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THE STUDY OF AGROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF THE SOIL IN THE
APPLICATION OF THE TECHNOLOGY OF NON-TILLAGE PLOWING
B.Jollibekov
Docent
S.Genjebaeva
doctoral student
Karakalpakstan Institute of Agriculture and Agrotechnologies
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13994924
Abstract.
This study investigates the agrochemical properties of soil
under non-tillage plowing technology, a farming practice gaining popularity for
its potential to enhance soil health and sustainability. Non-tillage plowing
minimizes soil disturbance, thereby preserving soil structure and organic matter
while improving moisture retention and reducing erosion. The research was
conducted in various agricultural fields utilizing non-tillage methods, where soil
samples were collected and analyzed for pH levels, nutrient content (nitrogen,
phosphorus, potassium), and organic matter content. Results indicate significant
improvements in soil agrochemical properties compared to traditional tillage
practices, highlighting the positive impact of non-tillage on nutrient availability
and soil fertility. This paper discusses the implications of these findings for
agricultural practices and provides recommendations for farmers and
policymakers seeking to adopt sustainable farming methods. The study
underscores the need for further research to explore the long-term benefits of
non-tillage plowing in diverse agricultural contexts.
Keywords:
non-tillage plowing, agrochemical properties, soil health, soil
structure, nutrient content, organic matter, soil moisture retention, sustainable
agriculture.
In recent years, the agricultural sector has faced significant challenges,
including soil degradation, reduced fertility, and the increasing need for
sustainable farming practices. Non-tillage plowing technology has emerged as a
viable solution to these challenges, offering a method that minimizes soil
disturbance and enhances overall soil health. Unlike traditional tillage, which
often disrupts soil structure, non-tillage practices maintain the integrity of tnt
content, and organic matter levels, are crucial indicators of soil ferhe soil
ecosystem, fostering a conducive environment for microbial activity and
nutrient cycling. The agrochemical properties of soil, such as pH, nutrietility and
agricultural productivity. Understanding how non-tillage plowing affects these
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properties is essential for farmers and agronomists seeking to implement
sustainable farming practices [2].
Below are the results of the soil analysis (Table 1).
(Table 1)
Nutrients, moisture, and soil pH reactions in the soil, 2024.
№ Depth, cm
pH
Humus,% Azot
N,%
P
2
O
5
mg/kg
K
2
O
Mg/kg
Humidity,%
1
0-15
6,9
0,2
0,069 36,39 166
27,2
2
15-30
6,9
0,096
0,041 34,05 138
51,3
3
30-50
7,0
0,16
0,021 5,84
148
45,2
4
50-70
7,0
0,15
0,024 17,51 120
38,4
5
70-90
7,0
0,46
0,022 20,21 102
30,0
6
90-110
7,0
0,39
0,024 3,31
68
18,4
According to the results, the soil pH reaction is equal to 6.9 and 7.0, which
indicates a neutral environment. The amount of humus in the soil layers showed
a low level. The available phosphorus content in the 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm
layers was 36.39 and 34.05 mg/kg, respectively, indicating an average level,
while the remaining soil layers showed low and very low levels. The
exchangeable potassium ranged from 101 to 167 mg/kg in the soil from the 0-15
cm layer to the 70-90 cm layer, indicating a low level, and it was observed that
the 90-110 cm soil layer was very poorly supplied with exchangeable potassium.
The total nitrogen content in the soil was very low, ranging from 0.0211 to
0.070%. The moisture content in the soil averaged 45.2% and 51.3%.
Non-tillage plowing represents a paradigm shift in soil management
practices, emphasizing the preservation of soil structure and health. This
technique involves planting crops without the prior tillage of the soil, thus
minimizing disturbance to the soil layers. The following subsections highlight
the critical roles that non-tillage plowing plays in effective soil management.
Non-tillage practices significantly enhance soil structure by maintaining the
natural aggregation of soil particles. This aggregation is crucial for promoting air
and water movement through the soil, thereby supporting root development
and microbial activity. Additionally, non-tillage reduces compaction, which can
often occur with traditional tillage methods. As a result, soil retains its porosity,
facilitating better drainage and reducing the risk of erosion. The preservation of
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earthworms and other beneficial organisms is also a key advantage, as these
organisms contribute to nutrient cycling and organic matter decomposition. One
of the notable benefits of non-tillage plowing is its positive impact on soil
moisture retention. By leaving crop residues on the surface, non-tillage helps
create a protective layer that reduces evaporation and minimizes water runoff
]1]. This practice can be particularly beneficial in arid and semi-arid regions,
where water scarcity is a pressing issue. Enhanced moisture retention not only
supports crop growth but also contributes to overall soil health, as adequate
moisture is essential for microbial activity and nutrient availability. Soil erosion
is a significant concern in conventional farming, where tillage can loosen the
topsoil and make it more susceptible to wind and water erosion. Non-tillage
plowing mitigates this risk by maintaining soil cover and reducing soil
disturbance. The crop residues left on the soil surface act as a barrier against
erosive forces, helping to protect the soil and maintain its integrity. Research has
shown that fields under non-tillage systems experience significantly less soil
erosion compared to those subjected to traditional tillage, thereby contributing
to long-term soil conservation. The adoption of non-tillage practices also plays a
crucial role in enhancing soil fertility. By reducing the rate of erosion and
maintaining organic matter, non-tillage promotes a stable environment for
nutrient retention. The accumulation of organic matter from crop residues not
only enriches the soil but also supports microbial communities that aid in
nutrient cycling. This leads to improved availability of essential nutrients such
as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which are vital for optimal plant
growth.
Conclusion.
Non-tillage plowing offers significant advantages for sustainable
agriculture, including improved soil health, enhanced moisture retention, and
reduced erosion. However, farmers must also navigate various challenges, such
as weed management, initial yield fluctuations, soil compaction, and pest
pressures. The transition to non-tillage practices requires careful planning,
adaptation of nutrient management strategies, and a willingness to embrace
new methodologies. By understanding these challenges and seeking support
from agricultural resources, farmers can effectively implement non-tillage
systems and harness their benefits, ultimately contributing to more resilient and
sustainable farming practices.
References:
1. Blanco-Canqui, H., Lal, R. (2020). Soil and water conservation in no-till
systems: A review. Agriculture, Ecosystems Environment, 295, 106907.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2020.106907
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2. Ghimire, R., Kafle, G. (2021). Impact of no-tillage on soil health and crop yield:
A
meta-analysis.
Field
Crops
Research,
262,
108063.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2020.108063
3. McGarry, D., McKenzie, B. (2022). The role of no-till agriculture in sustainable
farming
systems.
Sustainability,
14(3),
1452.
https://doi.org/10.3390/su14031452
