ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ НАУКА И ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ИДЕИ В МИРЕ
https://scientific-jl.org/obr
Выпуск журнала №-70
Часть–3_ Мая –2025
303
2181-3187
ABOUT THE HISTORY OF THE NEWSPAPER OF THE TURKISTAN
REGION
Asian University of Technology
Teacher
Chorshanbiyev Q
Abstract:
One of the publications that has taken an important place in the history
of the Uzbek press is the "Turkeston Viloyat Gazeta". This newspaper was founded at
the end of the 19th century, namely in 1870, and is considered one of the oldest mass
media that initiated the first stage in the development of the Uzbek press. The
emergence of the "Turkeston Viloyat Gazeta" was not only the emergence of a new
source of information, but also served as an important tool in covering the political,
social and cultural environment of that time.
Keywords:
Turkestan regional newspaper, N.A. Mayev, Chorizm, V.F. Oshanin,
N.N. Pantusov.
After the Russian Empire conquered the Central Asian khanates, it established
the Turkestan Governorate-General as its base in the lands conquered from the Kokand
and Bukhara khanates. Its center was Tashkent. Since 1870, the official organ of the
Governor-General, "Turkestanskie Vedomosti" and its appendix "Turkestan
velodromining gazeti" began to be published in Tashkent. "Turkestanskie Vedomosti"
(April 28, 1870 - December 15, 1917) "Turkestanskie Vedomosti" was published on
April 28, 1870, in accordance with the Decree of the Governor-General of Turkestan,
Kaufman.
"Turkestanskie Vedomosti" is considered the first official printed newspaper
in Turkestan, which laid the foundation for the periodic press in Central Asia.
"Turkestanskiye Vedomosti" was published in 1870 in 17 issues, from 1871 once a
week, from December 1903 - 3 times, from 1907 - 4 times, and finally from July 1907
ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ НАУКА И ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ИДЕИ В МИРЕ
https://scientific-jl.org/obr
Выпуск журнала №-70
Часть–3_ Мая –2025
304
2181-3187
it was transformed into a daily newspaper. Its last issue was published on December
15, 1917. "Turkestanskiye Vedomosti" newspaper was published in 6406 issues over
47 years. "Turkestanskiye Vedomosti" newspaper was edited and published by
Governor-General Kaufman. N.A. Mayev was appointed its first editor.
"Turkestanskiye Vedomosti" newspaper was edited by N.A. Mayev from 1870-1892;
from November 20, 1892 to December 17, 1899 - A.P. Romanovich; In 1899-1901, it
was edited by S.A. Geppener and from November 5, 1901 to January 9, 1907, by N.G.
Malitsky. The newspaper called for the implementation of the policy of the tsarist
colonial administration, the upbringing of the peoples of Turkestan in the spirit of loyal
citizenship, and the support of religious ignorance. More precisely, the program of the
newspaper was drawn up by the Ministry of Internal Affairs, which mainly consisted
of only four articles.
1. Supreme orders. Supreme telegrams, brief information about awards and
assistance to the population of the region, and solemn days.
2. General government orders to be distributed throughout the Turkestan region.
3. Short stories from the lives of Russian tsars, local and other information.
4. Announcements of the postal and telegraph district and other government
institutions in the Turkestan region, as well as private announcements".
Based on this program, the following sections were organized in the newspaper
"Turkestanskie Vedomosti": 1) official; 2) internal information; 3) international
information; 4) elegant literature; 5) local information.
"Turkestanskie Vedomosti" printed mainly the orders of the Governor-General
of Turkestan in its official section. In another section, articles on the history,
geography, ethnography and statistics of the region were covered. Indeed, most of such
articles belong to the pen of N.A. Mayev, who was the first to explore Central Asia and
created many works on its geography and ethnography. Also, one can find a lot of
historical and scientific materials on the pages of the newspaper. V.V. Bartold, who
ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ НАУКА И ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ИДЕИ В МИРЕ
https://scientific-jl.org/obr
Выпуск журнала №-70
Часть–3_ Мая –2025
305
2181-3187
was the first to explore Central Asia, academician Scientists such as L.S. Berg, N.A.
Seversev, A.P. Fedchenko, I.V. Mushketov, V.F. Oshanin, N.N. Pantusov devoted
many articles to the economic, historical, and ethnographic study of the country. At
different times, the newspaper published articles such as "Kyrgyz" (ethnographic
essay), "The Last Days of Timurlang's Life", "Essay on the History of Kokand" and
many others. The newspaper's materials are diverse in genre. News, correspondence,
essays, travel memoirs, and journalistic articles were published on its pages.
"Turkestanskie Vedomosti" had its own correspondents in other cities of the Russian
Empire, such as St. Petersburg, Moscow, and Vladivostok. Issues of the cultural life of
the country were also covered in the newspaper's issues. However, the official organ
expressing government policy, "Turkestanskie Vedomosti" did not say anything about
it.
In addition, other Russian newspapers such as "Turkestan", "Turkestansky
Kurer", "Turkestanskoe Selskoe Khozyastvo", "Ashkabod" also began to be published
in Turkestan at that time. All of these newspapers served to implement the colonial
policy of tsarism. "Turkestanskie Vedomosti" took its place as the official night
newspaper that laid the first foundation stone in the history of Uzbek journalism. The
newspaper also has a great contribution as a historical source in the field of studying
Central Asia, especially the Turkestan region. In the early days, the newspaper had a
circulation of 100 copies, and since 1909 it has had 853 copies.
The first Uzbek-language newspaper in Turkestan was created with the direct
assistance of "Turkestanskie Vedomosti". This newspaper was "Turkestan Violaining
Gazeti", which was published from July 1870 to February 1917. From 1871 to 1883,
the newspaper was published under the leadership of the translator of the Governor-
General of Turkestan, Shohimardon Ibrohimov, and for a while Muhammadhasan
Chonishev, and from the end of 1883 to February 1917, under the editorship of N.P.
Ostroumov.
ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ НАУКА И ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ИДЕИ В МИРЕ
https://scientific-jl.org/obr
Выпуск журнала №-70
Часть–3_ Мая –2025
306
2181-3187
References
1. A.Kattaboev. On the history of book publishing in Uzbekistan. Social sciences in
Uzbekistan. 1988, No. 2, pp. 43-45.
2. Pidaev T. Matbuot-millat chirogi. Tashkent, 1999, pp. 48-49.
3. Central State Military Historical Archive of the Russian Federation ( RFMDTHTA),
400-f, 1-record, 118-work, 1-2-sheets.
4. Ernazarov T.E., Akbarov A.I. History of printing in Turkestan. Tashkent, 1976, p.
10.
