Том 3 № 41 (2024): Академические исследования в современной науке

Investment accounting is a crucial foundation for economic development. The role of investments is particularly significant in ensuring the economic growth and stability of Uzbekistan. This article analyzes the key concepts of investment accounting and its place in the economy of Uzbekistan.

A hypertensive crisis is a sudden and significant increase in blood pressure to critical levels, which may be accompanied by target organ damage, such as the heart, brain, and kidneys. In such situations, the timely use of antihypertensive agents is vital.

At the same time, the diagnosis of spondylodiscitis is difficult and often occurs with a significant delay after the appearance of the first symptoms, which is due to the rarity of the disease, the non-specificity of its manifestations , and therefore the lack of disease . awareness of doctors on issues of infectious lesions of the spine. The current problem with determining the etiology of the disease leads to irrational antibiotic therapy, long-term treatment and increased costs. Surgical treatment of spondylodiscitis is delayed due to the lack of strict guidelines. Key words: spondylodiscitis , infection, diagnosis, biopsy, treatment, surgery.

This study investigates the agrochemical properties of soil under non-tillage plowing technology, a farming practice gaining popularity for its potential to enhance soil health and sustainability. Non-tillage plowing minimizes soil disturbance, thereby preserving soil structure and organic matter while improving moisture retention and reducing erosion. The research was conducted in various agricultural fields utilizing non-tillage methods, where soil samples were collected and analyzed for pH levels, nutrient content (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium), and organic matter content. Results indicate significant improvements in soil agrochemical properties compared to traditional tillage practices, highlighting the positive impact of non-tillage on nutrient availability and soil fertility. This paper discusses the implications of these findings for agricultural practices and provides recommendations for farmers and policymakers seeking to adopt sustainable farming methods. The study underscores the need for further research to explore the long-term benefits of non-tillage plowing in diverse agricultural contexts.

Frazeologizmlarning semantic, kommunikativ-pragmatik, lingvomadaniy jihatlari ko`plab tilshunoslar tomonidan atroflicha o`rganib chiqilgan. Biroq, ularning semantikasida vujudga keluvchi gradatsiya jarayoni haqida yetarli izlanishlar mavjud emas. Shuning uchun ham maqola muallifi ushbu mavzuga qo`l urdi va tadqiqot natijalarini taqdim etdi.

Korpus lingvistikasi - bu tabiiy ravishda uchraydigan og'zaki va yozma matnlarning katta, elektron to'plamlaridan foydalanish orqali tildan foydalanishning kompyuterga asoslangan empirik tahlillarini (ham miqdoriy, ham sifat) o'z ichiga olgan metodologiya. Korpus lingvistikasi tillarning tabiati, tuzilishi va qoʻllanilishini tavsiflovchi dalil manbai sifatida ogʻzaki va yozma matnlar toʻplamini toʻplash va tahlil qilishni oʻz ichiga oladi. Hozirgi korpus lingvistikasi tilning barcha darajalarini, jumladan, fonologiya, leksika, grammatika va nutqni o‘rganuvchi, lingvistik tavsif uchun empirik asos sifatida matnlardan foydalanishning uzoq an’analaridan kelib chiqdi. Graeme Kennedy lingvistik tadqiqotlarda korpusdan foydalanishning rivojlanishiga oid tadqiqotlar olib borgan.

В статье рассматривается тематика произведений писателя, также своеобразное видение темы «ребенка» в произведениях писателя.

The article examines psychological changes in university students when the language being studied becomes a means of instruction. Pedagogical conditions for productive and effective study of a foreign language by students at a university are determined, and aspects of solving this issue are identified.

The article analyzes the participation of young people of New Uzbekistan in political processes. The author has shown that young people have a special status not only as an important subject in the life of society and the country, but also in political processes. The article made several proposals to strengthen the position of youth in political processes based on international experience.

According to various authors, 10-15% of married couples suffer from infertility, 40-45% of which are due to the female factor. At the same time, the most common causes of infertility in women are tubo- peritoneal (40-50%), ovulatory dysfunction (30-40%) and uterine factors (15-20%).

This article analyzes the religious and enlightenment-philosophical views of the great thinker Alisher Navoi on the intangible being in the philosophical heritage. In particular, the main problem of philosophy is the description of the properties of the intangible world, the soul, soul, mind, heart, memory, fire, air, and other sources in the interpretation of the thinker.

Эндометриальное бесплодие действительно является одной из наиболее распространенных причин бесплодия у женщин. Оно связано с различными нарушениями в состоянии эндометрия, которые могут мешать имплантации эмбриона и нормальному течению беременности.

In this article the concept of “innovation” from the point of view of technological approach is considered. Within the framework of this article a complex author's research of the problem of technical equipment of classrooms in domestic schools is carried out, a qualitatively new strategy of equipping school classrooms with technical equipment that meets the requirements of the new generation is developed.

The article considers a new approach to the socialization and rehabilitation of citizens who have fallen under the influence of destructive ideologies of state policy implemented in our country, based on the experience of the Republic of Uzbekistan in combating extremism and terrorism.

The integration of technology in the classroom has fundamentally reshaped educational practices, presenting both significant opportunities and notable challenges. This paper explores the impact of technological tools on student engagement, resource accessibility, personalized learning, and collaborative efforts among students. It also addresses the critical challenges, including the digital divide, potential distractions, the necessity for teacher training, concerns over screen time, and issues related to cybersecurity and privacy. By examining these dynamics, this discussion underscores the importance of a balanced approach to technology in education, aiming for equitable access and effective implementation to enhance learning outcomes.

Mazkur maqolada еksреrimеntal masalalarga tizimli tahlil asosida yondashuv imkoniyatlari tahliliy bayon etilgan. Unda eksреrimеntal masalalarga muammoli vaziyatning modеli sifatida yondashuvga oid oʻziga xos jihatlarini yoritishga urgʻu berilib, ularga e’tibor qaratish didaktik maqsadga erishishda ahamiyatli ekanligi asoslangan.

Ushbu maqolada, Muxtor Avezov, Qozoq adabiyotiga qo‘shgan hissasi, uning so'zlari, o'zi o'zining adibiyotining chuqurliklari va ushbu adabiyot siyosatini chuqur tajriba qilishi faqida fikr yuritilgan.

Dunyo adabiyotshunosligida lirika va lirik keshinmaning kitobxon dunyoqarashini kengaytirishdagi ahamiyatini, poetik xususiyatlarini maxsus o‘rganish natijasida boy tajriba to‘plangan. Shu boisdan bugungi kun talabi asosida milliy badiiy meroslarimizni, shu jumladan, hozirgi qoraqalpoq nazmida lirik kechinmalar mohiyatini, uning motivlarda tasvirlanishini, poetik obraz orqali berilish xususiyatlarini dunyo adabiyotshunosligining ilmiy-nazariy konsepsiyalari asosida o‘rganish, uning yangi qirralarini ochib berish, shoirlarning lirik kechinmalarni tasvirlashdagi mahoratini aniqlash, shuningdek, tuyg‘u va fikrning tahlili to‘g‘risida shakllangan g‘oya va tajribalarni ma’lum darajada boyitib borish dolzarb vazifalardan hisoblanadi.

O‘zbekiston mustaqillikka erishgandan so‘ng fan va ta’lim sohasiga e’tibor kuchaydi. Xususan, tilshunosligimizdagi tadqiqoti hali yakuniga yetmagan mavzular yoritila boshladi. . Aynan, frazeologiya sohasida qancha tadqiqotlar amalga oshirilsa ham hali poyoniga yetganicha yo‘q.

В статье рассматривается значение АBА-терапии (прикладного анализа поведения) в процессе социализации учащихся с аутистическим спектром. Аутизм, являясь нейроразвивающим расстройством, часто сопровождается трудностями в межличностном взаимодействии и адаптации к социальным нормам. АBА-терапия, основанная на научных принципах анализа поведения, предлагает эффективные методы для развития социальных навыков и улучшения качества жизни таких учащихся. В статье анализируются основные принципы и методы АBА-терапии, а также ее влияние на формирование социальных навыков, необходимых для успешной интеграции в общество. Рассматриваются практические аспекты применения АBА-терапии в образовательных учреждениях, подчеркивается роль учителей и специалистов в этом процессе.

Мазкур ишда Ўзбекистонда коррупцияга қарши курашишда гендер омилларининг аҳамияти ва таъсири таҳлил қилинган. Ишда коррупция ва гендер тенглиги ўртасидаги ўзаро боғлиқлик, давлат ва хусусий сектордаги коррупцион ҳолатлар, шунингдек, халқаро стандартлар ва тадқиқотлар натижалари ўрганилган. Гендер тенглигининг коррупция даражасига таъсири ва унинг инсон ҳуқуқлари билан боғлиқлиги муҳокама қилинган.

This article explores the application of GRID technologies—a form of distributed computing that enhances efficiency and collaboration in data analysis—in the visualization of geoinformation data related to the Aral Sea. By leveraging GRID technologies, researchers can efficiently process and visualize large datasets from remote sensing and environmental monitoring, thereby gaining critical insights into ecological changes, water quality, and resource management. The article reviews existing applications of GRID technologies in the Aral Sea region, discusses the challenges faced in their implementation, and highlights potential future innovations, including the integration of machine learning techniques. Ultimately, this article underscores the importance of advanced data visualization in fostering informed decision-making and collaborative efforts aimed at addressing the ongoing challenges faced by the Aral Sea and its ecosystem.

Neft-kimyo sanoati uchun polimerizatsiya jarayonlarining samarali ingibitorlarining yangi manbai - yog'och va boshqa o'simlik materiallaridan ajratilgan polifenollar taklif qilindi.  Chunki o'simlik polifenoli va samarali antioksidant - yuqori antiradikal faollikka ega, sanoat neft-kimyo jarayonlarida antipolimerizatorlar sifatida ishlatiladigan birikmalardandir. So'nggi yillarda ingibitorlar  bozorida  nitroksil radikallarini (NR ) o'z ichiga olgan kompozitsiyalar namunalari tavsiya qilinib kelinardi. Bu nisbatan arzon, ammo NR ning faol radikal turlari bilan o'zaro ta'sir qilish mexanizmi texnologik yechimlar juda noaniq va qo'shimcha tadqiqotlarni talab qiladi. Biroq, qat'iy ekologik talablar tufayli, yuqori samaradorligi va nisbatan arzon narxiga qaramay fraksiyalash orqali olingan ingibitorlar ko'mirni termal qayta ishlashning texnogen fenolik fraktsiyalari o'z mavqeini deyarli yo'qotdi.

A review of the main areas of digital transformation that a business that wants to remain competitive cannot ignore.

Bu maqolada Sahna harakati fanidan kerakli ma’lumotlar mujassam bo‘lib, sahna harakati va jangi to‘risida kerakli ma’lumotlarni olib o‘rganishimiz mumkin. Harakat-bu hayot bo‘lib, unda insonning tug‘ulishidan to qarilikkacha bo‘lgan xatti-harakatlarini ro‘yobga chiqaradi. Harakat madaniyati odam jismini tartibga solidi. Organizimning funksional ishlash tartibiy holatiga,texnikasiga va asab tizimiga ijobiy ta’sir ko‘rsatadi. Iroda va diqqatini tartibga solidi v axis tuyg‘ularini mukammalashtiradi.

Mazkur maqolada zamonaviy jamiyat uchun bo‘lajak mutaxassislarning liderlik qobiliyatini egallash zaruriyati va liderlik qobiliyatini tarkibiy qismlari, rivojlantirish usullari haqida fikr yurutilgan. Shuningdek, talabalarda liderlik qobiliyatini rivojlantirish asosida ularning  kasbiy kompetensiyasini o‘stirishdasi muhim jihatlar xususida atroflicha mulohazalar bayon etilgan.

Инсоният  эркинлик деганда ижтимоий-аҳлоқий тамойилларига мос ва инсон ҳуқуқларини таъминлаш даражасини англатувчи ҳодиса тушунилади. Сабаб шахс эркинлигига ўз ҳaёти ва фаолиятини амалга ошириши, озод шахс сифатида меҳнат қилиши, билим олиш, ўзи истаган касб, ҳунарни, диний эьтиқод ва бошқаларни ихтиёрий танлаши хос бўлади. Ўз навбатида шахс эркинлигининг таркибий қисмлари  унинг дахлсизлиги, қадр-қиммати, диний эътиқод, виждон, сўз, ижод эркинлиги, хусусий мулкка эгалик ҳуқуқи ва бошқаларни келтириш мумкин.

Ushbu maqolada hozirgi kunda iqtisodiy tizimga jadal sur’atlar bilan ta’sir etib kelayotgan innovatsiya tushunchasi va bunga yondosh tarzda moliaviy innovatsiyaning kelib chiqishi va ularning banklarning transformatsiyalshuvi jarayonidagi me’yoriy–huquqiy hujjatlarning zarurligi, mavjudlarini takomillashtirish borasida ma’lumotlar o’rganilgan. Xorijiy olimlar fikri alohida keltirilgan va bunga qo‘shimcha tarzda innovatsiya, moliyaviy innovatsiyalarga oid qo‘shimcha takliflar berilgan.

This article is about inclusive education, inclusive classrooms value all students as capable learners and contributors to society. It focuses on understanding their differences, appreciating their individual similarities and differences, and thus reading and learning.

The  article  deals  with  the the problem of the symbol is the field of philosophical knowledge, the intersection of various points of view, philosophical positions, views. Symbolization is one of the most important ways for any artist-thinker to comprehend reality. In the process of working on a work, the author seeks to express the essential depths of the phenomena of reality reproduced by him, those depths that are obviously inaccessible to direct sensory perception and can be "captured" by the subject of perception only indirectly, through a kind of semantic analogy and through the corresponding emotional experiences.

This article discusses the important principles of physical education and the theory and methodology of physical education.

Ушбу мақолада инсон ҳуқуқларининг назарий асослари, уларнинг моҳияти ва амалий татбиқи атрофлича таҳлил қилинган. Мақолада инсон ҳуқуқларини таъминлаш ва амалга оширишда давлат ва шахс ўртасидаги мувозанатни сақлаш зарурлигига алоҳида эътибор қаратилган. Шу билан бирга, инсон ҳуқуқларининг ажралмаслиги, шубҳасизлиги ва уларни амалда татбиқ этиш шартлари тадқиқ этилган. Ҳуқуқлардан фойдаланишнинг муваффақияти фақат қонунчиликка эмас, балки шахснинг фаол иштирокига ҳам боғлиқ эканлиги таъкидланади.

This article explores effective strategies to increase student social engagement by shaping educational activities within the school system. The authors emphasize the significance of fostering positive, stable motivation among students as part of the educational process, which not only enhances individual academic performance but also supports the broader socio-educational goals set by national initiatives. This motivation is linked to socialization practices and group activities, allowing students to engage in meaningful educational experiences that promote self-awareness, autonomy, and the development of key social competencies.

Morphology  is  the study of  words. Morphemes are the minimal units  of  words  that have  a  meaning  and  can  not  be  subdivided  further.  There  are two  main types:  free  and bound.  Morpheme  is  article  includes  a  listof  references,  but  its  sources  remain  unclear because  it  has  insufficient.Therefore  the  researchers  conducted  the  research  about morpheme. The research  methode  that  was  used  is  decriptive  qualitative  method. To gain the  data  the researchers  used  literature  review in which  the data gained  from  dictionary.Every  morpheme  can  be  classified  as  either  free  or  bound.  Bound  morphemes  can  be further classified as derivational or inflectional. These categories are mutually exclusive, and as such, a given morpheme will belong to  exactly  one  of  them.  Free  morphemes  can  function  independently  as  words.  Bound morphemes  appear  only  as  part  us  of  words,  always  in  conjunction  with  a  root  and sometimes with other bound morphemes.

This article presents the results of field experiments on salt leaching and water-saving irrigation technology for cotton in the heavily saline, heavy loam soils of the long-irrigated alluvial meadows of Bukhara region. The study evaluates salt balance, with results showing that salt content decreased by 3.3 t ha^-1 in the second variant and by 7 t ha^-1 in the third variant compared to the control.

This article examines the impact of blockchain technology on the digital economy and foreign trade strategies. The role of Blockchain technology in improving security, transparency and efficiency is analyzed. The article provides information on the applications of blockchain in e-commerce, supply chain and international trade, as well as future trends. Also highlighted are the advantages of blockchain technology in strengthening new commercial models, risk management and international cooperation.

This thesis explores the pivotal role of auditor ethics in ensuring financial stability, with a specific focus on their implications for the banking sector. It outlines the ethical responsibilities of auditors, emphasizing their importance in maintaining transparency and accountability within financial reporting. The research investigates the relationship between ethical lapses and bank failures, revealing how breaches in ethical conduct have historically led to significant financial disruptions. Furthermore, it analyzes the regulatory frameworks that govern auditor ethics, both internationally and in Uzbekistan, assessing their effectiveness in upholding ethical standards. Ultimately, the findings underscore the critical necessity of ethical conduct in the auditing profession to safeguard financial integrity and foster public trust in the financial system.

The paper considers the need to optimize programs for the prevention and early diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in the framework of the state health strategy. Diabetes mellitus, especially type 2, is one of the most common endocrine diseases, whose epidemic in recent years has covered an increasing number of the population. Despite the existing state programs, their adaptation and improvement are required for effective detection and prevention of diabetes among various population groups, especially among high-riskones. The paper analyzes existing approaches to diabetes prevention and early detection of risk factors, suggesting an improvement strategy based on digital tools, interagency collaboration, and individualized programs for high-risk groups.

The study focuses on the impact of regular physical activity on reducing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes among individuals with prediabetes. Given the increasing incidence of diabetes, it is important to investigate how physical activity can help improve health outcomes in individuals with prediabetesby preventing the development of the disease. The paper presents data on the effect of various types of physical activity on blood glucose levels, insulin sensitivity, and body weight. The results confirm that regular exercise reduces the risk of developing prediabetes into type 2 diabetes and improves health outcomes.

The study analyzes the role of physical activity as a method of prevention and risk management in type 2 diabetes mellitus. In the context of a global increase in the incidence of diabetes, approaches aimed at reducing insulin resistance and improving metabolic parameters are becoming particularly important. The study covers state-of-the-art programs that focus on physical activity as a means of controlling diabetes, including aerobic, strength-training, and combination exercises. The results confirm the effectiveness of regular physical activity in reducing glucose levels and body weight, which helps to control the disease and reduce the risk of complications in patients with diabetes.

Air pollution from volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and particulate matter (PM2.5) presents a complex environmental challenge shaped by multiple pollutants. Despite concerted efforts in the last twenty years, air quality continues to pose serious risks to both human health and environmental stability. Exposure to VOCs and PM2.5 indoors can lead to significant health issues, including respiratory illnesses, leukemia, birth defects, and miscarriages. Therefore, advancing indoor air purification technologies is essential to reduce these harmful effects. This article examines the latest trends, innovations, and potential future developments in indoor air purification methods.