Chemistry

The aim of research work is to synthesize new compounds based on ferrocene and methylolurea, to identify their biostimulating activity for plants, to develop commodity codes for newly synthesized biostimulators based on chemical composition and to introduce them into practice.
The object of research work was ferrocene, monomethylolurea, dimethylolthiourea and their derivatives.
The scientific novelty of research work is as follows:
new biologically active compounds based on ferrocene and methylolurea as well as their derivatives were synthesized for the first time; the formation of the derivatives of p-ferrocenylphenol, m-ferrocenylbenzoic acid with methylolurea and methylene dicarene as a result of the diazotization reaction in various solvents has been proved;
chemical compositions and physical properties of biologically active substances containing derivatives of ferrocene and methylolurea are determined; The biological activity of synthesized compounds, their influence on the germination of cotton seeds, the growth and development of cotton and its yield have been proved.
Introduction of research results. Based on the scientific results of the study of synthesized biologically active compounds based on ferrocene and methylolurea:
in 2012-2016 years. In Andijan and Fergana provinces, the technology of using the ADUMAKH biostimulator synthesized on the basis of ferrocene and methylolurea has been introduced on a total area of 100 hectares (certificate of the Ministry of Agriculture and Water Resources of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated December 27, 2017 №07 / 23-1126). At the same time, from every hectare of the area treated with the biostimulator, an additional 3-5 centners of yield was obtained. According to the commodity nomenclature of foreign economic activity, a commodity code has been developed for ferrocene and its derivatives 2942 00 000 1, for nitrogencontaining ferrocene derivatives 2942 00 000 2 and introduced into the practice of the state customs service (certificate of the State Customs Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated Yanuar 06, 2018 №1/16-8). As a result, it became possible to classify biologically active compounds containing ferrocene and nitrogen.

The actuality and claiming of the theme of dissertation. Currently, the global diversification of oil and gas industry, including the introduction of innovative technologies in the petrochemical or heavy organic synthesis in modem conditions is 62-67%. Chemical processing of oil and gas as well as obtaining on the basis of thin organic synthesis products and materials for agriculture, chemical, pharmaceutical, textile, energy, automotive and aircraft industries is highly effective.
In the years of independence the Republic pays great attention to the development of scientific research in the field of chemical industry new products and sales, and achieved certain results of a wide range of measures to meet domestic import-substituting chemicals needs.
To date, the introduction of the world chemical industry in modem technology synthesis of new types of organic compounds, based on their creation of polymeric and plastic materials with unusual properties, solvents, fungicides, stimulants, antibiotics, hormones, adhesives and paints is perspective task. Synthesis based on Tabor reactions, Grignard-Iotsicha and diazotization new aromatic acetylene alcohols, and vinyl esters, the development of highly effective mechanisms for increasing the yield of the product, the creation of eco-friendly, non-waste resource-saving technologies, the structure of the establishment and properties of aromatic acetylene alcohols, and vinyl esters of modem physicochemical methods to obtain their chemical-based corrosion inhibitors, biocides against biological corrosion processes, ion exchangers for scaling and defoliyantov for use in agriculture is promising.
This dissertation investigation in some degree is devoted to fulfillment of tasks mcnshioncd in decision of President of Republic of Uzbekistan PD-916 from July 15, 2008 «Additional measures of stimulation of using innovational projects and technology in production», PD-1442 from December, 15, 2010 «Perspectives of development of production on 2011-2015 years in Republic Uzbekistan» and also some others normative-legal acts.
The aim of research work is opening of physical out physical characteristics of synthesis of new aromatic acetylenic alcohols and their vinyl ester on the base local raw material and waste, and also elaboration of new industrial technologies.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
in the catalyst systems of KOH+TGP and NH3+KOH+CH3OH and on the basis of organic compounds of magnesium, and reacting the diazotization synthesized aromatic acetylenic alcohols systematic analysis of the effect of various factors on the yield of the products; on the basis of the results obtained, the synthesis technique developed by aromatic acetylenic alcohols;
scientific bases the effect of the structure of the ketone molecules, direct and able ramified radicals with >C=O group in the synthesis process;
for the first time in the selected super basic system (MOH-CsF-DMSO) and of heterogeneous catalytic component (MOH/Caktiv) aromatic acetylenic alcohols vinylation with acetylene, as well as some of the etherification of unsaturated carboxylic acids synthesized new renewable energy;
first proved synthesized aromatic acetylenic alcohols exhibits inhibitory activity against biological corrosion of steel and metal structures of the oil and gas industry and proved their high activity as biocides;
it is shown that the use of the armed forces of aromatic acetylenic alcohols can get drugs that produce sulfur compounds from natural gas and crude oil primary processing.
CONCLUSION
On the basis of the researches on a doctoral theme «Synthesis of aromatic acetylenic alcohols and their vinyl ethers» provided the following conclusions:
1. Applied catalytic system KOH+TGP and NH3+KOH+CH3OH obtained on the basis of local raw materials and industrial waste serve to improve aromatic acetylene alcohol production technology.
2. Systematization process for producing aromatic acetylene alcohol based phcnylacctylene, aniline and organomagnesium compounds is essential.
3. Expediency effective catalyst compositions with nanostructures based impregnating alkali activated carbon of different sizes during vinylation of aromatic acetylene alcohols homogeneous and heterogeneous catalytic methods.
4. Synthesis of new derivatives etherification various acetylenic alcohols and aromatic vinyl ethers hydro sulfuration will serve to expand the industry synthesis of organic compounds.
5. It has been shown that the development of technology for producing aromatic acetylenic alcohols and vinyl esters using local raw materials, waste or by-products, catalysts and process equipment will be improved and the development of the technology of organic chemistry or organic substances.
6. Applications aromatic acetylene alcohols as corrosion protection of biocides in the biological corrosion of steel and metal industry equipment Oil and gas leads to a 80-82% disinfection of bacteria and fungi and improve the performance properties of metal equipment.
7. The use of vinyl esters of aromatic acetylenic alcohols for complex allocation of sulfur compounds from the oil, petroleum products and natural gas reduces the amount of sulfur compounds to 42-55%.
8. The use of phosphate esters of aromatic acetylenic alcohols as scale inhibitor industrial wastewater, and vinyl esters of thiodiglycols as cross linking agents in the production of rubber and rubber products leads to economic development of the chemical industry.

Subjects of the inquiry: hexamethelendiisocyanate.
Aim of the inquiry: synthesis and technologies of reception an biscarbamates on the basis of spirits, an establishment of their structure, studying of their chemical properties and growth factor activity, highly active substances to recommend to practical application in an agriculture.
Methods of inquiry: organic and technological synthesis, the hromatografic analysis, the element analysis; IK-and PMR-spectroscopy, the classical chemical analysis.
The results achieved and their novelty: Technologies of reception of new derivatives an hexamethelen bis [(alkyl)-carbamate] are synthesized and developed and their structures are established. For the first time derivatives an bis-carbamates are synthesized: N,N'-dinitrozo, N,N'-dinatrii-, N,N'-dimethel- and N,N'-dihlorreplaced, their structures are established. Connections and their replacements are created new carbamates of N-H groups, in studying which chemical properties the opportunity to develop a new direction on studying chemistry of connections opens.
Practical value: On the basis of the primary, secondary and tertiary spirits, being by interesting object the general method of organic synthesis and without waste technology is developed for studying derivatives an bis-carbamates in educational process for practical works of students; as a fundamental problem of technology of organic synthesis; by search new highly effective growth factors, and also less toxical medical products.
Degree of embed and economig effectivity: Drug XM-1 XM-2 is tested in three of the Kashkadarinskai range on a cotton plant, corn and a sunflower. Thus economic efficiency on calculation of experts compounds 4,4 mlrd som.
Sphere of usage: reagent, growth factor of plants.

Subjects of the inquiry: watersoluble and waterswelling polymers on the base of glycolic acid.
Aim of the inquiry: construction of new pH-scnsiblc watcrsolublc and waterswelling polymers on the base of glycolic acid, investigation of particulates their formation, physico-chemical properties and also finding of some perspective spheres of their using.
Methods of inquiry: chemical, physico-chemical and physical.
The results achieved and their novelty: for the first time new acrylic monomers on the base of glycolic acid were synthesised with the aim of obtain of pH-sensitive polymers. Some particulates of radical polymerization of these monomers in water solution were investigated. Hydrogels on the base glycolic acid, sewing dy different crossing agents were obtained and their degree of swelling in conditions of their synthesis was investigated and also the base parameters of active chain of obtained crossing polymers were determined. The obtained hydrogels have been pH-sesitive polymers. It was shown by investigation of realeasing of tubazid and apressin immobilized by hydrogels in water solutions the prolongation action of these medicines on the polymer matrix.
Scientific and practical value: obtained new watersoluble, waterswelling and pH-sensitive polymers can be used at construction of pH-sensitive systems able to transport purposefully biology active compounds and their modificators. The obtained results will be enlarge a knowledge in field of radical polymerization of ionogenic monomers and also can be used for further developing of theoretical ideas about of synthesis of polymers by crossing structure.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: the obtained results of investigations of radical polymerizations of some ionogenic monomers on the base of glycolic acid, synthesis of pH-sensitive polymers of liner and cross-linking structure were introduced in education process of the National University of Uzbekistan after name Mirzo Ulugbek and also used at lectures for magisters by speciality 5A440407 - Chemistry of high molecular compounds.
Sphere of usage: medicine.

The aim of the research work are physico-chemical study of the synthesis of new effective defiliruya compositions and technologies for identifying optimal technological parameters of production complexometric defoliants of cotton on the basis of tricarbamide sodium, magnesium chlorate, nitric acid extraction of DCCP and monoethanolamine salts of citric, nitric, acetic acids and ethylene products.
The object of the research work chlorates of sodium and magnesium, carbamide, ammonium nitrate, acetic, nitric, citric acid, demoniacally citrate, ammonium citrate, acetate of monoethanolamine, monoethanolamine nitrate, DCCP physiologically active substance CNitAEDCCP and ethanol.
Scientific novelty of the research work: established physico-chemical basis for interaction of the components in the systems involving water, chlorate of sodium, magnesium, urea, citrate of demoniacally, ammonium citrate, monoethanolamine nitrate, acetate monoethanolamine and teleproduction built their polythermal solubility diagram and diagrams «composition-properties»;
proven education selected four new compounds, with distinction concentration and temperature limits of existence of the equilibrium solid phases in the diagrams, the individuality of which is identified chemical and physicochemical analysis methods;
proven optimal technological parameters of the extraction process waste cotton processing plant nitric acid, which proved that, when the nitric acid concentration is 20%, the ratio of waste to acid is 1:10, the process temperature 50°C, the transition of citric acid to the solution of 4.25%;
the technology of production of complexometric defoliants on the basis of chlorate of magnesium, sodium tricarbonate and physiologically active substances;
analyzed the composition of the defoliant «UzDEF» chemical and physicochemical methods, according to which the defoliant «UzDEF» has the following composition: 32,0% Mg(ClO3)2, 10% CO(NH2)2, 1,5% NH4NO3 и 0,3%АМЭА.
Implementation of the research results Defoliants “UzDEF and UzDEF-K” was included by the state chemical Commission of the Republic of Uzbekistan to the list of drugs permitted for use in agriculture (Certificate No. 1 And 082 of January 18, 2008 and Certificate No. 1 And 1168 dated 18 October 2016); methodological recommendations on the protection of the environment and human health when used in agriculture defoliants «UzDEF», «UzDEF-K» and approved by the Ministry of health of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Practical implementation of technology for new defoliant “UzDEF” implemented in joint-stock company “Ferganaazof ’ and developed from 2009 to 2016 more than 10.4 thousand tons of defoliant (The reference of «Uzkimyosanoat» from August 15, 2017 №01/3-4335/П).
Agrochemical testing of the proposed defoliants on cotton has shown a high defiliruya activity and the “softness” of their action on plants compared to liquid magnesium chlorate defoliant. The degree of leaf fall was more than 89,7 %. Defoliants stimulated the opening of boxes, the figure on the 12th day of 89,6-92,3%. The increase in productivity up to an average of 1,8-2,2 t/ha. Definition of economic efficiency of production of new defoliants “ “UzDEF and UzDEF-K” showed that the cost of 1 ton of defoliants “UzDEF and UzDEF-K.” for raw materials is respectively 5479275,6 and 5562311,82 sum, this figure compared with the 1 ton IChMD 617324,4 and 534288,18 sum cheaper.
The structure and volume of the thesis. The structure of the thesis consists of introduction, five chapters, conclusion, bibliography and applications. Scope of the thesis is 181 pages.

The aim of the research work is synthesis of pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-ones and the comparative analysis reactionary in reactions with electrophilic reagents.
The aim of the research work is synthesis of pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-ones and the comparative analysis reactionary in reactions with electrophilic reagents.

The urgency and relevance of the theme of dissertation. In the world it is actual the application of modifiers on the basis of synthetic oligomers for improving the rheological properties and the regulation of structure formation of composite materials.
In the Republic of Uzbekistan, one of the most important problems in the field of chemical additives for building materials is to find new organic additive that increases endurance and durability of constructions and structures, subjected to impact of climatic conditions and aggressive environments.
In construction industry for regulating processes of structure formation and rheological features of concentrated suspensions arc used supcrplasticizers - organic chemical additives, allowing purposefully to change the mobility of raw mixtures and properties of ready made materials. The search of new effective additives that allow to modify the surface of interface phase and modify rheological properties of dispersions is an actual task.
The special properties of polyelectrolytc-supcrplasticizers refer the possibility of stabilizing dispersions and emulsions by adsorbing diphyletic macromolecules at the bound of interface, preventing the aggregation of particles; effect on the rheology of fluids and dispersions; ability to form physical gels; possibility to cause aggregation of particles in stable dispersion systems to facilitate the separation of liquid and solid phases; modification of surface properties on adsorption on them for providing wettability; solubilization of hydrophobic substances, by adsorption of supcrplasticizer on the surface of the solid phase particles precludes their adhesion by electrostatic forces and thereby reduces the viscosity of the suspension.
The dissertation to some extent may contribute to solve problems defined in accordance with the part of provisions by the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan № 1442 dated December 15, 2010 «About priorities of industrial development the Republic of Uzbekistan» and № 1072 dated March 12, 2009 «About program measures on realization of the most important projects on modernization, technical and technological reequipment of production», as well as other legal documents adopted in this area.
The aim of the research is the working out technology on obtaining organic super- and hypcrplasticizers based on local raw materials and the improvement of their means the technology production of cement compositions.
The scientific novelty of the research concludes the followings:
the technology of the new super- and hypcrplasticizers based on polycarboxylates and acetonoformaldchydes resin was worked out;
the structure and physic-chemical properties of synthesized organic chemical plasticizing additives based on polycarboxylates, polyols, acetonoformaldchydc resin was defined;
the influence of obtained plasticizing additives on the basis of polycarboxylates, polyols, cellulose derivatives and starch, acctonoformadchydc resin on physical-mechanical properties of cement systems was defined;
the physico-chemical properties of cement systems with the addition of su-plasticizer SDj-1 and hypcrplasticizer and supcrplasticizer on the base of accton-oformaldchydc resin was defined.
technology of application of obtained super- and hypcrplasticizcr of cement composition was worked out.
CONCLUSIONS
1. Obtained plasticizers based polyols and revealed that an increase in molecular weight polyol had a positive effect on the rheological and physico-mcchanical properties of the cement paste. It was determined that the plasticizer based on glycerol compared with other plasticizing additives which was obtained , showed the best results.
2. Obtained plasticizers which were synthesized from renewable sources (like starch, cellulose and derivatives thereof), had a positive effect. It was identified derived plasticizers were encouraged to use in the range of 0.1 - 0.5% by weight of cement.
3. Obtained supcrplasticizer SDj-1 in its chemical structure had functional groups that enhance the water solubility and adsorption on the particles of a macromolecule supcrplasticizer was proposed Portland cement and in the workplaces.
4. It was found that the isobutyl radical was effective for a polymcthylcnc radical modification, the optimum percentage of supcrplasticizer SDj-1. isobutyl and the radical - 95: 5, and the proposed modified supcrplasticizer was added to the cement paste - up to 1% by weight of cement.
5. It show that the resulting of hypcrplasticizcr had a high plasticizing effect when added mixes and can repeat the results with small quantities of superplasticizers. Hypcrplasticizers were 20 times more effective than supcrplasticizers.
6. It was proposed that supcrplasticizer of acctonoformaldchydc based resin having functional groups in its chemical structure, which improved the water solubility and adsorption on the particles of a macromolecule supcrplasticizer and Portland cement showed the results obtained by supcrplasticizer reduced the necessity to 15-20%, increased the strength of the cement stone.
7. It was determined that in addition to synthesized and super hypcrplasticizers of composites solutions based on gypsum and ccmcnt-limc binding was increased the mobility, placcbility, density and strength.
8. The technology of production and application of super- and hyperplasticisers based on local raw materials and implemented on the basis of LLC «Zcnatkor-TBB», LLC "Qulama qurilish", LLC "Jizzakh Binokor Savdo". By adding the received hyper and super plasticizers in cementitious systemsobserved to increase strength cement compositions in the early stages, and this in turn led to a reduction of the technological process of preparation of composite materials and energy costs

Subject of research: moleskin and efire alleged factions, ethyl and izoamile alcohols, cretonne alleged, foamy, copper-molybdic ore, spume.
Purpose of work: reception, study characteristic and using import substituting spume for flotation enrichments copper-molybdic ore.
Methods of research: physic-chemical and chemical tests, IR-spectroscopic, PMR- study, paper chromatography, mathematical and steady-state analysis.
The results obtained and their novelty: on base individual material, as well as secondary raw materials resource local chemical production is received row superficially an active material (PVA), explored their characteristic (spume, superficially-active, efficiency spume action under flotation enrichment copper-molybdic ore and others), characteristic solution, as well as possibility of the efficient practical application as spume under flotation an enrichment sulfide ore.
Practical value: synthesized PAV recommended for practical application under flotation enrichment copper-molybdic ore as efficient import substituting foamy reagent.
Degree of embed and economic affectivity: efficiency of the using synthesized PAV as foamy under flotation enrichment copper-molybdic ore practiced in condition JSC "Almalyk is blazed-metallurgical combine", are received positive results. Expected annual economic effect from introducing the development will form on reagent TMSB 900 mln.sum/year, and on EAFK 740 mln.sum/year, it will provide import substituting and spare exchange facilities of the Republic.
Field of application: is blazed-metallurgical industry.

Hozirgi vaqtda suyultirilgan tabiiy gaz global uglevodorod bozorida tobora muhim rol o'ynamoqda. Suyultirilgan tabiiy gaz iste'molining ko'payishi nafaqat ayrim mamlakatlar va mintaqalarda o'z energiya resurslarining yetishmasligi, balki, avvalambor, suyultirilgan tabiiy gazning boshqa energiya manbalariga nisbatan sezilarli afzalliklari bilan bog'liq. Birinchidan, suyultirilgan tabiiy gazni etkazib berish uchun gaz quvurlari tizimini, shu jumladan borish qiyin bo'lgan joylarda qurish va texnik xizmat ko'rsatishning hojati yo'q. Suyultirilgan tabiiy gazning asosiy afzalligi uni dengiz orqali uzoq masofalarga tashish, okeanlararo etkazib berishni amalga oshirish va eng past narxlarda bozorlarda sotish qobiliyatidir. Bu ayniqsa, energiya xavfsizligini mustahkamlash va gaz eksportini diversifikatsiya qilishga intilayotgan O'zbekiston uchun to'g'ri keladi. Ikkinchidan, suyultirilgan tabiiy gaz quvur liniyasiga nisbatan yuqori sifat bilan tavsiflanadi. Buning sababi shundaki, suyultirish jarayonida gaz zararli aralashmalar va oltingugurt birikmalaridan tozalanadi, shuning uchun chiqishda metan miqdori yuqori bo'lgan deyarli toza gaz olinadi. Bundan tashqari, suyultirilgan tabiiy gaz uglevodorod elektr energiyasi olishda ekologik toza manba hisoblanadi.

The mineralogical composition of talcomagnesite has been studied by chemical, X-ray phase, IR spectroscopic, differential thermal analysis method. It has been established that the main mineral in the deposit is talco-magnesite with a high content of magnesium and iron, that talcomagnesite minerals are oval in shape, soft and completely free of toxic substances, which is a mineral raw material for diversified use. Therefore, the study of calcination of talcomagnesite mineral at a temperature of 500-700 ° C, hydrochloric acid decomposition and production of magnesium chloride, as well as converted to sodium hypochlorite to produce magnesium chlorate talcomagnesite ore.

In this research work, the areas of use and volt-ampere properties of organic semiconductor materials based on phthalocyanines are studied. Also, copper phthalocyanine dye pigment was synthesized on the basis of a new catalyst, and the analysis data of this copper phthalocyanine pigment is presented based on the results of optical, semiconductivity, volt-ampere and thermal analysis.

The results of a study on the composition and rheological properties of solutions after separation of glaserite, as well as the influence of technological parameters on the process of evaporation of mother liquors in the production of potassium sulfate by conversion of flotation potassium chloride with mirabilite of the Tumryuk deposit, are presented. The most intensive process of evaporation of the mother liquor, after separation of the glaserite, proceeds at a temperature of 100°C. In this case, after 60 minutes, the volume of the solution decreases by more than 50%, while at 80 and 60°C these figures are 20 and 5%, respectively. With an increase in the volume of the evaporated liquid from 5% to 40%, the amount of precipitated sodium chloride increases from 3.1% to 22.9% of the mass of the initial mother liquor containing (wt.%): K2O-6.86; Na2O-11.67; SO4-2-3.46, CI--16.02; H2O-66.26 at 20°C. The density of the mother liquors with an increase in the volume of the evaporated solution increases from 1.250 g/cm3 to 1.358 g/cm3 at a temperature of 20°C and from 1.210 g/cm3 to 1.330 g/cm3 at 80°C, the viscosity decreases from 2.126 mPa s to 2.007 mPa s upon evaporation of 40% moisture and up to 0.914 mPa s when the temperature rises from 20°C to 80°C.

The developed potash ores, including Central Asian ores, are mainly represented by sylvinites (KCI + NaCl), which serve as raw materials for the production of the main type of potash fertilizers, potassium chloride.

Poultry farming is one of the most developed industries, and it is very important to operate the industry completely without waste. More than 20,000 chickens are slaughtered in poultry factories per month. Taking into account that on average 100 grams of feathers are extracted from one chicken, the main goal is to extract keratin protein by processing more than 2 tons of chicken feathers per month. During the research, my method of extracting protein from feathers will be discussed. In addition, determination of the amount of nitrogen in the protein isolated by a special method, determination of the total protein and amino acids are discussed. In the results section, it was found that 25% dry mass was extracted, it contained 17 different amino acids. It was concluded that chicken feather protein can be used for cosmetics based on theoretical comparisons with keratin protein. Hair is composed mainly of keratin protein and a small amount of lipid.

The cement industry is currently making various efforts to reduce CO 2 emissions. The blended cement produced by lowering the amount of clinker with using mineral additives has expanded as the trials to reduce CO 2 emission as well as to utilize its advantageous properties. And standards related to blended cement have been already set in all regions of the world. It is evaluated and reviewed the standards of blended cement according to the types and usage ratios of mineral additives that can be blended, which are covered by the European Standard (EN 197 1:2011), the Euro-Asian Standard (ГОСТ 31108-2020) and the U.S. Standard (ASTM C 595-16), respectively. In accordance with the blended cement standard established in each region, it is necessary to promote and expand the use of blended cement to reduce the CO 2 emission currently facing as well as to utilize various advantages of using blended cement.

Subjects of the inquiry: cellulose, cotton fiber, cotton lint and also the obtained powdered cellulose.
Aim of the inquiry: development of elastically-deformation method and device for pulverizing of cellulose materials; obtain of powdered cellulose and also the investigation of it's structure, properties and application.
Methods of inquiry: methods of optical and electronic microscopy; IR-, NMR- and KP-spectroscopy, X-ray method; sorbsion and calorimetric investigations.
The results achieved and their novelty: for the first time the new method of reducing of cotton cellulose under action of high pressure and shift deformation and also the new installation was constructed providing continuous obtain of thinly- dispersion powder cellulose (UZ patent 1487236). For the first time the methanism of physical destruction of cotton cellulose at elastically - deformation pulverizing was determined. By methods of IR-, NMR-, KP-scopiya, X-ray method and thermodinamical analysis it was determined that elastically-deformation action and shift have brought to decreasing of content of high-regulating parts of cellulose in limits of structure form C-I. Particularities of the milling of cellulose materials were determined and also it was shown that elastically-deformation milling of the natural cellulose have carried out changing of physical structure without conformation changings.
Practical value: development and constraction of laboratory and experimental-industrial installations for obtain of thinly - dispersion power cellulose from cotton cellulose. For example scientifically -industrial enterprise «Tegirmon» has developed experienced industrial installation for elastically -deformation pulverizing of cellulose materials with productivity 10 kg/h
Degree of embed and economical effectivity: power cellulose obtained by elastically - deformation pulverizing was used as sorbents and ionits, materials of medical purpose, substrats for glucose obtain by ferment hydrolysis, initial source for obtain of sodium salt of carboxymethilcellulose and heliums.
Sphere of usage: medicine, pharmaceutics, cosmetics, paper and chemical industries.

Subjects of research: 9 new styryl dyes and 2 known cyanine dyes.
Purpose of work: Study on the effects of concentration, solvent’s nature and the light irradiation on the spectral-luminescent and photochemical properties of the new synthesized homodimcr styryl dyes; the determination of the spatial structure of dye molecules by quantum-chemical calculations; elaboration of recommendations for practical applications of obtained results.
Methods of research: Spectral-luminescent methods: electronic absorption and fluorescence spectra; quantum-chcmical semi-empirical method AM 1.
The obtained results and their novelty: Spectral-luminescent characteristics of the new styryl dyes in different kind solvents and their changes depending on the solution concentration and light irradiation were studied. A new kind of luminescent associates of Cyan-40 and TO dyes in water and weakly polar solvent was discovered. Using quantum-chcmical methods for studied dye molecules the followings were determined: maxima of electronic absorption, spatial structure, heat of formation, electronic energy, charge distribution and dipole moment in ground and excited states.
Practical value: Recommendations on practical application of obtained results in various fields of science and technology were elaborated. In particular, discovered luminescent associates of Cyan-40 and TO dyes might be usable as working media in tunable dye lasers. Determined spectral-luminescent and photochemical properties and results of quantum-chcmical calculations serve as the main characteristic data of the new styryl dyes. These arc valuable information for targeted synthesis of a new organic luminophores with defined spectral-luminescent properties.
Degree of embed and economic efficiency: scientific articles, abstracts of papers at conferences and symposiums, lectures and practical lessons for bachelors and masters.
Field of application: Quantum Electronics, synthesis and application of new organic luminophores.

The aim of the research work is to reveal the formation conditions of nanocomposites based on linear low density polyethylene and determine a dependence of their structure on thermal, mechanical and fire-resistance characteristics.
Scientific novelty of the research work is a follows:
optimal mixing conditions of maleated polyethylene (with high molecular weight) and various types of modified montmorillonite in melt of linear low density polyethylene under which layered silicate exfoliation occurs were revealed;
polymer nanocomposites with a high degree of layered silicate exfoliation, differing from unfilled polyethylene in a complex of higher thermal, mechanical and fire-resistant characteristics were obtained;
a correlation dependence of structure type formed during composite preparation (depending on montmorillonite type, type and concentration of maleated polyethylene) on thermal, mechanical and fire-resistant characteristics was determined;
for the first time, the compositions of polymer nanocomposites additionally containing thermally expanding graphite, differing in low content of flame retardant and high combustion resistance have been developed.

Topicality and demand of the subject of dissertation. Today, the materials obtained on the basis of agricultural and industrial wastes are widely used in manufacturing processes of the chemical industry, for cleaning and remediation of waste and surface water.
In our Republic put into operation new industrial enterprises using modern technologies, carried out modernization of the production of a number of new products for various industries. These enterprises are widely used adsorption materials for water treatment and purification of waste water from toxicants.
Heavy metals (HM), radionuclides, phenolic substances are priority pollutants to the aquatic environment and their monitoring is an important eco-analytical task. Currently, there are a large number of physical, chemical and physico-chemical analysis techniques to determine ultrasmall amounts of HM in aqueous media, however, they do not always provide the required sensitivity of the assay at the level of the LPC and below.
The importance of the global problem of environmental pollution with heavy metals, radionuclides, phenolic substances requires dedicated research on their monitoring, with a focus on the following issues: get cheap sorbents based on natural and synthetic materials for the realization of sorption technologies; creation of materials based on bio-sorptional microorganisms of different taxonomic groups are able to accumulate heavy metals, radionuclides and other ecotoxicants; creation of novel sorbents which can replace the expensive synthetic and natural sorption materials; obtaining new sorption materials based on agricultural, food waste and pharmaceutical waste using living organisms; to evaluate the potential of bio-sorptional brewing yeast Saccharomyces towards heavy metal ions; set sorption analytical properties biosorbents based on yeast cell walls; obtaining new biosorbents from waste brewing plants for extraction and concentration of heavy metals, toxins, radionuclides and for analytical purposes.
This dissertation work is oriented on the realization of resolutions of President of Republic of Uzbekistan PP-1071 From March 11, 2009 and the decision №142 of the Cabinet of Ministers from May 27, 2013 «About Program by Protection of Environment of the Republic of Uzbekistan during 2013-2017 years» and also provided by other normative documents.
Aim of work. To prove of ability of using biomass of walls cells of yeast Saccharomyces cereviriae and biosorbents on its basis for concentrating low levels of HM ions, radionuclides and other toxicants natural environment and to develop a method stripping-voltammetry determination of the group of HM at the level of the LPC and below using their pre-concentrating from the aqueous solutions of these sorbents
Scientifically novelty of investigation is consist in following :
the first time demonstrated the possibility of using the WCY Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a sorbent for concentrating the HM group, radionuclides and toxins for analytical purposes;
developed a method of inversion-voltammetric determination HM ions in aqueous media at concentrations at or below the LPC using a pre-concentrating biosorption;
the first time experimental lined with the contribution of the functional analytical groups of biopolymers of the cell walls of yeast in a specific and nonspecific binding of HM ions;
is proposed salvation - house mechanism of ion exchange in a heterogeneous system «biosorbent-solution» that allows you to select reagents for quantitative desorption and regeneration biosorbents;
the first time was show that the relative electronegativity of the metal ioncomplexing agent can be a criterion of priority sorption capacity of the sorbent.
CONCLUSIONS
On the basis of research on this doctoral dissertation on the topic «Sorption concentration and determination of toxicants using biosorbents based on cell walls of brewers yeast» the following conclusions are presented:
1. For the first time the possibility of application of the cell walls of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as biosorbents for the concentrating of heavy metals, radionuclides, organic compounds for subsequent determination is shown. We have developed a process for preparing new bio-sorptional material, and their study with using physical and physic-chemical methods. It established its basic functional-analytical group (FAG) and their contribution to the concentration of HM ions.
2. With the use of cinetic and thermodynamic studies it was found that the sorption concentrating of HM ions is carried out in mixed arrangements of specific binding, ion exchange and physical sorption with a predominance of the latter.
3. Sorption analytical capabilitiy of yeast cell walls (WCY) S. cerevisiae with respect to individual ions Cd (II), Pb (II), Си (II), U (VI) and phenol. Has been shown an explanation for the influence of pH on metal ions biosorption metalposition proton exchange location and shape of metal ion in solution.
4. Displaying the mutual influence of ions on the completeness and selectivity in concentrating multi-ion systems, reflected in the decrease in the total sorption capacity biosorbent, it is found that the best adsorption capacity ions in inherited to Pb (II) in the case of mono-, di- and tri-ionic systems. The explanation of this phenomenon from the point of the Lewis-Pearson theory of the nature of the specific binding of «hard» and «soft» complexing ions with appropriate ligands -FAG. Was given it is noted that the relative electronegativity ions may be an indicator of their relative sorption capacity.
5. In order to improve sorption analytical and expluatation characteristics of biosorbents it was studied the possibility of chemical modification. It is shown that the native biomass treatment by polyvinylpyrrolidone solution greatly enhances sorption capacity of the sorbents. To improve performance solid biosorbents were immobilizatied in Ca-alginate gel. Sorption HM ions by such sorbents in static and dynamic conditions was invertigated. The technology and Variants of using of magnetical sorption smart materials based on the joint inclusion in Ca-alginate gel biomass WCY and synthesized magnetite was elaborated.
6. For the first time is shown possibility of using inversion-voltammetric method in the study of bio-sorptional processes. It has been developed computerized voltammetric complex and electrochemical sensor allowing to carried out measurements in the «drop». Technology for manufacturing mercury-film graphite electrodes and the criteria for assessing their suitability in the determination of trace content of HM was elaborated.
7. The method of inversion - voltammetric determination of low contents of ions cadmium, lead and copper in waste-, surface- and drinking waters with advanced bio-sorptional concentrating was developed. This method allows to determine the concentration of the specified HM at LPC and below with mean square error not more than 0,2 • 10’4.
8. The method of group determination of ions of cadmium, lead and copper by inversion-voltammetric method using pre-concentrating bio-sorption were tested and implemented in laboratory practice «West Labs» SPC «Geology of precious metals and uranium» NMMC. The technology of production of biosorbents based CWY was implemented in the «Pulsar - Group Brewery» Ltd.

Subjects of inquiry: Seeds and seedlings of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), sort 108-F (AD/); soybean (Glycina hispida Li), sort Dustlik, arahis (Arahyus hypogaea L), sort Persuvan 46/2, cereal (Triticum aestivum L.), sort Una, mays (Zea mays L.), sort BC-6661, pea (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), sort Vigna, stamped 661, vegetative and generative components of cotton seeds.
Aim of the inquiry: To study some ways of phospholipids transformation in cotton seeds and in the seeds of higher plants during their growing and ripening stages.
Method of inquiry: The extraction of the phospholipids was carried by Davson’s and Hemitong’s methods, the quantity of phospholipides was defined by method of Tauski and Shora as well as by Vaskovskiy’s method, the quantity of proteins was identified by Louri’s method, the content of phospholipids was defined by Keyts’s method in ThLCh.
The results achieved and their novelty: For the first time the research of essential cotton seed’s phospholipids along with seeds of some higher plants (cereal, arahis, soybean, pea and mayz) was carried out during their development from seed to seed and common ways of phospholipids transformation were shown.
It was shown that phospholipase D due to its hydrolase and transferase functions actively takes part in plastic metabolism during cotton seeds’ growing and ripening stages. In vivo and in vitro investigations defined phosphatidil methanoic, which is produced because of transferase function of this enzyme and hasn’t been found in plants yet. Fitase plays a great part in manifesting transferase activity of phospholipase D as fitase delivers inosit. Some models of bicnzimatic systems with fitase and phospholipase were created. These systems could be used in practical aims.
Practical value: The results of these investigations could be used in producing of some valuable prcparatcs such as phosphotidilinosit and mioinosit. They arc very perspective in medicine and pharmacology.
Degree of embed and economical effectivity: The method of preparate production could be used in practice. Some results arc used in special training programs at Universities.
Sphere of usage: Scientific researches, educational process in Higher Educational Institutes.

Hozirgi vaqtda jahon sanoatida polimer kompozitsion materiallar ishlab chiqarish muhim o'rinni egallaydi. Ular hayotimizning turli sohalarida keng qo'llaniladi. Yangi materiallarni ishlab chiqishga katta e'tibor beriladi. Alyuminiy kompozitsion panellar (AKP) zamonaviy qurilishda binolarning tashqi va ichki qismlarini qoplash uchun tobora ko'proq foydalanilmoqda. Yuqori plastikligi tufayli ushbu turdagi panelni osongina istalgan shaklga aylantirish mumkin va shu bilan birga, alyuminiy qotishmasining plomba moddasining kompozitsion materiali bilan birgalikda qattiqligi dinamik ta'sirning barqarorligini ta'minlaydi. Sirtning yuqori sifati, uning qoplamasi ranglarining keng assortimenti me'moriy yechimlar imkoniyatlarini kengaytirish imkonini beradi.

Yashil kimyo 1990-yillarda kimyogarlarning ko‘nikmalari, bilimlari va iste`dodlaridan kimyoviy jarayonlarning barcha turlarida inson salomatligi va atrof-muhitga tahdidlardan qochishning bir usuli sifatida paydo bo‘ldi. Yashil kimyo fundamental ilmiy metodologiyalari inson salomatligi va atrof-muhitni iqtisodiy jihatdan foydali tarzda qanday himoya qilishini ko‘rsatdi. Kataliz, xavfsizroq kimyoviy moddalar va ekologik xavfsiz erituvchilarni loyihalash, qayta tiklanadigan xomashyoni ishlab chiqish kabi bir qancha muhim tadqiqot yo‘nalishlarida sezilarli yutuqlarga erishilmoqda. Hozirgi va kelajakdagi kimyogarlar atrof muhitga ta`sir qilish to‘g‘risida xabardorlikni oshirgan holda mahsulot va jarayonlarni loyihalash uchun o‘qitilmoqda. Yashil kimyo hamjamiyatidagi targ‘ibot tadbirlari kimyoning biz duch kelayotgan ko‘plab global ekologik muammolarni hal qilish imkoniyatlarini ta`kidlaydi. Yashil kimyoning kelib chiqishi va asosi barqaror dunyoga xos bo‘lgan ekologik va iqtisodiy farovonlikka erishishni belgilaydi.

In this articte, the interaction of sunflower oil and its derivatives with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of formic acid was studied in detail. The results of the study confirmed the formation of a mixture of dihydroxy and epoxy derivatives in different proportions, depending on the synthesis conditions. The composition of epoxidized vegetable oils was studied in depth using modern analytical methods, including infrared (IR) spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. These methods have become important in determining the molecular structure, monitoring the dynamics of intermolecular interactions, understanding the mechanism of chemical reactions, and performing quantitative analysis of substances.