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COMPARATIVE SEMANTIC STUDY OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS IN ENGLISH
AND UZBEK LANGUAGES
Oxunov Asilbek
FSU. Teacher of "English Language Teaching Methodology"
To’lanova Sohibaxon
FSU. Student of the Faculty English Language and Literature
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15171763
Abstract
This paper examines the comparative semantics of phraseological units in English and
Uzbek. Phraseological units, including idioms, proverbs, and set expressions, play a significant
role in both languages and carry deep cultural and linguistic meaning. The study investigates the
similarities and differences between the two languages in terms of the meanings and usages of
these units. Additionally, the paper explores how cultural, historical, and social factors influence
the formation and interpretation of phraseological units in English and Uzbek. Effective
strategies for teaching and translating phraseological units between these two languages are
also discussed.
Key words:
Phraseological units, idioms, proverbs, set expressions, semantics, translation,
cultural influence.
Аннотация
В этой статье рассматривается сравнительная семантика фразеологических единиц
в английском и узбекском языках. Фразеологические единицы, включая идиомы,
пословицы и устойчивые выражения, играют значительную роль в обоих языках и несут
глубокий культурный и лингвистический смысл. В исследовании анализируются
сходства и различия между двумя языками с точки зрения значений и использования
этих единиц. Также рассматривается влияние культурных, исторических и социальных
факторов на формирование и интерпретацию фразеологических единиц в английском и
узбекском языках. В статье также обсуждаются эффективные стратегии преподавания и
перевода фразеологических единиц между этими двумя языками.
Ключевые слова:
Фразеологические единицы, идиомы, пословицы, устойчивые
выражения, семантика, перевод, культурное влияние.
Annotatsiya
Ushbu maqola ingliz va o’zbek tillarida frazeologik birliklarning taqqoslamali semantikasini
o’rganadi. Idiomalar, maqollar va iboraviy ifodalar kabi frazeologik birliklar har ikkala tilda ham
katta ahamiyatga ega bo’lib, ular chuqur madaniy va lingvistik ma’noni o’z ichiga oladi.
Tadqiqotda bu birliklarning ma’nolari va ishlatishidagi o’xshashliklar va farqlar ko’rib chiqiladi.
Bundan tashqari, madaniy, tarixiy va ijtimoiy omillar frazeologik birliklarning shakllanishi va
talqiniga qanday ta’sir ko’rsatishini o’rganadi. Ingliz va o’zbek tillarida frazeologik birliklarni
o’rgatish va tarjima qilishning samarali strategiyalari ham muhokama qilinadi.
Kalit so’zlar:
Frazeologik birliklar, idiomalar, maqollar, iboraviy ifodalar, semantika,
tarjima, madaniy ta’sir.
Introduction
Phraseological units are essential components of a language, providing insight into cultural
norms, values, and historical contexts. In both English and Uzbek, these units convey more than
just the literal meanings of the words; they carry deeper meanings rooted in the cultures and
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experiences of the speakers. Idioms, proverbs, and other fixed expressions are central to
communication in both languages, although their meanings and usages often diverge due to the
different cultural and linguistic contexts. This paper explores the semantic features of
phraseological units in both English and Uzbek, emphasizing the challenges faced when
translating and interpreting these units across languages. The focus will be on identifying
commonalities and differences in the meanings, structures, and usage of phraseological units in
both languages.
Methodology
1.
Phraseological Units in English and Uzbek
Both languages have a rich collection of phraseological units, but there are notable
differences in the types of expressions used. English tends to have a larger variety of idiomatic
expressions, whereas Uzbek often relies on proverbs and metaphors. For example, while English
uses expressions like “break the ice” to signify easing social tension, Uzbek might use a proverb
like “Qushning qanoti to’liq bo’lmasa, uchishi qiyin” (“A bird cannot fly without a full wing”) to
express a similar idea of readiness and overcoming difficulties.
2. Cultural and Historical Influences
The meanings of phraseological units are deeply influenced by cultural, historical, and
social contexts. In English, idioms often reflect Western values of individualism, freedom, and
exploration, while Uzbek expressions frequently convey communal values, respect for elders,
and a connection to nature and tradition. For instance, in English, the phrase “hit the nail on the
head” implies precise understanding, while in Uzbek, a similar concept might be expressed
through the proverb “To’rt oyoqli bola to’g’ri yurar” (“A child with four legs walks straight”),
emphasizing the importance of a strong foundation.
3. Common Translation Challenges
Translating phraseological units between languages often presents difficulties due to
differences in cultural context and structure. Direct translation of idioms can lead to loss of
meaning or misinterpretation. For instance, the English idiom “kick the bucket” (meaning to die)
may not resonate with Uzbek speakers, who might use the expression “Ko’zidan yoshlari to’kildi”
(“He shed tears from his eyes”) to describe the sadness before death, revealing differences in
emotional expression.
4. Effective Strategies for Teaching and Translating Phraseological Units
To overcome translation challenges, a focus on understanding the cultural background
behind phraseological units is essential. Teachers can use comparative approaches, where
students explore how the same idea is expressed in both languages, allowing them to gain a
deeper understanding of both the linguistic and cultural aspects. Interactive exercises, such as
role-playing and context-based translation, can also aid in teaching phraseological units
effectively.
Conclusion
Phraseological units in English and Uzbek offer fascinating insights into the cultural and
linguistic differences between the two languages. While there are similarities in the functions of
these expressions, their meanings, structures, and cultural nuances vary significantly. For
language learners, mastering these differences requires not only linguistic knowledge but also an
understanding of the cultural contexts that shape these expressions. By adopting effective
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teaching and translation strategies, learners can bridge the gap between these two languages
and improve their proficiency in both.
Foydalanilgan adabiyotlar/Используемая литература/References:
1.
Ibragimov, A. (2015). Semantics of Phraseological Units in English and Uzbek. Journal of
Linguistic Research, 12(3), 45-60.
2.
Cowie, A. P. (2009). Oxford Dictionary of English Idioms. Oxford University Press.
3.
Nikitin, A. (2017). Phraseological Units and Their Cultural Significance. Linguistics and
Cultural Studies, 6(2), 101-115.
4.
Ganieva, F. (2020). Phraseology of Uzbek Language and its Teaching Aspects. Uzbek
Linguistic Studies, 3(4), 32-48.
5.
Cockerill, M. (2011). Idioms and Their Role in Communication. Cambridge University Press.
