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CHARACTERISTIC ASPECTS OF STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN
BRAIN NEURONS IN CHRONIC ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE
Xasanov F. Sh., Jumanov Z.E.
Samarkand State Medical University, Uzbekistan
Relevance.
Coronary heart disease is one of the most pressing problems facing medicine
worldwide today. Despite modern achievements in the prevention and treatment of
cardiovascular diseases, coronary heart disease still occupies one of the leading positions. In
developed countries, deaths from this disease account for 1/3 of all deaths. More than 1 million
people die from this disease every year . Changes in brain structures in chronic coronary heart
disease remain one of the pressing problems facing medicine, which has not been fully
elucidated to this day and is awaiting a solution.
Research objective:
Determination of structural changes in brain neurons in chronic
ischemic heart disease .
Materials and methods:
tissue fragments from the brains of 28 patients admitted to the
multidisciplinary clinic of the Samaraqand State Medical University were studied in the
department of pathological anatomy. When assessing the morphological and morphometric
changes of brain neuron structures in relation to chronic ischemic heart disease, anamnestic,
macroscopic, microscopic, morphometric and statistical research methods were carried out.
Results and discussion:
The results of the research conducted show that,
In patients who
died of chronic ischemic heart disease, ischemic-type changes are observed in neurons in the
superficial layers of the cerebral cortex. The nuclei of these cells are visible in the image with
a pyknotic and eccentric arrangement. We can see that the axons of neurons are thin and long,
extending to a considerable distance from the neuron div. i.e. they can be seen at a very long
distance from the cell div. In the deep layers of the cerebral cortex, neurons with hydropic
dystrophy are found. The development of narrow pericellular spaces around many neurons and
gliocytes is noted. In some areas of the visual field, the pericellular space around neurons in
the cerebral cortex is enlarged. In this area, most neurons are round in shape and are in a state
of hyperchromasia. The nucleus of some neurons is not detected in the field of vision due to
the advanced process of karyolysis. The illumination of the neuropil is determined. In these
areas, the number of gliocytes is markedly reduced. In patients who died from chronic ischemic
heart disease, karyocytolysis is detected against the background of the development of
hydropic dystrophy in the cytoplasm of neurons in the deep layers of the cortex of the cerebral
hemispheres. The expansion of the pericellular space around many neurons is noted.
Dystrophic changes of neurons are detected in some drugs, and the number of glocytes is
reduced. It is observed that the illumination of the neuropil is increased.
Conclusion:
Thus, in chronic ischemic heart disease, ischemic and dystrophic changes
develop in neurons in the cortex of the cerebral hemispheres. Also, varying degrees of
expansion of the pericellular space and lightening of the neuropil are noted. Such changes
should be taken into account in the prevention and treatment of chronic ischemic heart disease.
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