonyms and
antonyms.
КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА:
навыки устной речи, «разговор с моей кошкой»,
рассказывание историй, пересказ, скороговорки, самые длинные слова, песни,
пословицы, идиомы, фразовые глаголы, синонимы и антонимы.
"The earlier a child is exposed to a foreign language, the more likely they are to
achieve native-like pronunciation and fluency." (Lightbown, P. M., & Spada, N.
(2013). How Languages are Learned (4th ed.). Oxford University Press.)
Teaching a foreign language to children from early ages is straightforward and
very interesting, as children are interested in every new thing they are leaning. Because
of learning in early age children will become more fluent in second language and will
have beautiful pronunciation looking at other learners. At the beginning of teaching a
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foreign languages to kids, the more attention it to speaking skill as it is fundamental
base of conversation and discourse. Following, it is given utilising methods to teach
oral speaking to young English learners:
The first method is named by me as: "Speaking to my cat". In this method young
English learners should use the language on daily basis instead of their mother tongue.
And also they have to use it in streets when they are with friends, at home when they
are with their family members, parents and siblings, at school with colleagues. Even
they have to speak in English to their animals including cats, dogs, and whatever, even
they do not understand English (but do animals understand mother tongue of their
owners). By this way young learner practices oral speech with the help of daily
conversations or with their monologues. Here, they have to respond in English even
though the question is in mother tongue.
For example : dad is asking "Bog'chada nimalar qilingiz, bolajonim?"
The learner may answer like: "I play, I eat". There will be mistakes but no fear
about that errors, no fear in speaking.
For example : mom is asking to look after the dog, "Kuchuginga qarab qo'ygin"
The kid may go near to dog and speak it as "my dear dog, you are beautiful, I
like you, you like bone" or "my dog, I learn poem today, let's listen it..." and so on.
Moreover, speaking looking at mirror is also one of the positive approaches. In
this method, language learner speaks looking at mirror looking at their face and eyes
with learning speaking in front of the eyes and with face mimics: (frowning eyebrows,
smiling)
This approach is good for preparation before a minute or two-minutes speech to
secondary school English learners.
For example : one looking at mirror and saying "Hello, I am Maharramxon
Alaydinova, and I am going to speak about my daily routine...".
The approach of learning tongue twister has a lot to do with fluency in speech.
Not only because they are pronounced fast, but also because they have a good influence
on pronounsation. The educator can utilise tongue twisters as a punishment in
classroom, how if the student is late, then give them a tongue twister to tell at list 10
times. For example :
Student: "I'm sorry I'm late"
Teacher : "Welcome to tell tongue twister"
Student : OK
Teacher : "Red lorry, yellow lorry"
Student : "Sorry, madam".
Teaching tongue twister is also beneficial habit in pre-schools and secondary
schools. As the analysis of the OpenAI tongue twister:
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Improves Pronunciation: Tongue twisters challenge the speaker to
articulate difficult sounds clearly, which helps improve pronunciation and clarity
of speech.
Enhances Fluency: Regular practice with tongue twisters boosts
speaking speed and fluency, especially when trying to speak without hesitation.
Strengthens Speech Muscles: They help develop and strengthen the
muscles involved in speech, which is useful for both children and adults.
Increases Focus and Concentration: Saying tongue twisters
correctly requires attention, which can sharpen concentration and mental
alertness.
Fun and Motivating: Tongue twisters are often funny and engaging,
making them a playful and enjoyable way to practice language.
And when it comes to learning longest words as a hobby or habit it has a lot to
do with memory. Not only because they are long but also they have interesting
definitions. And for me leaning the longest word is just for fun.
For example: pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis which means an
invented long word said to mean a lung disease caused by inhaling very fine ash and
sand dust.
"Young learners acquire spoken language best through meaningful interaction
and communication, not through rote repetition." ( Cameron, L. (2001). Teaching
Languages to Young Learners. Cambridge University Press.)
And it is turn to storytelling and retelling method, in storytelling method a kid
describes a toy or picture in front of the others. By this method they can strengthen
their memory and enhance vocabulary. For example, a kid takes one of the favourite
toy and catches it, starts describing with the help of simple words and adjectives. " This
a cat. It has gor white fur. It is pretty."
Retelling is the act of recounting or narrating a story, event, or information in
one’s own words. It involves recalling the main ideas, key details, and sequence of
events from the original source, often to demonstrate understanding or to share the
content with others. Retelling can be done orally or in written form and is commonly
used as a teaching and comprehension strategy. This strategy enhances synonyms and
antonyms and helps to develop paraphrasing skill.
In this strategy a pupil should retell the text with the help of synonym words and
with the help of paraphrasing.
A teacher tells a story and a pupil will try it in their own words, or a teacher
gives a text and a pupil do his telling.
In summary in order to develop speaking skills one should do their best with the
help of method which work with them.
References:
Ta'lim innovatsiyasi va integratsiyasi
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ISSN:3030-3621
1.
Lightbown, P. M., & Spada, N. (2013). How Languages are Learned (4th ed.).
Oxford University Press.
2.
Cameron, L. (2001). Teaching Languages to Young Learners. Cambridge
University Press.
3.
Cameron, L. (2001). Teaching Languages to Young Learners. Cambridge
University Press.
4.
Harmer, J. (2007). The Practice of English Language Teaching (4th ed.).
Longman.
