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PROPHYLACTIC DISPENSARY SCREENING OF DESIGNATED
CONTINGENTS FOR BRUCELLOSIS
Mizrobov Doston Oktamovich
Bukhara State Medical Institute
Abstract:
In order to timely identify individuals infected with brucellosis, in
accordance with the current directive of the Ministry of Health, individuals being
employed as well as designated high-risk contingents must undergo mandatory annual
prophylactic dispensary screening. This article outlines the general characteristics of
brucellosis, including its etiology, epidemiology, methods of diagnosis and treatment,
and strategies for improving prevention and epidemic control measures. The article
also analyzes the main directions for reducing the spread of infectious diseases, based
on global experience and modern approaches.
Keywords:
Brucellosis, infectious diseases, etiology, epidemiology, prevention,
epidemic control, designated contingents, dispensary screening
Main Content
Introduction:
To ensure timely detection of individuals infected with brucellosis, the current
directive of the Ministry of Health mandates that individuals being newly employed,
as well as those belonging to the following high-risk contingents, undergo mandatory
prophylactic dispensary screening at least once per year:
Individuals engaged either permanently or temporarily in farms (healthy or
affected by brucellosis) where any type of livestock is raised, for purposes such as
collecting animal products, shearing wool, slaughtering, primary processing, and
transportation.
Individuals engaged either permanently or temporarily at enterprises
processing livestock products and raw materials originating from farms or districts
known to be affected by brucellosis.
Medical, veterinary, zoo-technical, and other specialists who work with live
Brucella cultures or infected material, as well as those in contact with animals infected
or suspected of being infected with brucellosis.
Organization and oversight of dispensary screening is carried out by the regional
health authorities. Sanitary and Epidemiological Surveillance Centers (SES) are
responsible for monitoring the coverage of these contingents, compiling lists of
facilities and employees, and assessing occupational risk factors.
The administrations of selected facilities are required to submit a confirmed list
of workers undergoing regular medical screening for brucellosis. The primary
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Volume-39_Issue-2_May-2025
134
specialist conducting the examination is the district therapist. Serological testing for
brucellosis is carried out using the Heddelson test, Wright’s test, or
immunofluorescence test (IFT).
Individuals with positive serological test results, as well as those exhibiting
clinical signs typical of brucellosis (such as musculoskeletal disorders, neurological
impairments, hearing or vision loss, inflammation of the genitourinary system), must
undergo thorough medical examination by relevant specialists (infectious disease
specialist, neurologist, gynecologist, urologist, surgeon, etc.).
Individuals with no clinical symptoms but with positive or questionable
serological test results are classified into a “positive serological group” and must be
dynamically monitored twice per year by an infectious disease specialist. Blood serum
must be tested in the laboratory for brucellosis, and consultations with other
specialists are conducted as necessary based on identified pathology.
Confirmation or clarification of diagnosis is performed by an infectious disease
specialist in an infectious disease hospital (department or clinic).
Livestock workers are screened 1–2 months after the mass mating and birthing
season (typically in the second quarter), while workers in processing enterprises are
examined 1–2 months after the completion of mass animal slaughter (not later than
the third quarter).
Individuals temporarily engaged in livestock care or processing of animal
products and raw materials are screened 1–2 months after the completion of seasonal
work.
Control over the complete coverage of these contingents is carried out by the
sanitary-epidemiological service.
During scheduled medical examinations and laboratory testing, broad sanitary-
educational efforts are conducted among the serviced contingents.
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