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STUDY OF EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT ISSUES IN UZBEKISTAN
PSYCHOLOGY
Ergasheva Sayyora
Senior Lecturer, Department of Psychology, Karshi State University,
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Psychology.
Karshi, Uzbekistan.
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15623473
In recent years, a number of fundamental reforms have been implemented
in the field of educational institution management in our republic, and the
necessary legal and regulatory frameworks have been created. Ensuring the
effectiveness of the fundamental changes and reforms being implemented to
build a new Uzbekistan and the foundation of the Third Renaissance depends on
the introduction of effective mechanisms for managing the public education
system. Today, progress requires a modern leader to keep pace with the times,
not be afraid of innovations, quickly accept news and information, process and
use it in their place, strive to create new ideas and turn them into tangible
products, and implement foreign best practices and innovative technologies in
their pedagogical team. It is advisable for the head of an educational institution
to demonstrate a thirst for new and modern, worldly knowledge and ideas, to
try to creatively approach life problems, to develop specific projects, to test
innovations and summarize their effectiveness, and to strive to continuously
improve the skills of himself and his subordinates. The fulfillment of these tasks
requires professionalism, high-level knowledge of his field, initiative,
resourcefulness, inquisitiveness, a desire for innovation, and organizational
skills from each head of an educational institution.
In his reports at a joint session of the Legislative Chamber and Senate of the
Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the President of the Republic of
Uzbekistan, Sh.M. Mirziyoyev, emphasized the importance of transitioning to a
modern management system for the effective organization of the activities of
heads of sectors and regions, and set important tasks for representatives of the
industry and scientists of our republic. That is why today the issues of
management and leadership psychology remain one of the areas that are being
effectively studied by Uzbek scientists, especially in the psychological direction.
We can clearly see this in the scientific research carried out by B.A.Abdullayev,
Sh.Kh.Abdullaeva, D.S.Abdullajanova, K.S.Aliyeva, N.Boimurodov, E.S.Yoziev,
X.A.Kadirova, N.T.Kariyeva, V.M.Karimova, I.I.Makhmudov, A.M.Makhmudov,
D.G.Mukhamedova, A.S.Nazarov, N.A.Ruzikulov, E.N.Sattarov, O.R.Shamiyeva,
A.M.Shonazarov, O.E.Hayitov, E.G.Goziev and others. We found it necessary to
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dwell in more detail on a number of scientific research works carried out by
leading psychological scientists below.
D.G.Mukhamedova's doctoral dissertation entitled "Improving socio-
psychological technologies for training educational managers for innovative
activities" studies the socio-psychological aspects of the process of training
educational managers for innovative activities in higher educational institutions.
This work is notable for the fact that it clarifies the factors that negatively affect
the innovative activities of educational managers, the criteria for evaluating this
activity, and reveals the methodological and methodological aspects of training
educational managers for innovative activities. In his research, the author
describes the basics of the educational manager training program for innovative
activities of higher education institutions and highlights the following principles:
1) the principle of humanism; 2) the principle of democratization; 3) the
principle of scientificity; 4) the principle of coherence, continuity and
integration; 5) the principle of individualization; 6) the principle of improving
and directing the training of educational managers for innovative activities; 7)
the principle of innovation; 8) the principle of interactivity; 9) the principle of
varying the content and form of training [3; 20].
The dissertation by D.S. Abdullajanova on the topic "Socio-psychological
characteristics of women's activity in management" is devoted to the scientific
substantiation of the practical importance of forming a personnel reserve in the
selection and appointment of women to management positions, increasing the
efficiency of their use in the service, and it identifies the socio-psychological
characteristics of women's activity in management. The study examined the
relationship between motivation to achieve success and specialization in
women's activity in management, the different effects of different levels of
motivation and motivation to avoid failure on activity, the impact of leadership
types on risk-taking in women, and the manifestation of a number of
psychological aspects. It is noteworthy that the dissertation work developed a
training program aimed at increasing women's activity in management, forming
a female personnel reserve, and developing communication skills [1; 48].
N.A. Ruzikulov's scientific research is devoted to the issues of psychological
support for improving the management activities of the head of a general
educational institution, in this work the specific difficulties of the management
process, the importance of psychological factors in increasing the efficiency of
management activities are revealed. The author found that the heads of
educational institutions are sufficiently self-confident, sociable, independent,
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they feel themselves as individuals. This category of leaders assess self-
development as a leading factor in their professional activities. It was found that
in the professional and personal development of the head of an educational
institution, his professional activities and the formation of his personality
determine each other [4; 18].
The Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) dissertation in psychology by A.M.
Makhmudov on the topic "Socio-psychological characteristics of the formation of
management skills in young leaders" is dedicated to the development of effective
mechanisms for identifying the specific features of the development and
formation of management skills in young leaders engaged in management
activities in various fields. The study analyzed the factors influencing the
formation and development of management skills in young leaders. It is worth
noting that a new approach to determining and studying the level of
development of management skills, according to which self-awareness of young
leaders is a leading stimulus for their further development, has been introduced
into the practice of psychological research on the study of leadership in the
republic. The fact that this study was conducted with the recognition of the
leadership competence in managerial activities and the identification of the
levels of expression of these competencies in young managers increases the
possibilities of applying this research work to the field of personnel resource
formation [2; 140].
The doctoral dissertation by O.E. Khayitov on the topic "Modeling the
psychological competence of middle-level managers of higher education
institutions" is devoted to the study of the system of individual-psychological,
age-, gender-, and profession-related socio-psychological qualities of the
formation of competencies in the process of modeling the psychological
competence of middle-level managers of higher education institutions. The
research work focuses on issues of competence and competence, based on the
analysis of various approaches, indicates levels of competence, and concludes
that the components that make up competence (knowledge set, skills,
communication standards) are the basis for the development of managerial,
personal and functional competencies in a leader. The dissertation empirically
studies the possibilities of modeling the psychological competence of a manager.
In the comprehensive model of developing psychological competence in a
middle manager, given by the author, 38 competencies are identified as priority
competencies [6; 250].
In the research of A.M. Shonazarov, it was found that “among the
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components of socio-psychological competence that are taken into account
when appointing school principals, the cognitive and social components have a
predominant character, the socio-psychological competence of a leader is most
often manifested in the ability to influence a person in interpersonal
relationships, and most of the factors that prevent the manifestation of the level
of socio-psychological competence of leaders are explained by external
influences. The scientific conclusion is that in developing the socio-psychological
competence of leaders working in the education system, a comprehensive and
continuous approach based on psychotechnologies to the development of its
affective, reflexive, and socio-cognitive components is effective” [5; 152].
Thus, the scientific research work carried out by our country's scientists
has shown that there are manifestations of a comprehensive approach to the
problem of management, that is, it has become clear that the scientific research
carried out can be generalized in a holistic manner in specific areas. It is
important that in their scientific research, issues of educational management,
including the training of highly qualified managerial personnel for the
continuous education system, the development of their professional
competencies, the optimization of the management system of educational
institutions, the preparation of future managers for professional management
activities, their selection and selection, were deeply studied as the object of
research work.
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