https://biti.uz/konferensiya/konferensiya2025/index.html
21 апреля 2025 г.
137
THE ROLE OF TEACHING PROPER INSULIN INJECTION
TECHNIQUES IN MAINTAINING GLYCEMIC CONTROL
Bazarova Sitora Tashpulatovna
Assistant at the Department of Clinical and
PreclinicalSubjects
Bukhara University of Innovative Education
andMedicine
Abstract
: Insulin therapy is an integral part of therapy for many patients
with diabetes mellitus (DM). All patients with type 1 diabetes (DM1) are on
insulin therapy for life, in Uzbekistan up to 20% of patients with type 2 diabetes
(DM2) use insulin to maintain glycemic control. Insulin analogues are widely
prescribed, which have a number of advantages over traditional forms of insulin,
and their administration schemes are being improved every year. However, not all
patients with DIABETES achieve effective glycemic control. Thus, according to a
study conducted in the Buxara region, less than 20% of patients with DM2 on
insulin therapy have target HbA1c values. It is known that the education of
patients with diabetes plays an important role in the management of diabetes . In
turn, an important component of the training is explaining the correct technique of
insulin injections.
Insulin has been the most effective treatment in controlling hyperglycemia
among patients with diabetes for over the past 90 years. It is given
subcutaneously, either through an insulin pump or via multiple daily insulin
injection devices. All proper insulin administration techniques should be applied
to achieve the desired outcomes from insulin therapy. Several studies showed that
the greatest benefit from insulin treatment is achieved by correcting insulin
injection techniques
Keywords:
diabetes mellitus, glycemic control, technique of insulin
injections, basal insulin, prandial insulin, HbA1c, pregnant, bruising.
https://biti.uz/konferensiya/konferensiya2025/index.html
21 апреля 2025 г.
138
The purpose of research
: to study the effect of learning the correct injection
technique on glycemic control in DM patients compared with the control group.
Materials and methods
: a post-marketing, open-label, controlled,
comparative clinical trial with an active follow-up period of 6 months. The study
included patients with DM1 and DM2, aged 16 to 65 years, who received multiple
injections of insulin using a pen, prescribed for at least 3 months. prior to
inclusion, those who have signed informed consent, have no skin infection at the
injection sites, and are not pregnant. 116 patients were divided into 3 groups:
structured injection technique training and provision of 4 mm needles (group 1) -
43 people, injection technique training (group 2) - 35 patients, control (group 3) -
38 people. 3 clinical visits and 4 telephone contacts were conducted. The analysis
was performed using the statistical program SPSS, 19.
Results
: baseline characteristics for groups 1, 2, and 3: average age
51,3+13,3, 53+12,6, 54,3+13; duration of SD 9,8+7, 8,8+7, 8,3+5,4, BMI
30,4+?,6, 32,6+6,5, 31,9+7,5; HbA1c 8,7+1,5, 8.5+1.7, 8.9+2.1. The decrease in
HbA1c in group 1 was 1%(-1.3:-0.6) p less than 0.0001, in group 2 - 1% (-1,4: -
0,7) p less than 0.0001, in the group 3 - 0,2%(-1,2:1,6), p=0.7. The dose of basal
and prandial insulin increased in all observation groups: in group 1 by 3.4
(0.6:1.26) and 3.3 (1:5.6), in group 2 by 3.4 units (1.9:4.8) p less than 0.0001 and
3 (1.4:4.5), in group 3 by 3.2(0.8:4.5) and 3.5(0.7:5.1). The proportion of patients
with HbA1c less than 9% decreased from 39.3% to 9.3% in group 1, from 34.2%
to 8.6% in group 2, and there was no improvement in group 3. In group 1, all
patients used the needle once. In group 2, the frequency of needle reuse (2-5 times
one needle) decreased from 34% to 17%, the use of 6 or more times - from 66% to
0. There were no changes in the frequency of needle reuse in group 3.
Conclusions
: training in proper insulin injection techniques improved
glycemic control (HbA1c levels decreased by 1% in groups 1 and 2). The use of
short 4 mm needles led to a reduction in the pain of insulin injections, bruising,
and needle reuse.
It is recommended to keep the insulin needle under the skin for
