Universal International Scientific Journal
83
Moksudov Islambek Moksud ogli
University of Science and Technology
Department of Social Sciences, Religious Studies Teacher
Uzbekistan
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6309-6551
Abstract:
This article discusses the origins of Islam, the foundations of its formation as a religion,
its current role and problems. The more we understand Islam, the more perfect and beautiful our lives will
be. The principles that underpin spiritual, moral, and intellectual growth in Islamic teachings hold a
significant place in shaping human life. These foundations are derived from the Qur'anic verses, the
traditions of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), and the perspectives of Muslim philosophers. The article
examines concepts such as justice, wisdom, free will, and a sense of responsibility, which serve as guiding
principles for elevating individuals and society. The author highlights the relevance of Islamic values in
universal ethics and their harmony with modern philosophical thought, showcasing the Islamic approach
to understanding the meaning and purpose of human life. The article affirms the enduring significance of
Islamic philosophical principles in contemporary contexts, emphasizing their potential to foster a stable and
just society.
Keywords:
Islam, Jews, Arabia, Islamic philosophy, Isfahan philosophy, mosque, minaret,
khanaqah, madrasa.
Universal Xalqaro Ilmiy Jurnal
Jurnalning bosh sahifasi:
THE IDEAL FOUNDATIONS OF HUMAN PHILOSOPHY IN ISLAM
Universal International Scientific
Year: 2025 Issue: 2 Volume: 1
Published: 11.01.2025
International indexes
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Annotatsiya:
Ushbu maqolada islom dinining kelib chiqishi, uning din sifatida shakllanishi asoslari,
hozirgi roli va muammolari muhokama qilinadi. Islomni qanchalik chuqur anglasak, hayotimiz shunchalik
mukammal va go‘zal bo‘ladi. Islom ta’limotidagi ma’naviy, axloqiy va aqliy o‘sishni ta’minlovchi
tamoyillar inson hayotini shakllantirishda muhim o‘rin tutadi. Bu asoslar Qur'on oyatlaridan, Muhammad
payg'ambar (s.a.v.) urf-odatlari va musulmon faylasuflarining qarashlaridan kelib chiqqan. Maqolada
adolat, donolik, iroda erkinligi, mas'uliyat hissi kabi tushunchalar ko'rib chiqiladi, ular shaxs va jamiyatni
yuksaltirishda yetakchi tamoyil bo'lib xizmat qiladi. Muallif islomiy qadriyatlarning umuminsoniy
axloqdagi dolzarbligini va ularning zamonaviy falsafiy tafakkur bilan uyg'unligini ta'kidlab, inson
hayotining mazmuni va maqsadini tushunishga islomiy yondashuvni ko'rsatadi. Maqolada islom falsafiy
tamoyillarining zamonaviy kontekstdagi doimiy ahamiyati tasdiqlanib, ularning barqaror va adolatli
jamiyatni barpo etish salohiyatiga urg‘u berilgan.
Kalit so‘zlar:
Islom, yahudiylar, Arabiston, islom falsafasi, Isfahon falsafasi, masjid, minora,
xonaqoh, madrasa.
Аннотация:
В данной статье рассматриваются истоки ислама, основы его становления как
религии, его современная роль и проблемы. Чем больше мы понимаем Ислам, тем совершеннее и
прекраснее будет наша жизнь. Принципы, лежащие в основе духовного, морального и
интеллектуального роста в исламских учениях, занимают важное место в формировании
человеческой жизни. Эти основы основаны на стихах Корана, традициях Пророка Мухаммада (мир
ему и благословение Аллаха) и взглядах мусульманских философов. В статье рассматриваются
такие понятия, как справедливость, мудрость, свобода воли и чувство ответственности, которые
служат руководящими принципами возвышения личности и общества. Автор подчеркивает
актуальность исламских ценностей в общечеловеческой этике и их гармонию с современной
философской мыслью, демонстрируя исламский подход к пониманию смысла и цели человеческой
жизни. В статье подтверждается непреходящее значение исламских философских принципов в
современном контексте, подчеркивая их потенциал в создании стабильного и справедливого
общества.
Ключевые слова:
ислам, евреи, Аравия, исламская философия, философия Исфахана, мечеть,
минарет, ханака, медресе.
Language:
English
Citation:
Moksudov , I. (2025). THE IDEAL FOUNDATIONS OF HUMAN PHILOSOPHY IN
ISLAM.
Universal
International
Scientific
Journal,
2(1),
83–89.
Retrieved
from
https://universaljurnal.uz/index.php/jurnal/article/view/1410
Doi:
Universal International Scientific Journal
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INTRODUCTION
Islam is a set of divine religious laws
revealed by Allah through the Prophet
Muhammad (PBUH). This religious
culture, collected in many sacred books,
has developed over a period of 1400 years.
The religion of Islam teaches that by
believing in Allah, its laws, and the Prophet
Muhammad (PBUH), one can serve to
achieve happiness in this world and the
hereafter. The three main sources of Islam
are the Quran, the Sunnah, and the Hadith.
The Quran, the divine words of Allah,
revealed through the Prophet Muhammad
(PBUH), is the pillar for every Muslim and
is the foundation of the Islamic religion.
The Sunnah represents the practices that
developed based on the life and sayings of
the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). Hadiths
are the sayings and deeds of the Prophet
Muhammad (PBUH). The religion of
Islam, as described, consists of basic deeds
such as faith, prayer, fasting, zakat, and
charity. Through these deeds, a person
draws closer to Allah and is saved from
darkness, evil, and destruction. The
religion of Islam includes indicators that
are contrary to human health, goodness,
and respect.
Islamic philosophy
- This is a
development in philosophy that is
distinguished by its affiliation with the
Islamic tradition. In Arabic, there are two
terms that are translated into Latin as
"philosophy",
and
they
refer
to
"philosophy",
which,
along
with
philosophy,
also
includes
logic,
mathematics and physics, and "the science
of speech"; This refers to the science that
aims to prove religious beliefs with logical
arguments.
The main sources of classical or early
Islamic philosophy are the Islamic religion
itself (especially ideas derived and
interpreted from the Quran) as well as pre-
Islamic Indian philosophy, along with
Greek philosophy, which was inherited by
the early Muslims as a result of the
conquests.
Philosophy
and
Persian
Philosophy. Many early philosophical
discussions focused on the harmony of
religion and reason embodied in Greek
philosophy.
The concept of philosophy in Islam
The closest word to the word
philosophy is the word "hikmat", which is
used in the main Islamic texts (the Quran
and Sunnah). That is why we find many
Muslim philosophers using the word
"wisdom" as a synonym. For the word
"philosophy", which entered Arab-Islamic
thought. The word "philosophy" is Greek
and consists of two Greek syllables:
"philien" meaning "to love" and "sophia"
meaning "wisdom". There are several
definitions of philosophy for Muslim
philosophers, including as al-Kindi said:
And if in the context of Islamic civilization
the
word
philosophy
has
become
associated with the concepts of Greco-
Western philosophy, then if we try to speak
of Islamic philosophy in a general sense as
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a universal understanding and study of the
nature of life, we must include the
following.
Early Islamic philosophy began in the
second century of the Islamic calendar
(early 9th century CE) with Yaqub ibn
Ishaq al-Kindi and ended with Ibn Rushd
in the sixth century of the Hijri calendar
(late 12th century CE), largely coinciding
with the same period. With the period
known as the Golden Age for Islam. Ibn
Rushd's death marked the end of a
particular branch of Islamic philosophy,
usually called the Arab Peripatetic school,
and in western Islamic countries such as
Andalusia and North Africa.
Islamic philosophy continued to
flourish in the Eastern Islamic countries,
particularly in the Safavid Persian state and
the Ottoman and Mongol empires, with
many schools of philosophy including
Avicenna (related to Ibn Sina), Rushdism
(related to Ibn Sina), Illuminist philosophy,
and Sufi philosophy, the philosophy of
transcendental wisdom, and the philosophy
of Isfahan.
The term "Islamic philosophy" refers
to the philosophy produced in the Islamic
world, and it is a general term that can be
defined and used in various ways. This
term broadly refers to the Islamic
worldview, derived from Islamic texts
regarding the creation of the universe and
the will of the Creator. In other words, it
refers to any school of learning that
flourished during the Islamic Empire or
during the Arab-Islamic culture and
Islamic civilization. In a narrow sense, the
word philosophy is a translation of
Philosophia, which refers to specific
schools of thought, many of which were
influenced
by
Greek
philosophical
approaches such as Platonism and
Aristotelianism.
Islamic philosophy is not concerned
with religious matters and is not
exclusively produced by Muslims. Not all
sects in Islam recognize the usefulness or
legitimacy of philosophical inquiry. Some
argue that there is no indication that human
limited knowledge and experience can lead
you to the truth. It is also worth noting that
"reason" is recognized as a source of law in
Islam.
The word "Islam" comes from the
Arabic language and means "the true,
correct path." The original meaning of this
combination is that it represents the rules
that are necessary for human life, which
cannot be lost, cannot be canceled. Islam is
a collection of religions that unites all of
these, gives equal destiny and dignity to all
people, is considered a law and companion,
and is recognized by the unity and
transparency of Allah. Islam is a religious
system that encompasses many people
around the world, commands respect and
honor, and brings trust and blessings. Islam
influences people in various ways. The
teachings of Islam guide and shape the
lives of its followers in many ways. First of
all, the teachings of Islam teach believers
moral values and principles. In Islam,
values such as justice, compassion,
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tolerance, patience, generosity, loyalty, and
honesty play an important role among
people.
These
values
strengthen
relationships between people by regulating
interactions in social relationships and help
build a peaceful society. The teachings of
Islam also contribute to the spiritual
development of people. Worship such as
prayer, fasting, zakat, and hajj help
believers feel close to Allah and strengthen
their spiritual world. In addition to
worship, reading and understanding the
Holy Quran also serves the spiritual
development of believers.
The teachings of Islam also influence
people's worldview and behavior. Islam
teaches us to respect everything that Allah
Almighty has created. Therefore, issues
such as respect for the environment, animal
rights, and respect for each other are
included in the teachings of Islam.
Therefore, the influence of Islam on
believers is quite broad. The teachings of
Islam help to develop the moral, spiritual
and behavioral qualities of believers and
help people to function well in social
relations, environmental problems and
other areas. Islam is a religious system
based on the Quran, which was revealed to
the last prophet of Allah, Muhammad
(PBUH), and the words and actions of the
prophet. Islam offers believers teachings to
ensure happiness in this world and the
hereafter, to support the moral and spiritual
development of people, and to ensure
peace in society. The life of the Islamic
religion consists of basic teachings such as
belief in Allah Almighty, prophets, angels,
fate, the afterlife, prayer, fasting, zakat,
pilgrimage, and other acts of worship. The
fundamental belief in Islam is that there is
only one God, the Creator, and that people
should worship Him. Islam teaches that
people should live in harmony with their
creation and follow the moral code set by
God. It helps people establish a right
relationship with themselves, other people,
and all that they have created. In Islam, acts
of worship such as prayer, fasting, zakat,
and hajj are important for believers to turn
to God, strengthen their spiritual world,
and educate themselves. These meetings
also contribute to the social life of believers
and help them to have good relationships
with other people. In Islam, spiritual values
such as justice, tolerance, compassion,
honesty, generosity, and loyalty govern
human behavior and play an important role
in social relations. In Islam, there is no
discrimination
between
people
and
everyone is treated equally. Therefore, the
direction of the Islamic religion is based on
people turning to Allah Almighty,
strengthening
their
spiritual
world,
behaving in accordance with moral and
social values, and applying justice and
tolerance. The basic teachings of the
Islamic religion help people to organize
their lives and live a happy life.
Islam is the main source of religious
cultures and social support systems
practiced by Muslims around the world.
The future role of Islam may depend on
several important issues. First, Islam
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should contribute to important goals such
as supporting human rights and freedoms,
ensuring international solidarity and
stability, and promoting human justice,
fairness, and integrity. Secondly, Islam
should help people to understand important
worldly issues, such as cooperation and
solidarity, scientific and technological
advancement, the fight against evil and
terrorism, the protection of people and
nature, the harmony between people and
nature, and so on. Islam also recommends
goodness and good deeds and teaches
human dignity based on avoiding evil,
respecting individual and social rights and
freedoms, ensuring international harmony
and stability, and being at the service of
friends and relatives. Islam also plays an
important role in the spiritual life of people
and includes activities aimed at purifying
people's souls, becoming more subtle,
further developing social activities, and
transforming people in their natural
interactions. The future of Islam is very
important for society and humanity, and
Muslims continue to play a significant role
in important developments in the world.
Currently, there are 4 ancient copies of the
Mushaf known to exist in the Islamic
world. One of them is the original copy
kept in Medina, and in Islamic sources it is
mentioned as "Imam". The second copy is
kept in the Kaaba, and the third copy is kept
in the Egyptian National Library in Cairo.
The fourth is kept in the Museum of the
History of the Peoples of Uzbekistan in
Tashkent and was transferred to the
Muslim Religious Affairs Office of
Uzbekistan in early 1989. According to the
Pesh Research Center in the US, Islam may
become the largest religion in the world by
2070.
The Pesh Center considers Islam to be
the world's fastest-growing religion. If
demographic growth continues at its
current rate, Islam, currently the world's
second-largest religion, could become the
world's largest religion by the end of the
21st century, with the number of Muslims
in the world exceeding that of Christians.
The Pesh study estimates the total number
of Muslims in the world at 1.6 billion,
while the number of Christians is 2.17
billion. According to population growth
modeling, by 2050, the number of
Christians will reach 2.92 billion, while the
Muslim population will reach 2.76 billion.
By 2070, Muslims will be the largest
population in the world.
CONCLUSION AND
SUGGESTIONS:
We can summarize our religion by
saying that Allah is in our hearts and
minds. Islam has left its mark on the art of
Muslim countries. In the field of
architecture, this process led to the
emergence and widespread spread of new
types of buildings (mosques, minarets,
khanaqahs, madrasas, etc.). We hope that it
will serve as one of the first steps for those
who have become more deeply acquainted
with the world of Islamic law and who will
correctly interpret and propagate the
secrets of knowledge they have acquired to
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the next generation. In order to learn our
religion perfectly, we must visit shrines
and holy places that glorify our religion.
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