Universal International Scientific Journal
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Abdukarimova Gavkharoibonu Gayratbek kizi
Lewis University,USA
Uzbekistan
Annotatsiya.
Immuno-onkologiya, saraton kasalligini tadqiq qilishning yangi sohasi, immunitet
tizimining xavfli o'smalarni aniqlash va yo'q qilish qobiliyatidan foydalanadi. Immunitetni nazorat qilish
punkti ingibitorlari va CAR T-hujayra terapiyasi kabi istiqbolli yutuqlarga qaramay, davolash
samaradorligi bemorlar orasida keng farq qiladi. Rivojlanayotgan tadqiqotlar shuni ko'rsatadiki,
mezbonning psixologik holati va parhezga ta'sir qilish, xususan, genetik va kimyoviy jihatdan o'zgartirilgan
oziq-ovqatlar immunitetni o'zgartirishi, o'smaning rivojlanishiga ta'sir qilishi va davolash natijalariga
vositachilik qilishi mumkin. Ushbu maqolada o'sma immunitetiga neyropsikologik va parhez ta'siri
bo'yicha joriy adabiyotlarning keng qamrovli akademik sintezi keltirilgan. Surunkali stressni, ichak
mikrobiotasini o'zgartirishni va immunitetni bostirishni o'sma mikro muhiti bilan bog'laydigan saratonning
ko'p o'lchovli "neyro-psixo-immunologik modeli" taklif etiladi. Ushbu fanlararo tahlil paradigma
o'zgarishini ko'rsatadi: saraton nafaqat genetik yoki hujayrali hodisa, balki atrof-muhit va xulq-atvor
omillari ta'sirida integratsiyalashgan tizimli kasallikdir. Bunday tushunish zamonaviy onkologiyada
ko'proq shaxsiylashtirilgan, profilaktika va yaxlit terapevtik strategiyalarga olib kelishi mumkin.
Kalit so‘zlar:
Immuno-onkologiya, surunkali stress, o'sma immuniteti, neyroimmunologiya, CAR-T
terapiyasi, GMO, ichak mikrobiotasi, psixologik stress, immunitetni bostirish, saraton mikromuhiti.
UNIVERSAL XALQARO ILMIY
JURNAL
NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL AND NUTRITIONAL MODULATORS OF CANCER
IMMUNITY: A COMPREHENSIVE PERSPECTIVE IN IMMUNO-ONCOLOGY
Universal International Scientific
Year: 2025 Issue: 2 Volume: 5
Published: 29.06.2025
International indexes
Universal International Scientific Journal
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5
Аннотация:
Иммуноонкология, развивающаяся область исследований рака, использует
способность иммунной системы распознавать и устранять злокачественные новообразования.
Несмотря на многообещающие достижения, такие как ингибиторы иммунных контрольных точек и
терапия CAR-T-клетками, эффективность лечения значительно различается у разных пациентов.
Новые исследования показывают, что психологическое состояние хозяина и воздействие диеты,
особенно генетически и химически модифицированных продуктов, могут изменять иммунные
реакции, влиять на прогрессирование опухоли и опосредовать результаты лечения. В этой статье
представлен всесторонний академический синтез современной литературы относительно
нейропсихологических и пищевых влияний на иммунитет опухоли. Предлагается многомерная
«нейро-психо-иммунологическая модель» рака, связывающая хронический стресс, измененную
микробиоту кишечника и подавление иммунитета с микросредой опухоли. Этот
междисциплинарный анализ предполагает смену парадигмы: рак — это не только генетическое или
клеточное явление, но и интегративное системное заболевание, на которое влияют экологические и
поведенческие факторы. Такое понимание может привести к более персонализированным,
профилактическим и целостным терапевтическим стратегиям в современной онкологии.
Ключевые слова:
Иммуноонкология, хронический стресс, иммунитет опухолей,
нейроиммунология, терапия CAR-T, ГМО, микробиота кишечника, психологический стресс,
подавление иммунитета, микроокружение рака.
Abstract:
Immuno-oncology, an evolving domain of cancer research, leverages the immune
system’s ability to recognize and eliminate malignancies. Despite promising advances such as immune
checkpoint inhibitors and CAR-T cell therapy, treatment efficacy varies significantly among patients.
Emerging studies reveal that the host's psychological state and dietary exposures, particularly to genetically
and chemically modified foods, can alter immune responses, influence tumor progression, and mediate
treatment outcomes. This article provides a comprehensive academic synthesis of current literature
regarding the neuropsychological and nutritional influences on tumor immunity. A multidimensional
“neuro-psycho-immunological model” of cancer is proposed, linking chronic stress, altered gut microbiota,
and immune suppression to the tumor microenvironment. This interdisciplinary analysis suggests a
paradigm shift: cancer is not solely a genetic or cellular phenomenon, but an integrative systemic disease
influenced by environmental and behavioral inputs. Such insight may lead to more personalized, preventive,
and holistic therapeutic strategies in modern oncology.
Keywords:
Immuno-oncology, chronic stress, tumor immunity, neuroimmunology, CAR-T therapy,
GMOs, gut microbiota, psychological stress, immune suppression, cancer microenvironment.
Language:
English
Citation:
Abdukarimova , G. (2025). NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL AND NUTRITIONAL
MODULATORS OF CANCER IMMUNITY: A COMPREHENSIVE PERSPECTIVE IN IMMUNO-
Universal International Scientific Journal
4
6
ONCOLOGY.
Universal
International
Scientific
Journal,
2(6),
44–48.
Retrieved
from
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Copyright © 2025 by author(s) and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under
the
Creative
Commons
Attribution
International
License
(CC
BY
4.0).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Introduction
Cancer remains a global health burden,
responsible for nearly 10 million deaths
annually. Despite major strides in therapeutics,
survival
rates
remain
highly
variable
depending on tumor type, genetic mutations,
and host-specific factors. Immuno-oncology
has emerged as a promising field aiming to
engage the patient’s immune system in
identifying and destroying malignant cells.
The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors,
CAR-T cell therapies, and cancer vaccines
represent revolutionary tools. However, a
growing div of evidence suggests that the
immune system’s effectiveness is intricately
influenced by environmental, behavioral, and
psychological factors. These include chronic
stress, depression, nutritional imbalances, and
consumption of genetically and chemically
modified foods. Understanding how these
elements interface with immune function is
crucial
for
developing
personalized,
integrative cancer therapies.
Cancer Immunoediting and Immune
Evasion
The concept of immunoediting describes
the dynamic interaction between the immune
system and tumor cells. This process
encompasses
three
distinct
phases:
elimination, equilibrium, and escape. Initially,
the immune system detects and destroys
transformed cells. Over time, selective
pressure leads to the survival of less
immunogenic variants. Eventually, these
tumor cells adapt mechanisms to avoid
immune
detection,
such
as
PD-L1
overexpression,
recruitment
of
immunosuppressive cells (Tregs and MDSCs),
and modulation of cytokine networks. Despite
therapeutic
advances,
immune
evasion
remains a significant barrier. Consequently,
researchers are investigating how non-genetic
factors such as stress and diet might further
impair anti-tumor immunity and foster
immune escape.
Chronic Stress and the Neuroendocrine-
Immunological Axis
Chronic
stress
activates
the
hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis
and sympathetic nervous system (SNS),
leading to elevated levels of cortisol and
catecholamines. These hormones inhibit
cytotoxic T lymphocytes and NK cells, and
shift immune balance toward a Th2-dominated
response. Stress-induced cytokines such as IL-
6 and TNF-alpha promote inflammation,
angiogenesis,
and
tumor
proliferation.
Psychological stress also alters the tumor
microenvironment, enabling immune evasion
and metastasis. Notably, animal studies have
shown that stress accelerates the growth of
mammary and ovarian tumors. Human studies
further corroborate this, linking stress and
depression with poorer outcomes in breast,
colorectal, and lung cancer patients.
Psychological
States
and
Immune
Dysregulation
Mental health disorders like depression
and
anxiety
correlate
with
immune
suppression and systemic inflammation.
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Depressed individuals exhibit reduced T-cell
proliferation, diminished NK cell activity, and
elevated
inflammatory
markers.
These
immune alterations may diminish the efficacy
of immunotherapy. Cognitive behavioral
interventions and mindfulness-based stress
reduction have shown promise in reversing
these immune changes and improving quality
of life. Integrating mental health care into
oncology practices is essential for a holistic
treatment
model
that
supports
both
physiological and psychological resilience.
Dietary Influences: Genetically Modified
and Processed Foods
Modern diets are increasingly dominated
by processed and genetically modified foods
(GMOs), many of which contain artificial
preservatives, pesticides, and endocrine-
disrupting compounds. These substances have
been linked to increased oxidative stress, DNA
damage, and epigenetic modifications that
may promote oncogenesis. For instance,
glyphosate, a common herbicide, may alter gut
microbiota composition and promote chronic
inflammation. Moreover, high intake of
refined sugars and trans fats is associated with
obesity—a recognized risk factor for multiple
cancers. A diet rich in whole, unprocessed
foods supports immune homeostasis, reduces
inflammatory load, and may enhance the
efficacy of cancer therapies.
The Gut Microbiota as a Mediator of
Immunity and Tumor Response
The
gut
microbiota
profoundly
influences systemic immunity. Disruption of
microbial diversity, termed dysbiosis, is
associated with chronic inflammation and
impaired immune surveillance. Beneficial
microbes such as Faecalibacterium prausnitzii
and
Akkermansia
muciniphila
promote
mucosal immunity and enhance responses to
immune checkpoint inhibitors. Conversely,
dysbiotic microbiota resulting from poor diet
or antibiotics may impair tumor immunity.
Probiotic and prebiotic interventions are being
explored to optimize gut health and improve
cancer outcomes.
Toward a Neuro-Psycho-Immunological
Model of Cancer
Emerging
evidence
supports
the
integration of neural, psychological, and
immunological factors into a unified model of
cancer development and progression. This
model posits that chronic psychological stress,
coupled with environmental insults such as
poor diet, collectively impair immune
competence and foster a tumor-promoting
milieu. Future oncology must consider
emotional
well-being,
microbiota
composition,
and
dietary
patterns
as
modulators of treatment efficacy. Personalized
treatment strategies incorporating mental
health screening, nutritional guidance, and
immune profiling will be pivotal in next-
generation oncology care.
Implications for Research and Clinical
Practice
To translate these insights into practice,
interdisciplinary collaboration is necessary.
Oncologists, immunologists, psychologists,
and nutritionists must work together to create
integrative care protocols. Research must
focus on identifying biomarkers that reflect
neuro-immune interaction and dietary impact.
Longitudinal studies investigating how stress
and
nutrition
influence
immunotherapy
outcomes are critical. In clinical settings,
implementing
routine
psychological
assessments and dietary interventions could
substantially improve patient outcomes and
reduce recurrence risk.
Conclusion
Cancer is not merely a disease of genetic
mutations, but a systemic disorder influenced
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8
by
psychosocial,
nutritional,
and
immunological factors. The evolving field of
immuno-oncology
offers
unprecedented
potential to harness the immune system.
However, to fully realize its promise, we must
acknowledge and address the broader context
in which immune function operates. The
integration of neuropsychological health,
dietary quality, and microbial ecology into
cancer care can transform how we understand,
prevent, and treat malignancies in the 21st
century.
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