445
Volume 5, Issue 10: Special Issue
(EJAR)
ISSN: 2181-2020
MPHAPP
THE 6TH INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL
CONFERENCE
“
MODERN PHARMACEUTICS: ACTUAL
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
”
TASHKENT, OCTOBER 17, 2025
in-academy.uz
THE EFFECT OF BACTERIAL ENDOTOXINS ON THE LEVEL OF ALANINE
AMINOTRANSFERASE AND ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE IN THE
BLOOD
Ergasheva M.Zh.
Elmurodov L.K.
Center for Pharmaceutical Product Safety, Tashkent city, Republic of Uzbekistan
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17342152
Bacterial endotoxins, also known as polysaccharides (LPS), are known to be the main
component of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria. Bacterial endotoxins are present in the
bloodstream throughout life and participate in the regulation of immune system activity at all levels.
Lipopolysaccharides enable the adaptation of the immune and other vital div systems to constantly
changing external and internal environmental conditions. However, excessive bacterial endotoxins
entering the bloodstream can cause the development of endotoxin aggression and endotoxin shock,
or acute multiple organ failure syndrome. It has been shown that damage to liver parenchymal cells
begins with membrane disruption resulting from lipopolysaccharide activation of the arachidonic acid
cascade . It has also been shown that 3 hours after intravenous administration of bacterial endotoxins,
the number of lysosomes within parenchymal cells localized around the bile ducts increases.
The aim
of the study was to investigate the effect of introducing bacterial endotoxins into the
div on the activity of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in the blood of
experimental animals .
Materials and methods:
The study was conducted on white mongrel rats. The animals were
divided into two groups. The first group was a control group, and the second consisted of animals
injected with bacterial endotoxins. Seven days after the bacterial endotoxin administration, alanine
aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels were measured in the blood . Enzyme activity
was determined using a commercial reagent kit designed to measure the activity of these enzymes in
the blood.
Results:
The study results showed that in the group of animals administered bacterial
endotoxins, the activity of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in the blood
increased. The increased levels of these enzymes in the blood may be due to increased cytolysis in
the liver. Cytolysis is a nonspecific response of liver cells to damaging factors. During cytolysis at
the cellular level, the integrity of hepatocyte membranes is disrupted , leading to the release of their
contents, including enzymes, into the blood. It is possible that excessive bacterial endotoxins damage
liver cells, resulting in increased enzyme levels in the blood. Bacterial endotoxins consist of a
hydrophilic polysaccharide residue covalently linked to a hydrophobic lipid residue (lipid A). Lipid
A is the most conserved part of the endotoxin and is responsible for most of its biological properties,
including its biological toxicity. It is possible that under the influence of Lipid A endotoxin, the
destruction of liver membranes occurs, resulting in the release of enzyme contents into the blood.
Conclusions : Based
on the data obtained, it can be concluded that elevated levels of bacterial
endotoxins in the blood may be a cause of liver pathologies. Increased lipopolysaccharide levels in
the intestinal lumen are known to occur as a result of the destruction of gram-negative bacteria by
antibacterial drugs, food poisoning, dysbacteriosis , and other conditions. It is possible that intestinal
bacterial endotoxins, when absorbed into the blood, may contribute to the development of a number
of diseases, including liver disease.
