Arts and Humanities Other Topics

This article analyzes T. Tolstaya’s dystopian novel “Kys” in the context of genre designation in the practice of teaching literature in a higher educational institution. Methodological techniques of reflective technologies in literature classes in higher education are also revealed. It is shown that a mandatory pedagogical condition for creating a developmental environment in the process of problem-based learning in literature classes is the stage of reflection. It helps students formulate the results obtained, determine the goals of further work, and
adjust their subsequent actions.

Usman Nasir’s work has been studied on a scientific basis since the beginning of the 30s, and his works were included in educational programs and textbooks of the literary complex. In the following years, the study and research of the poet’s life and work increased. Literary works have been published several times. A number of scientific articles and books were created. In this field, we can mention the scientific researches of literary scholars Naim Karimov, Abubakir Rajabi, Ibrahim Gafurov, O’tkir Rashid, the poet’s niece Nodira Rashidova. In his book dedicated to Usman Nasir, A.Rajabi covered the poet’s life and creative activity for the first time. The article examines which aspects of the poet’s life and work have been stud-ied by literary scholars.

The article talks about the history of the study of the «Alpomish» epic. Also, the versions of this saga recorded from various folk traditions, their common and unique aspects were studied. The version of this epic recorded by the son of Fazil Yuldosh, a famous epic poet and representative of Bulungur epic school, which is the most perfect and artistically perfect copy, therefore, this copy is the basis of many studies on the epic. Opinions have been expressed. The article also analyzes the research of the famous Russian scientist V.M. Zhirmunsky on this poem. The work carried
out on the “Alpomish” poem was investigated in three directions. In the first stage, information is given about the process of recording the epic from the folk dances, when, from which dance, by whom it was recorded, if the recorded copy was published, by whom was it prepared for publication, if it was not published, in which treasure is the manuscript kept.

The article is devoted to the study of the condition of the preserved structures of architectural monuments of Uzbekistan, the residual load bearing capacity of the masonry, the examination of the condition of the structures of architectural monuments, and the solution to the issue of their strengthening and restoration.

This article discusses the factors that negatively affect the durability of architectural monuments located in Uzbekistan. The study uses a qualitative methodology that includes archival research, expert interviews and on-site observations. The results show that factors such as environmental degradation, human activity and lack of maintenance contribute to the deterioration of these monuments. The discussion highlights the importance of preserving these cultural artifacts for future generations and suggests strategies to increase their longevity.

This article presents reliable information on the stages of student research and student technologies, the formation of a scientific culture based on key competencies.

Stilistika dastlab tilshunoslik va adabiyotshunoslik chorrahasidagi soha sifatida shakllangan. Mazkur soha bugungi kunda oʻzining qator tadqiqotlar doirasiga ega. Stilistikaning bugungi rivoji uning tarixini oʻrganishga qiziqish uygʻotishi tabiiy. Mazkur maqola stilistik ilmiy paradigmaning shakllanish asoslarini tadqiq qiladi.

The content of the article is about the history of the development of photography, and with the development of views on photography, the creation of photo parks in the new RUSM began. This innovation, which caused a lot of hype around the world, prompted many scientists to conduct scientific research. Many of our research scientists have made a number of scientific advances in this regard.

The aim of the research is to reveal the socio-philosophical features of the progress of a socially-oriented market economy and to develop proposals and recommendations on the development of healthy competition in this field.
The scientific noveltyof the study is as follows:
manifestation of epistemological content of competition is substantiated through such socio-cultural features as creativity, compromise, collectivism, tolerance, adequacy;
moral qualities, which have become health-improving economic competition, as a culture of rivalry, mutual assistance, honesty, conscientiousness, calculating, developed proposals and recommendations for their application in practice;
a place in social progress and the degree of impact on society (intellectual, virtual, informational) varieties of competition occurring in noogenesis (the stage of thinking); from the philosophical point of view, the existence of a dialectical relationship between the content and forms of criminal competition is justified, and methods for combating it through harmonization of national and universal moral postulates, legal principles and norms arc improved;
from the philosophical methodological point of view there justified existence of dialectical relationship between the content and forms of criminal competition and methods of fighting against it and they arc improved through harmonization of national and universal moral postulates and legal principles and norms;
the hypothesis is proved that the relationship between the object and the subject in the process of healthy spiritual competition (actions aimed at improving the consciousness, heart, beliefs, world outlook, morality, spirituality, culture, human ideology) is the determinative factor of the formation of spiritual competitiveness among citizens.

The article analyzes the contribution to the development of spiritual culture of the educator Mahmudhoja Behbudi, who was one of the outstanding leaders of the national revival movement that emerged in Turkestan in the XX century, who played an important role in awakening the public consciousness of the Uzbek people at that time. Possessing a broad outlook and deep knowledge, he has always opposed conservatism and ignorance and in his works called for the correct understanding and interpretation of the Islamic religion. His goal was to enlighten the people and bring them to the level of highly developed peoples of the world, to build an advanced society in all respects, a state based on the unshakable principles of humanism and democracy. In the legacy of Mahmudhoja Behbudi, attention is paid to highlighting the issues of science, morality, the influence of art on the spiritual culture of youth, on the understanding of national identity. In satya, the modern meaning of Behbudi's work is investigated.

Family vocabulary is a very important element of verbal communication, oral or written, digital or religious. It plays an important role in the process of historical development of the language. This continuous process has been used for a long time, so this study provides for a strategy of speech communication among relatives and close people for successful speech communication.

This article discusses the new method schools established by prominent representatives of the Jadid movement that emerged in Turkestan in the late 19th century and formed in the early 20th century, as well as important aspects of the educational process in them and their differences from other schools.

The article examines the problem of teaching Russian in an Uzbek school. The author focuses on the specific difficulties of teaching Russian to Uzbek students, especially in the process of understanding the functions of prepositions and prefixes.

The article describes the aspects of developing the socio-cultural competence of a sports trainer-teacher in the process of changes and innovations being introduced into the sports education system in our country.

This article describes the specific aspects of interdisciplinary communication in the training of qualified personnel in the fields of veterinary medicine and animal husbandry.

О‘rta asrlarda Dashti Qipchoq hududida yuz bergan siyosiy va etnomadaniy jarayonlar natijasida shakllangan o‘nlab turkiy va turk mo‘g‘ul urug‘larining XVI – XVII asrlarda Amudaryo – Sirdaryo oralig‘i va unga tutash hududlarga ko‘chib kelishlari chog‘ida yetakchi o‘zbek urug‘laridan biri sifatida yuz urug‘i vakillari ham mintaqaning ko‘plab hududlariga kirib kelganlar.

Reasearch objects: Khamza’s archive in the State Literature museum named after Alisher Navoiy on Academy of Science of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the poet’s manuscripts in fund of the institute of Oriental studies named after Abu Raykhan Bcruniy on Academy of Science of the Republic of Uzbekistan and in Kakand Literature museum named after Gafur Gulom.
Purpose of work: Implementation of textual-comparative analysis of the manuscript “Devony Nikhoniy” and collection “Ethnic poems for ethnic songs”, and solving theoretical-methodological problems of study of Khamza’s poetry
Method of research: historical-comparative
Research results and their novelty:
The problem of sources of Khamza’s poetry and its textual analysis is investigated as an object of investigation for the first time;
Theoretical-methodological principles of study of Khamza’s poetry are defined on basis of the analysis of investigations on poet’s oeuvre;
On basis of textual analysis of poems in “Devony Nikhoniy” texts of lyric works of poet were restored in accordance with the original; As a result of comparative analysis of the original and edited versions of poems on social-political theme from “Ethnic poems for ethnic songs” collection there were defined textual differences, and made theoretical generalizations.
Practical meaning: the materials of research can be used in higher educational institutions, especially, in practical lessons on subjects like “Uzbek literature in the period of National revive”, “Uzbek literature” at philological faculties, in creation of manuals and tutorials for bachelors and masters on subjects like “Textual study”, “History of literary source study and textual study”, “Stages of development of Uzbek written text”.
Results of use: According to results of research there were given scientific lectures and 10 scientific articles were published.
Field of use: literary criticism, literary source study and textual study.

Статья посвящена сопоставительному исследованию языковых средств и способов образования эвфемизмов русского и узбекского языков.
Представленные классификации способов образования эвфемизмов, в данной статье, опираются на исследования ведущих лингвистов данной области языкознания. Это, в основном, семантические сдвиги, заимствования, синонимия, формальные способы образования эвфемизмов, такие как сложение слов, аффиксальное словообразование, различные стилистические тропы и фигуры, типа: метафоризация, метонимизация, перифраза, литотес, антифраз, эллипсис, апокопия и др.

The lifestyle of rural youth is determined by socio-economic, political, domestic, psychological factors, but unlike that of urban youth, it was difficult for rural residents to adapt to new conditions, which affected the content of the socialization of the young generation. If we pay attention to the data of sociological surveys, the deep socio-economic crisis in the village has a negative effect on the formation of values in the youth of the village, it leads to the spread of some negative processes in the environment of the youth.

In this article, the eighth exhibition hall of the Termez Archaeological Museum is dedicated to the culture of Termez and Chaganiyan during the period of Amir Temur and the Timurids. In this exhibition hall, there are models of Kyrgyz, Kokildar ota, Sultan Saodat complex, glazed household items, map of Amir Temur's state, copper coins, chess pieces and military equipment are being demonstrated. The material resources displayed in exhibitions of this hall, covering the period from 1370 to the beginning of the 16th century, show that the applied art of Termez and Chaganiyan developed in harmony with the culture of other central cities of Amir Temur's state.

Ishda yozuvchi Shoyim Bo‘tayev hikoyalaridagi obrazlarda davr va qahramon masalasi, hikoyalaridagi davr va ijtimoiy muhit, qahramon ruhiyati tahlil qilindi.

This article discusses the category of species and the ability of the verb to characterize how the action develops in time (referring to the moment of speech). In Russian, the category of species is one of the main grammatical categories of the verb. It expresses the way the action takes place in time, regardless of the moment of speech. Perfect verbs denote an action that has a limit, a result. In this case, the action is considered as a single whole, not divided into separate stages. Imperfect verbs denote an action that has no limit. In this case, the action is considered as a process with a beginning, continuation and end.

In the article, the author makes an attempt to semantic classification of adverbial phraseological units of the Russian language by applying the method of component analysis.

The aim of the researchworkis drawing scientific conclusions and making recommendations on the improvement of the sphere on the basis of philosophical-aesthetic generalization of conceptual theories formed within modern discourse of art criticism and fine arts.
Scientific novelty of the research workconsists of the following:
the impact of the relationship and collaboration between the synhamionistics (harmony of the objectives of society and creator) and polystylistics of fine arts on the social and spiritual development of the society has been revealed;
society was included into the triad: world - artist - recipient trio system of evaluation of fine arts, and the tetra (four) system: world - artist - recipient -society was created;
the principles of strengthening the interaction of national press and art criticism (objectivity, criticism ethics), polystylistic foundations and functional characteristics of art criticism were worked out;
suggestions and recommendations have been made on the ability of every recipient, the whole society and the public to play a role of an art critic, the importance of public opinion in this regard, and the need to enrich the value and analysis of artistic criticism with public opinion.

The article describes the current state of schoolfamily
neighborhood activities in the education of students in general
secondary education. Also, the beneficial aspects of cooperative
activities are justified.